diff --git a/binutils/aa_load.c b/binutils/aa_load.c
index 6133e899a..b7e6eca28 100644
--- a/binutils/aa_load.c
+++ b/binutils/aa_load.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <dirent.h>
+#include <limits.h>
 
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
diff --git a/parser/af_unix.cc b/parser/af_unix.cc
index f9b977a49..4a0039a5b 100644
--- a/parser/af_unix.cc
+++ b/parser/af_unix.cc
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@
 #include "profile.h"
 #include "af_unix.h"
 
+using namespace std;
+
 /* See unix(7) for autobind address definition */
 #define autobind_address_pattern "\\x00[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]";
 
diff --git a/parser/apparmor.d.pod b/parser/apparmor.d.pod
index dfcb37077..9533155c8 100644
--- a/parser/apparmor.d.pod
+++ b/parser/apparmor.d.pod
@@ -1196,17 +1196,17 @@ using inode access times. Matches only:
 
 =item B<< mount options=(ro, atime) options in (nodev, user) /dev/foo -E<gt> /mnt/, >>
 
-allow mounting /dev/foo on /mmt/ read only and using inode access times or
-allow mounting /dev/foo on /mnt/ with some combination of 'nodev' and 'user'.
+allow mounting /dev/foo on /mnt/ read only and using inode access times, in
+addition to allowing some combination of 'nodev' and 'user' to be added on top.
 Matches only:
 
     $ mount -o ro,atime /dev/foo /mnt
 
-    $ mount -o nodev /dev/foo /mnt
+    $ mount -o ro,atime,nodev /dev/foo /mnt
 
-    $ mount -o user /dev/foo /mnt
+    $ mount -o ro,atime,user /dev/foo /mnt
 
-    $ mount -o nodev,user /dev/foo /mnt
+    $ mount -o ro,atime,nodev,user /dev/foo /mnt
 
 =back
 
diff --git a/parser/file_cache.h b/parser/file_cache.h
index 7483be22d..81ddd7d27 100644
--- a/parser/file_cache.h
+++ b/parser/file_cache.h
@@ -21,14 +21,12 @@
 #include <set>
 #include <string>
 
-using namespace std;
-
 /* TODO: have includecache be a frontend for file cache, don't just
  * store name.
  */
 class IncludeCache_t {
 public:
-	set<string> cache;
+	std::set<std::string> cache;
 
 	IncludeCache_t() = default;
 	virtual ~IncludeCache_t() = default;
@@ -39,7 +37,7 @@ public:
 	}
 
 	bool insert(const char *name) {
-		pair<set<string>::iterator,bool> res = cache.insert(name);
+		std::pair<std::set<std::string>::iterator,bool> res = cache.insert(name);
 		if (res.second == false) {
 			return false;
 		}
diff --git a/parser/lib.c b/parser/lib.c
index a105fa379..a3d21f9a1 100644
--- a/parser/lib.c
+++ b/parser/lib.c
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@
 #include "lib.h"
 #include "parser.h"
 
+using namespace std;
+
 int dirat_for_each(int dirfd, const char *name, void *data,
 		   int (* cb)(int, const char *, struct stat *, void *))
 {
diff --git a/parser/libapparmor_re/aare_rules.cc b/parser/libapparmor_re/aare_rules.cc
index d5546dde4..f2ddc564c 100644
--- a/parser/libapparmor_re/aare_rules.cc
+++ b/parser/libapparmor_re/aare_rules.cc
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "chfa.h"
 #include "../immunix.h"
 
+using namespace std;
 
 aare_rules::~aare_rules(void)
 {
diff --git a/parser/libapparmor_re/aare_rules.h b/parser/libapparmor_re/aare_rules.h
index 91ae289b3..45f277f02 100644
--- a/parser/libapparmor_re/aare_rules.h
+++ b/parser/libapparmor_re/aare_rules.h
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ public:
 
 class UniquePermsCache {
 public:
-	typedef map<UniquePerm, Node*> UniquePermMap;
+	typedef std::map<UniquePerm, Node*> UniquePermMap;
 	typedef UniquePermMap::iterator iterator;
 	UniquePermMap nodes;
 
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public:
 				node = new ExactMatchFlag(priority, perms, audit);
 			else
 				node = new MatchFlag(priority, perms, audit);
-			pair<iterator, bool> val = nodes.insert(make_pair(tmp, node));
+			std::pair<iterator, bool> val = nodes.insert(std::make_pair(tmp, node));
 			if (val.second == false) {
 				delete node;
 				return val.first->second;
@@ -121,17 +121,17 @@ class aare_rules {
 			  optflags const &opts, bool oob);
 	bool append_rule(const char *rule, bool oob, bool with_perm, optflags const &opts);
 	CHFA *create_chfa(int *min_match_len,
-			  vector <aa_perms> &perms_table,
+			  std::vector <aa_perms> &perms_table,
 			  optflags const &opts, bool filedfa,
 			  bool extended_perms, bool prompt);
 	void *create_dfablob(size_t *size, int *min_match_len,
-			 vector <aa_perms> &perms_table,
+			 std::vector <aa_perms> &perms_table,
 			 optflags const &opts,
 			 bool filedfa, bool extended_perms, bool prompt);
 	void *create_welded_dfablob(aare_rules *file_rules,
 				    size_t *size, int *min_match_len,
 				    size_t *new_start,
-				    vector <aa_perms> &perms_table,
+				    std::vector <aa_perms> &perms_table,
 				    optflags const &opts,
 				    bool extended_perms, bool prompt);
 };
diff --git a/parser/libapparmor_re/chfa.cc b/parser/libapparmor_re/chfa.cc
index 809bcefed..d0e3a60af 100644
--- a/parser/libapparmor_re/chfa.cc
+++ b/parser/libapparmor_re/chfa.cc
@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@
 #include "../policydb.h"
 #include "flex-tables.h"
 
+using namespace std;
+
 void CHFA::init_free_list(vector<pair<size_t, size_t> > &free_list,
 				     size_t prev, size_t start)
 {
diff --git a/parser/libapparmor_re/chfa.h b/parser/libapparmor_re/chfa.h
index cc36e8580..983c664e9 100644
--- a/parser/libapparmor_re/chfa.h
+++ b/parser/libapparmor_re/chfa.h
@@ -32,39 +32,37 @@
 #define MATCH_FLAG_OOB_TRANSITION 0x20000000
 #define base_mask_size(X) ((X) & ~BASE32_FLAGS)
 
-using namespace std;
-
-typedef vector<pair<const State *, size_t> > DefaultBase;
-typedef vector<pair<const State *, const State *> > NextCheck;
+typedef std::vector<std::pair<const State *, size_t> > DefaultBase;
+typedef std::vector<std::pair<const State *, const State *> > NextCheck;
 
 class CHFA {
       public:
 	CHFA(void);
-	CHFA(DFA &dfa, map<transchar, transchar> &eq, optflags const &opts,
+	CHFA(DFA &dfa, std::map<transchar, transchar> &eq, optflags const &opts,
 	     bool permindex, bool prompt);
 	void dump(ostream & os);
 	void flex_table(ostream &os, optflags const &opts);
-	void init_free_list(vector<pair<size_t, size_t> > &free_list,
+	void init_free_list(std::vector<std::pair<size_t, size_t> > &free_list,
 			    size_t prev, size_t start);
-	bool fits_in(vector<pair<size_t, size_t> > &free_list, size_t base,
+	bool fits_in(std::vector<std::pair<size_t, size_t> > &free_list, size_t base,
 		     StateTrans &cases);
-	void insert_state(vector<pair<size_t, size_t> > &free_list,
+	void insert_state(std::vector<std::pair<size_t, size_t> > &free_list,
 			  State *state, DFA &dfa);
 	void weld_file_to_policy(CHFA &file_chfa, size_t &new_start,
 				 bool accept_idx, bool prompt,
-				 vector <aa_perms>  &policy_perms,
-				 vector <aa_perms> &file_perms);
+				 std::vector <aa_perms>  &policy_perms,
+				 std::vector <aa_perms> &file_perms);
 
 	// private:
 	// sigh templates suck, friend declaration does not work so for now
 	// make these public
-	vector<uint32_t> accept;
-	vector<uint32_t> accept2;
+	std::vector<uint32_t> accept;
+	std::vector<uint32_t> accept2;
 	DefaultBase default_base;
 	NextCheck next_check;
 	const State *start;
 	Renumber_Map num;
-	map<transchar, transchar> eq;
+	std::map<transchar, transchar> eq;
 	unsigned int chfaflags;
       private:
 	transchar max_eq;
diff --git a/parser/libapparmor_re/expr-tree.cc b/parser/libapparmor_re/expr-tree.cc
index 184d51515..420b7a37b 100644
--- a/parser/libapparmor_re/expr-tree.cc
+++ b/parser/libapparmor_re/expr-tree.cc
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@
 #include "expr-tree.h"
 #include "apparmor_re.h"
 
+using namespace std;
+
 /* Use a single static EpsNode as it carries no node specific information */
 EpsNode epsnode;
 
diff --git a/parser/libapparmor_re/expr-tree.h b/parser/libapparmor_re/expr-tree.h
index 3e0c5b085..970020040 100644
--- a/parser/libapparmor_re/expr-tree.h
+++ b/parser/libapparmor_re/expr-tree.h
@@ -44,8 +44,6 @@
 #include "../perms.h"
 #include "apparmor_re.h"
 
-using namespace std;
-
 /*
  * transchar - representative input character for state transitions
  *
@@ -146,9 +144,9 @@ public:
 
 class Chars {
 public:
-	set<transchar> chars;
+	std::set<transchar> chars;
 
-	typedef set<transchar>::iterator iterator;
+	typedef std::set<transchar>::iterator iterator;
 	iterator begin() { return chars.begin(); }
 	iterator end() { return chars.end(); }
 
@@ -166,11 +164,11 @@ public:
 	{
 		return chars.find(key);
 	}
-	pair<iterator,bool> insert(transchar c)
+	std::pair<iterator,bool> insert(transchar c)
 	{
 		return chars.insert(c);
 	}
-	pair<iterator,bool> insert(char c)
+	std::pair<iterator,bool> insert(char c)
 	{
 		transchar tmp(c);
 		return chars.insert(tmp);
@@ -181,9 +179,9 @@ public:
 ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, transchar c);
 
 /* Compute the union of two sets. */
-template<class T> set<T> operator+(const set<T> &a, const set<T> &b)
+template<class T> std::set<T> operator+(const std::set<T> &a, const std::set<T> &b)
 {
-	set<T> c(a);
+	std::set<T> c(a);
 	c.insert(b.begin(), b.end());
 	return c;
 }
@@ -196,7 +194,7 @@ template<class T> set<T> operator+(const set<T> &a, const set<T> &b)
  */
 class Node;
 class ImportantNode;
-typedef set<ImportantNode *> NodeSet;
+typedef std::set<ImportantNode *> NodeSet;
 
 /**
  * Text-dump a state (for debugging).
@@ -212,12 +210,12 @@ ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const NodeSet &state);
  * enumerating all the explicit tranitions for default matches.
  */
 typedef struct Cases {
-	typedef map<transchar, NodeSet *>::iterator iterator;
+	typedef std::map<transchar, NodeSet *>::iterator iterator;
 	iterator begin() { return cases.begin(); }
 	iterator end() { return cases.end(); }
 
 	Cases(): otherwise(0) { }
-	map<transchar, NodeSet *> cases;
+	std::map<transchar, NodeSet *> cases;
 	NodeSet *otherwise;
 } Cases;
 
@@ -891,7 +889,8 @@ public:
 	{
 		type_flags |= NODE_TYPE_MATCHFLAG;
 	}
-	ostream &dump(ostream &os) override { return os << "< 0x" << hex << perms << std::dec << '>'; }
+	
+	ostream &dump(ostream &os) override { return os << "< 0x" << std::hex << perms << std::dec << '>'; }
 
 	int priority;
 	perm32_t perms;
@@ -925,7 +924,7 @@ public:
 
 /* Traverse the syntax tree depth-first in an iterator-like manner. */
 class depth_first_traversal {
-	stack<Node *>pos;
+	std::stack<Node *>pos;
 	void push_left(Node *node) {
 		pos.push(node);
 
@@ -1051,7 +1050,7 @@ struct deref_less_than {
 
 class NodeVecCache: public CacheStats {
 public:
-	set<NodeVec *, deref_less_than> cache;
+	std::set<NodeVec *, deref_less_than> cache;
 
 	NodeVecCache(void): cache() { };
 	~NodeVecCache() override { clear(); };
@@ -1060,7 +1059,7 @@ public:
 
 	void clear()
 	{
-		for (set<NodeVec *>::iterator i = cache.begin();
+		for (std::set<NodeVec *>::iterator i = cache.begin();
 		     i != cache.end(); i++) {
 			delete *i;
 		}
@@ -1072,7 +1071,7 @@ public:
 	{
 		if (!nodes)
 			return NULL;
-		pair<set<NodeVec *>::iterator,bool> uniq;
+		std::pair<std::set<NodeVec *>::iterator,bool> uniq;
 		NodeVec *nv = new NodeVec(nodes);
 		uniq = cache.insert(nv);
 		if (uniq.second == false) {
diff --git a/parser/libapparmor_re/hfa.cc b/parser/libapparmor_re/hfa.cc
index 470b58871..45e0dff04 100644
--- a/parser/libapparmor_re/hfa.cc
+++ b/parser/libapparmor_re/hfa.cc
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@
 #include "../immunix.h"
 #include "../perms.h"
 
+using namespace std;
+
 ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const CacheStats &cache)
 {
 	/* dump the state label */
@@ -1443,9 +1445,31 @@ static int pri_update_perm(optflags const &opts, vector<int> &priority, int i,
 			   MatchFlag *match, perms_t &perms, perms_t &exact,
 			   bool filedfa)
 {
-	if (priority[i] > match->priority) {
+	// scaling priority *4
+	int pri = match->priority<<2;
+
+	/* use priority to get proper ordering and application of the type
+	 * of match flag.
+	 *
+	 * Note: this is the last use of priority, it is dropped and not
+	 *       used in the backend.
+	 */
+	if (match->is_type(NODE_TYPE_DENYMATCHFLAG))
+		pri += 3;
+	// exact match must be same priority as allow as its audit
+	// flags has the same priority.
+	// current no ALLOWMATCHFLAG it is just absence of other flags
+	// so it has to be second last in this list, using !last
+	// until this gets fixed
+	else if (match->is_type(NODE_TYPE_EXACTMATCHFLAG) ||
+		 (!match->is_type(NODE_TYPE_PROMPTMATCHFLAG)))
+		pri += 2;
+	else if (match->is_type(NODE_TYPE_PROMPTMATCHFLAG))
+		pri += 1;
+
+	if (priority[i] > pri) {
 		if (opts.dump & DUMP_DFA_PERMS)
-			cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] << " > " << match->priority << " SKIPPING " << hex << (match->perms) << "/" << (match->audit) << dec << "\n";
+			cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] << " > " << pri << " SKIPPING " << hex << (match->perms) << "/" << (match->audit) << dec << "\n";
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -1461,8 +1485,8 @@ static int pri_update_perm(optflags const &opts, vector<int> &priority, int i,
 			if (match->perms & AA_EXEC_INHERIT) {
 				xmask |= AA_USER_EXEC_MMAP;
 				//USER_EXEC_MAP = 6
-				if (priority[6] < match->priority)
-					priority[6] = match->priority;
+				if (priority[6] < pri)
+					priority[6] = pri;
 			}
 			amask = mask | xmask;
 		} else if (mask & AA_OTHER_EXEC) {
@@ -1471,8 +1495,8 @@ static int pri_update_perm(optflags const &opts, vector<int> &priority, int i,
 			if (match->perms & AA_OTHER_EXEC_INHERIT) {
 				xmask |= AA_OTHER_EXEC_MMAP;
 				//OTHER_EXEC_MAP = 20
-				if (priority[20] < match->priority)
-					priority[20] = match->priority;
+				if (priority[20] < pri)
+					priority[20] = pri;
 			}
 			amask = mask | xmask;
 		} else if (((mask & AA_USER_EXEC_MMAP) &&
@@ -1481,17 +1505,17 @@ static int pri_update_perm(optflags const &opts, vector<int> &priority, int i,
 			    (match->perms & AA_OTHER_EXEC_INHERIT))) {
 			// if exec && ix we handled mmp above
 			if (opts.dump & DUMP_DFA_PERMS)
-				cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] << " <= " << match->priority << " SKIPPING mmap unmasked " << hex << match->perms << "/" << match->audit << " masked " << (match->perms & amask) << "/" << (match->audit & amask) << " data " << (perms.allow & mask) << "/" << (perms.audit & mask) << " exact " << (exact.allow & mask) << "/" << (exact.audit & mask) << dec << "\n";
+				cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] << " <= " << pri << " SKIPPING mmap unmasked " << hex << match->perms << "/" << match->audit << " masked " << (match->perms & amask) << "/" << (match->audit & amask) << " data " << (perms.allow & mask) << "/" << (perms.audit & mask) << " exact " << (exact.allow & mask) << "/" << (exact.audit & mask) << dec << "\n";
 			return 0;
 		}
 	}
 
 	if (opts.dump & DUMP_DFA_PERMS)
-		cerr << "  " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] <<  " vs. " << match->priority << " mask: " << hex << mask << " xmask: " << xmask << " amask: " << amask << dec << "\n";
-	if (priority[i] < match->priority) {
+		cerr << "  " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] <<  " vs. " << pri << " mask: " << hex << mask << " xmask: " << xmask << " amask: " << amask << dec << "\n";
+	if (priority[i] < pri) {
 		if (opts.dump & DUMP_DFA_PERMS)
-			cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] <<  " < " << match->priority << " clearing " << hex << (perms.allow & amask) << "/" << (perms.audit & amask) << " -> " << dec;
-		priority[i] = match->priority;
+			cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] <<  " < " << pri << " clearing " << hex << (perms.allow & amask) << "/" << (perms.audit & amask) << " -> " << dec;
+		priority[i] = pri;
 		perms.clear_bits(amask);
 		exact.clear_bits(amask);
 		if (opts.dump & DUMP_DFA_PERMS)
@@ -1501,7 +1525,7 @@ static int pri_update_perm(optflags const &opts, vector<int> &priority, int i,
 	// the if conditions in order of permission priority
 	if (match->is_type(NODE_TYPE_DENYMATCHFLAG)) {
 		if (opts.dump & DUMP_DFA_PERMS)
-			cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] << " <= " << match->priority << " deny " << hex << (match->perms & amask) << "/" << (match->audit & amask) << dec << "\n";
+			cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] << " <= " << pri << " deny " << hex << (match->perms & amask) << "/" << (match->audit & amask) << dec << "\n";
 		perms.deny |= match->perms & amask;
 		perms.quiet |= match->audit & amask;
 
@@ -1511,11 +1535,11 @@ static int pri_update_perm(optflags const &opts, vector<int> &priority, int i,
 	} else if (match->is_type(NODE_TYPE_EXACTMATCHFLAG)) {
 		/* exact match only asserts dominance on the XTYPE */
 		if (opts.dump & DUMP_DFA_PERMS)
-			cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] <<  " <= " << match->priority << " exact " << hex << (match->perms & amask) << "/" << (match->audit & amask) << dec << "\n";
+			cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] <<  " <= " << pri << " exact " << hex << (match->perms & amask) << "/" << (match->audit & amask) << dec << "\n";
 		if (filedfa &&
 		    !is_merged_x_consistent(exact.allow, match->perms & amask)) {
 			if (opts.dump & DUMP_DFA_PERMS)
-				cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] <<  " <= " << match->priority << " exact match conflict" << "\n";
+				cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] <<  " <= " << pri << " exact match conflict" << "\n";
 			return 1;
 		}
 		exact.allow |= match->perms & amask;
@@ -1536,11 +1560,11 @@ static int pri_update_perm(optflags const &opts, vector<int> &priority, int i,
 		// allow perms, if exact has been encountered will already be set
 		// if overlaps x here, don't conflict, because exact will override
 		if (opts.dump & DUMP_DFA_PERMS)
-			cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] <<  " <= " << match->priority << " allow " << hex << (match->perms & amask) << "/" << (match->audit & amask) << dec << "\n";
+			cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] <<  " <= " << pri << " allow " << hex << (match->perms & amask) << "/" << (match->audit & amask) << dec << "\n";
 		if (filedfa && !(exact.allow & mask) &&
 		    !is_merged_x_consistent(perms.allow, match->perms & amask)) {
 			if (opts.dump & DUMP_DFA_PERMS)
-				cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] <<  " <= " << match->priority << " allow match conflict" << "\n";
+				cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] <<  " <= " << pri << " allow match conflict" << "\n";
 			return 1;
 		}
 		// mask off if XTYPE in xmatch
@@ -1554,11 +1578,11 @@ static int pri_update_perm(optflags const &opts, vector<int> &priority, int i,
 		}
 	} else { // if (match->is_type(NODE_TYPE_PROMPTMATCHFLAG)) {
 		if (opts.dump & DUMP_DFA_PERMS)
-			cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] <<  " <= " << match->priority << " prompt " << hex << (match->perms & amask) << "/" << (match->audit & amask) << dec << "\n";
+			cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] <<  " <= " << pri << " prompt " << hex << (match->perms & amask) << "/" << (match->audit & amask) << dec << "\n";
 		if (filedfa && !((exact.allow | perms.allow) & mask) &&
 		    !is_merged_x_consistent(perms.allow, match->perms & amask)) {
 			if (opts.dump & DUMP_DFA_PERMS)
-				cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] <<  " <= " << match->priority << " prompt match conflict" << "\n";
+				cerr << "    " << match << "[" << i << "]=" << priority[i] <<  " <= " << pri << " prompt match conflict" << "\n";
 			return 1;
 		}
 		if ((exact.allow | exact.audit | perms.allow | perms.audit) & mask) {
@@ -1584,7 +1608,8 @@ int accept_perms(optflags const &opts, NodeVec *state, perms_t &perms,
 {
 	int error = 0;
 	perms_t exact;
-	std::vector<int>  priority(sizeof(perm32_t)*8,  MIN_INTERNAL_PRIORITY);	// 32 but wan't tied to perm32_t
+	// scaling priority by *4
+	std::vector<int>  priority(sizeof(perm32_t)*8,  MIN_INTERNAL_PRIORITY<<2);	// 32 but wan't tied to perm32_t
 	perms.clear();
 
 	if (!state)
diff --git a/parser/libapparmor_re/hfa.h b/parser/libapparmor_re/hfa.h
index af66c57ce..c442a6a0f 100644
--- a/parser/libapparmor_re/hfa.h
+++ b/parser/libapparmor_re/hfa.h
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ extern int prompt_compat_mode;
 
 class State;
 
-typedef map<transchar, State *> StateTrans;
-typedef list<State *> Partition;
+typedef std::map<transchar, State *> StateTrans;
+typedef std::list<State *> Partition;
 
 #include "../immunix.h"
 
@@ -62,9 +62,9 @@ public:
 	}
 	ostream &dump(ostream &os)
 	{
-		os << "(0x " << hex
+		os << "(0x " << std::hex
 		   << allow << "/" << deny << "/" << "/" << prompt << "/" << audit << "/" << quiet
-		   << ')' << dec;
+		   << ')' << std::dec;
 		return os;
 	}
 
@@ -317,11 +317,11 @@ public:
 class NodeMap: public CacheStats
 {
 public:
-	typedef map<ProtoState, State *>::iterator iterator;
+	typedef std::map<ProtoState, State *>::iterator iterator;
 	iterator begin() { return cache.begin(); }
 	iterator end() { return cache.end(); }
 
-	map<ProtoState, State *> cache;
+	std::map<ProtoState, State *> cache;
 
 	NodeMap(void): cache() { };
 	~NodeMap() override { clear(); };
@@ -334,10 +334,10 @@ public:
 		CacheStats::clear();
 	}
 
-	pair<iterator,bool> insert(ProtoState &proto, State *state)
+	std::pair<iterator,bool> insert(ProtoState &proto, State *state)
 	{
-		pair<iterator,bool> uniq;
-		uniq = cache.insert(make_pair(proto, state));
+		std::pair<iterator,bool> uniq;
+		uniq = cache.insert(std::make_pair(proto, state));
 		if (uniq.second == false) {
 			dup++;
 		} else {
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ public:
 	}
 };
 
-typedef map<const State *, size_t> Renumber_Map;
+typedef std::map<const State *, size_t> Renumber_Map;
 
 /* Transitions in the DFA. */
 class DFA {
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ class DFA {
 			     NodeSet *nnodes, State *other);
 	void update_state_transitions(optflags const &opts, State *state);
 	void process_work_queue(const char *header, optflags const &);
-	void dump_diff_chain(ostream &os, map<State *, Partition> &relmap,
+	void dump_diff_chain(ostream &os, std::map<State *, Partition> &relmap,
 			     Partition &chain, State *state,
 			     unsigned int &count, unsigned int &total,
 			     unsigned int &max);
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ class DFA {
 	NodeVecCache anodes_cache;
 	NodeVecCache nnodes_cache;
 	NodeMap node_map;
-	list<State *> work_queue;
+	std::list<State *> work_queue;
 
 public:
 	DFA(Node *root, optflags const &flags, bool filedfa);
@@ -394,14 +394,14 @@ public:
 	void dump_uniq_perms(const char *s);
 	ostream &dump_partition(ostream &os, Partition &p);
 	ostream &dump_partitions(ostream &os, const char *description,
-				 list<Partition *> &partitions);
-	map<transchar, transchar> equivalence_classes(optflags const &flags);
-	void apply_equivalence_classes(map<transchar, transchar> &eq);
+				 std::list<Partition *> &partitions);
+	std::map<transchar, transchar> equivalence_classes(optflags const &flags);
+	void apply_equivalence_classes(std::map<transchar, transchar> &eq);
 
 	void compute_perms_table_ent(State *state, size_t pos,
-				     vector <aa_perms> &perms_table,
+				     std::vector <aa_perms> &perms_table,
 				     bool prompt);
-	void compute_perms_table(vector <aa_perms> &perms_table,
+	void compute_perms_table(std::vector <aa_perms> &perms_table,
 				 bool prompt);
 
 	unsigned int diffcount;
@@ -415,6 +415,6 @@ public:
 	bool filedfa;
 };
 
-void dump_equivalence_classes(ostream &os, map<transchar, transchar> &eq);
+void dump_equivalence_classes(ostream &os, std::map<transchar, transchar> &eq);
 
 #endif /* __LIBAA_RE_HFA_H */
diff --git a/parser/libapparmor_re/parse.y b/parser/libapparmor_re/parse.y
index 4a89b81e0..47f3ccc46 100644
--- a/parser/libapparmor_re/parse.y
+++ b/parser/libapparmor_re/parse.y
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 /* #define DEBUG_TREE */
 #include "expr-tree.h"
 
+using namespace std;
+
 %}
 
 %union {
@@ -60,7 +62,7 @@ static inline Chars* insert_char_range(Chars* cset, transchar a, transchar b)
 %lex-param {YYLEX_PARAM}
 %parse-param {Node **root}
 %parse-param {const char *text}
-%name-prefix "regex_"
+%define api.prefix {regex_}
 
 %token <c> CHAR
 %type <c> regex_char cset_char1 cset_char cset_charN
diff --git a/parser/mount.cc b/parser/mount.cc
index ce7df3731..a98f067fd 100644
--- a/parser/mount.cc
+++ b/parser/mount.cc
@@ -228,6 +228,8 @@
 #include "profile.h"
 #include "mount.h"
 
+using namespace std;
+
 struct mnt_keyword_table {
 	const char *keyword;
 	unsigned int set;
diff --git a/parser/parser.h b/parser/parser.h
index 56fae71f2..005bbe580 100644
--- a/parser/parser.h
+++ b/parser/parser.h
@@ -41,8 +41,6 @@
 
 #include <string>
 
-using namespace std;
-
 #include <set>
 
 
diff --git a/parser/parser_interface.c b/parser/parser_interface.c
index 5e4724812..8aa752164 100644
--- a/parser/parser_interface.c
+++ b/parser/parser_interface.c
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 #define SD_CODE_SIZE (sizeof(u8))
 #define SD_STR_LEN (sizeof(u16))
 
+using namespace std;
 
 int __sd_serialize_profile(int option, aa_kernel_interface *kernel_interface,
 			   Profile *prof, int cache_fd);
diff --git a/parser/parser_lex.l b/parser/parser_lex.l
index 15f0bccd2..f7b3ff4db 100644
--- a/parser/parser_lex.l
+++ b/parser/parser_lex.l
@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@
 #include "policy_cache.h"
 #include "file_cache.h"
 
+using namespace std;
+
 #ifdef PDEBUG
 #undef PDEBUG
 #endif
diff --git a/parser/parser_misc.c b/parser/parser_misc.c
index 897a21a5c..6f3f40895 100644
--- a/parser/parser_misc.c
+++ b/parser/parser_misc.c
@@ -66,6 +66,8 @@ void *reallocarray(void *ptr, size_t nmemb, size_t size)
 #define NULL nullptr
 #endif
 
+using namespace std;
+
 int is_blacklisted(const char *name, const char *path)
 {
 	int retval = _aa_is_blacklisted(name);
diff --git a/parser/parser_policy.c b/parser/parser_policy.c
index 58d4fad01..7e0743f3d 100644
--- a/parser/parser_policy.c
+++ b/parser/parser_policy.c
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 #endif
 #define NPDEBUG(fmt, args...)	/* Do nothing */
 
+using namespace std;
 
 ProfileList policy_list;
 
diff --git a/parser/parser_yacc.y b/parser/parser_yacc.y
index 4d9c62762..21ff2d783 100644
--- a/parser/parser_yacc.y
+++ b/parser/parser_yacc.y
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 #include <netinet/in.h>
 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 
+using namespace std;
 
 #define CIDR_32 htonl(0xffffffff)
 #define CIDR_24 htonl(0xffffff00)
diff --git a/parser/profile.cc b/parser/profile.cc
index 2f235e587..52a195b9d 100644
--- a/parser/profile.cc
+++ b/parser/profile.cc
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
 #include <vector>
 #include <algorithm>
 
+using namespace std;
+
 const char *profile_mode_table[] = {
 	"",
 	"enforce",
diff --git a/parser/profile.h b/parser/profile.h
index 207c9b57e..e7df0f90e 100644
--- a/parser/profile.h
+++ b/parser/profile.h
@@ -42,16 +42,16 @@ struct deref_profileptr_lt {
 
 class ProfileList {
 public:
-	set<Profile *, deref_profileptr_lt> list;
+	std::set<Profile *, deref_profileptr_lt> list;
 
-	typedef set<Profile *, deref_profileptr_lt>::iterator iterator;
+	typedef std::set<Profile *, deref_profileptr_lt>::iterator iterator;
 	iterator begin() { return list.begin(); }
 	iterator end() { return list.end(); }
 
 	ProfileList() { };
 	virtual ~ProfileList() { clear(); }
 	virtual bool empty(void) { return list.empty(); }
-	virtual pair<ProfileList::iterator,bool> insert(Profile *);
+	virtual std::pair<ProfileList::iterator,bool> insert(Profile *);
 	virtual void erase(ProfileList::iterator pos);
 	void clear(void);
 	void dump(void);
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ struct dfa_stuff {
 	void *dfa;
 	size_t size;
 	size_t file_start;		/* special start in welded dfa */
-	vector <aa_perms> perms_table;
+	std::vector <aa_perms> perms_table;
 	dfa_stuff(void): rules(NULL), dfa(NULL), size(0) { }
 };
 
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ public:
 	void *xmatch;
 	size_t xmatch_size;
 	int xmatch_len;
-	vector <aa_perms> xmatch_perms_table;
+	std::vector <aa_perms> xmatch_perms_table;
 	struct cond_entry_list xattrs;
 
 	/* char *sub_name; */			/* subdomain name or NULL */
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ public:
 			debug_cod_entries(entries);
 
 		for (RuleList::iterator i = rule_ents.begin(); i != rule_ents.end(); i++) {
-			(*i)->dump(cout);
+			(*i)->dump(std::cout);
 		}
 
 		printf("\n");
@@ -511,7 +511,7 @@ public:
 
 	void dump_name(bool fqp)
 	{
-		cout << get_name(fqp);;
+		std::cout << get_name(fqp);;
 	}
 
 	void post_parse_profile(void);
diff --git a/parser/rule.h b/parser/rule.h
index a46cc00f2..f8a101634 100644
--- a/parser/rule.h
+++ b/parser/rule.h
@@ -25,8 +25,6 @@
 #include "perms.h"
 #include "policydb.h"
 
-using namespace std;
-
 #define PROMPT_COMPAT_UNKNOWN  0
 #define PROMPT_COMPAT_IGNORE  1
 #define PROMPT_COMPAT_PERMSV2 2
@@ -436,9 +434,9 @@ public:
 		class_rule_t::dump(os);
 
 		if (saved)
-			os << "(0x" << hex << perms << "/orig " << saved << ") ";
+			os << "(0x" << std::hex << perms << "/orig " << saved << ") ";
 		else
-			os << "(0x" << hex << perms << ") ";
+			os << "(0x" << std::hex << perms << ") ";
 
 		return os;
 	}
@@ -464,7 +462,7 @@ public:
 	ostream &dump(ostream &os) override {
 		class_rule_t::dump(os);
 
-		os << "(0x" << hex << perms << ") ";
+		os << "(0x" << std::hex << perms << ") ";
 		return os;
 	}
 
diff --git a/parser/signal.cc b/parser/signal.cc
index 81502509b..514a5a182 100644
--- a/parser/signal.cc
+++ b/parser/signal.cc
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@
 #include "parser_yacc.h"
 #include "signal.h"
 
+using namespace std;
+
 #define MAXMAPPED_SIG 35
 #define MINRT_SIG 128		/* base of RT sigs */
 #define MAXRT_SIG 32		/* Max RT above MINRT_SIG */
diff --git a/parser/signal.h b/parser/signal.h
index 60219c45c..b39e1115f 100644
--- a/parser/signal.h
+++ b/parser/signal.h
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 #define AA_VALID_SIGNAL_PERMS		(AA_MAY_SEND | AA_MAY_RECEIVE)
 
 
-typedef set<int> Signals;
+typedef std::set<int> Signals;
 
 int find_signal_mapping(const char *sig);
 int parse_signal_perms(const char *str_perms, perm32_t *perms, int fail);
diff --git a/parser/tst/equality.sh b/parser/tst/equality.sh
index 6f4ee6082..f0b90379b 100755
--- a/parser/tst/equality.sh
+++ b/parser/tst/equality.sh
@@ -1223,7 +1223,7 @@ done
 
 set -- "${POSITIONAL_ARGS[@]}" # restore positional parameters
 
-if [ $# -eq 0 -o -z $testtype] ; then
+if [ $# -eq 0 -o -z "$testtype" ] ; then
 	run_tests "$@"
 	exit $?
 fi
diff --git a/parser/tst/simple_tests/file/priority/front_perms_ok_1.sd b/parser/tst/simple_tests/file/priority/front_perms_ok_1.sd
index 2375fd1dc..137a9454a 100644
--- a/parser/tst/simple_tests/file/priority/front_perms_ok_1.sd
+++ b/parser/tst/simple_tests/file/priority/front_perms_ok_1.sd
@@ -15,10 +15,5 @@
    priority=-1 file ux /foo3,
    priority=-1 file Ux /foo4,
    priority=-1 file ix /foo5,
-   priority=-1 file unsafe px /foo6,
-   priority=-1 file unsafe Px /foo7,
-   priority=-1 file unsafe ux /foo8,
-   priority=-1 file unsafe Ux /foo9,
-   priority=-1 file unsafe ix /foo10,
 
 }
diff --git a/parser/tst/simple_tests/file/priority/front_perms_ok_2.sd b/parser/tst/simple_tests/file/priority/front_perms_ok_2.sd
index f1ee0837a..88db2191f 100644
--- a/parser/tst/simple_tests/file/priority/front_perms_ok_2.sd
+++ b/parser/tst/simple_tests/file/priority/front_perms_ok_2.sd
@@ -15,10 +15,5 @@
    priority=-1 ux /foo3,
    priority=-1 Ux /foo4,
    priority=-1 ix /foo5,
-   priority=-1 unsafe px /foo6,
-   priority=-1 unsafe Px /foo7,
-   priority=-1 unsafe ux /foo8,
-   priority=-1 unsafe Ux /foo9,
-   priority=-1 unsafe ix /foo10,
 
 }
diff --git a/parser/tst/simple_tests/file/priority/front_perms_ok_3.sd b/parser/tst/simple_tests/file/priority/front_perms_ok_3.sd
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4140ae0ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/parser/tst/simple_tests/file/priority/front_perms_ok_3.sd
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#
+#=DESCRIPTION perms before pathname + unsafe keyword
+#=EXRESULT PASS
+#
+/usr/bin/foo {
+   priority=-1 file unsafe px /foo6,
+   priority=-1 file unsafe Px /foo7,
+   priority=-1 file unsafe ux /foo8,
+   priority=-1 file unsafe Ux /foo9,
+   priority=-1 file unsafe ix /foo10,
+
+}
diff --git a/parser/tst/simple_tests/file/priority/front_perms_ok_4.sd b/parser/tst/simple_tests/file/priority/front_perms_ok_4.sd
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3a33020eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/parser/tst/simple_tests/file/priority/front_perms_ok_4.sd
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#
+#=DESCRIPTION perms before pathname + unsafe keyword
+#=EXRESULT PASS
+#
+/usr/bin/foo {
+
+   priority=-1 unsafe px /foo6,
+   priority=-1 unsafe Px /foo7,
+   priority=-1 unsafe ux /foo8,
+   priority=-1 unsafe Ux /foo9,
+   priority=-1 unsafe ix /foo10,
+
+}
diff --git a/profiles/apparmor.d/ssh-keyscan b/profiles/apparmor.d/ssh-keyscan
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7b05bfbbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/profiles/apparmor.d/ssh-keyscan
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#------------------------------------------------------------------
+#    Copyright (C) 2025 Canonical Ltd.
+#
+#    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+#    modify it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public
+#    License published by the Free Software Foundation.
+#------------------------------------------------------------------
+# vim: ft=apparmor
+#
+abi <abi/4.0>,
+
+include <tunables/global>
+
+profile ssh-keyscan /usr/bin/ssh-keyscan {
+  include <abstractions/base>
+  include <abstractions/nameservice-strict>
+  
+  network inet dgram,
+  network inet6 dgram,
+  network inet stream,
+  network inet6 stream,
+  network netlink raw,
+
+  # Allow executable mapping and read for the binary
+  file mr /usr/bin/ssh-keyscan,
+
+  # Site-specific additions and overrides. See local/README for details.
+  include if exists <local/ssh-keyscan>
+}
+
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/regex.py b/utils/apparmor/regex.py
index 256b5acb1..535918b17 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/regex.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/regex.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ from apparmor.translations import init_translation
 _ = init_translation()
 
 # Profile parsing Regex
-RE_AUDIT_DENY = r'^\s*(?P<audit>audit\s+)?(?P<allow>allow\s+|deny\s+)?'  # line start, optionally: leading whitespace, <audit> and <allow>/deny
+RE_PRIORITY_AUDIT_DENY = r'^\s*(priority\s*=\s*(?P<priority>[+-]?[0-9]*)\s+)?(?P<audit>audit\s+)?(?P<allow>allow\s+|deny\s+)?'  # line start, optionally: leading whitespace, <priority> = number, <audit> and <allow>/deny
 RE_EOL = r'\s*(?P<comment>#.*?)?\s*$'  # optional whitespace, optional <comment>, optional whitespace, end of the line
 RE_COMMA_EOL = r'\s*,' + RE_EOL  # optional whitespace, comma + RE_EOL
 
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ RE_XATTRS = r'(\s+xattrs\s*=\s*\((?P<xattrs>([^)=]+(=[^)=]+)?\s?)+)\)\s*)?'
 RE_FLAGS = r'(\s+(flags\s*=\s*)?\((?P<flags>[^)]+)\))?'
 
 RE_PROFILE_END = re.compile(r'^\s*\}' + RE_EOL)
-RE_PROFILE_ALL = re.compile(RE_AUDIT_DENY + r'all' + RE_COMMA_EOL)
-RE_PROFILE_CAP = re.compile(RE_AUDIT_DENY + r'capability(?P<capability>(\s+\S+)+)?' + RE_COMMA_EOL)
+RE_PROFILE_ALL = re.compile(RE_PRIORITY_AUDIT_DENY + r'all' + RE_COMMA_EOL)
+RE_PROFILE_CAP = re.compile(RE_PRIORITY_AUDIT_DENY + r'capability(?P<capability>(\s+\S+)+)?' + RE_COMMA_EOL)
 RE_PROFILE_ALIAS = re.compile(r'^\s*alias\s+(?P<orig_path>"??.+?"??)\s+->\s*(?P<target>"??.+?"??)' + RE_COMMA_EOL)
 RE_PROFILE_RLIMIT = re.compile(r'^\s*set\s+rlimit\s+(?P<rlimit>[a-z]+)\s*<=\s*(?P<value>[^ ]+(\s+[a-zA-Z]+)?)' + RE_COMMA_EOL)
 RE_PROFILE_BOOLEAN = re.compile(r'^\s*(?P<varname>\$\{?\w*\}?)\s*=\s*(?P<value>true|false)\s*,?' + RE_EOL, flags=re.IGNORECASE)
@@ -43,18 +43,18 @@ RE_PROFILE_VARIABLE = re.compile(r'^\s*(?P<varname>@\{?\w+\}?)\s*(?P<mode>\+?=)\
 RE_PROFILE_CONDITIONAL = re.compile(r'^\s*if\s+(not\s+)?(\$\{?\w*\}?)\s*\{' + RE_EOL)
 RE_PROFILE_CONDITIONAL_VARIABLE = re.compile(r'^\s*if\s+(not\s+)?defined\s+(@\{?\w+\}?)\s*\{\s*(#.*)?$')
 RE_PROFILE_CONDITIONAL_BOOLEAN = re.compile(r'^\s*if\s+(not\s+)?defined\s+(\$\{?\w+\}?)\s*\{\s*(#.*)?$')
-RE_PROFILE_NETWORK = re.compile(RE_AUDIT_DENY + r'network(?P<details>\s+.*)?' + RE_COMMA_EOL)
+RE_PROFILE_NETWORK = re.compile(RE_PRIORITY_AUDIT_DENY + r'network(?P<details>\s+.*)?' + RE_COMMA_EOL)
 RE_PROFILE_CHANGE_HAT = re.compile(r'^\s*\^("??.+?"??)' + RE_COMMA_EOL)
 RE_PROFILE_HAT_DEF = re.compile(r'^(?P<leadingspace>\s*)(?P<hat_keyword>\^|hat\s+)(?P<hat>"??[^)]+?"??)' + RE_FLAGS + r'\s*\{' + RE_EOL)
-RE_PROFILE_DBUS = re.compile(RE_AUDIT_DENY + r'(dbus\s*,|dbus(?P<details>\s+[^#]*)\s*,)' + RE_EOL)
-RE_PROFILE_MOUNT = re.compile(RE_AUDIT_DENY + r'((?P<operation>mount|remount|umount|unmount)(?P<details>\s+[^#]*)?\s*,)' + RE_EOL)
-RE_PROFILE_SIGNAL = re.compile(RE_AUDIT_DENY + r'(signal\s*,|signal(?P<details>\s+[^#]*)\s*,)' + RE_EOL)
-RE_PROFILE_PTRACE = re.compile(RE_AUDIT_DENY + r'(ptrace\s*,|ptrace(?P<details>\s+[^#]*)\s*,)' + RE_EOL)
-RE_PROFILE_PIVOT_ROOT = re.compile(RE_AUDIT_DENY + r'(pivot_root\s*,|pivot_root(?P<details>\s+[^#]*),)' + RE_EOL)
-RE_PROFILE_UNIX = re.compile(RE_AUDIT_DENY + r'(unix\s*,|unix(?P<details>\s+[^#]*)\s*,)' + RE_EOL)
-RE_PROFILE_USERNS = re.compile(RE_AUDIT_DENY + r'(userns\s*,|userns(?P<details>\s+[^#]*)\s*,)' + RE_EOL)
-RE_PROFILE_MQUEUE = re.compile(RE_AUDIT_DENY + r'(mqueue\s*,|mqueue(?P<details>\s+[^#]*)\s*,)' + RE_EOL)
-RE_PROFILE_IO_URING = re.compile(RE_AUDIT_DENY + r'(io_uring\s*,|io_uring(?P<details>\s+[^#]*)\s*,)' + RE_EOL)
+RE_PROFILE_DBUS = re.compile(RE_PRIORITY_AUDIT_DENY + r'(dbus\s*,|dbus(?P<details>\s+[^#]*)\s*,)' + RE_EOL)
+RE_PROFILE_MOUNT = re.compile(RE_PRIORITY_AUDIT_DENY + r'((?P<operation>mount|remount|umount|unmount)(?P<details>\s+[^#]*)?\s*,)' + RE_EOL)
+RE_PROFILE_SIGNAL = re.compile(RE_PRIORITY_AUDIT_DENY + r'(signal\s*,|signal(?P<details>\s+[^#]*)\s*,)' + RE_EOL)
+RE_PROFILE_PTRACE = re.compile(RE_PRIORITY_AUDIT_DENY + r'(ptrace\s*,|ptrace(?P<details>\s+[^#]*)\s*,)' + RE_EOL)
+RE_PROFILE_PIVOT_ROOT = re.compile(RE_PRIORITY_AUDIT_DENY + r'(pivot_root\s*,|pivot_root(?P<details>\s+[^#]*),)' + RE_EOL)
+RE_PROFILE_UNIX = re.compile(RE_PRIORITY_AUDIT_DENY + r'(unix\s*,|unix(?P<details>\s+[^#]*)\s*,)' + RE_EOL)
+RE_PROFILE_USERNS = re.compile(RE_PRIORITY_AUDIT_DENY + r'(userns\s*,|userns(?P<details>\s+[^#]*)\s*,)' + RE_EOL)
+RE_PROFILE_MQUEUE = re.compile(RE_PRIORITY_AUDIT_DENY + r'(mqueue\s*,|mqueue(?P<details>\s+[^#]*)\s*,)' + RE_EOL)
+RE_PROFILE_IO_URING = re.compile(RE_PRIORITY_AUDIT_DENY + r'(io_uring\s*,|io_uring(?P<details>\s+[^#]*)\s*,)' + RE_EOL)
 
 # match anything that's not " or #, or matching quotes with anything except quotes inside
 __re_no_or_quoted_hash = '([^#"]|"[^"]*")*'
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ RE_PROFILE_START = re.compile(
 
 
 RE_PROFILE_CHANGE_PROFILE = re.compile(
-    RE_AUDIT_DENY
+    RE_PRIORITY_AUDIT_DENY
     + 'change_profile'
     + r'(\s+' + RE_SAFE_OR_UNSAFE + ')?'  # optionally exec mode
     + r'(\s+' + RE_PROFILE_PATH_OR_VAR % 'execcond' + ')?'  # optionally exec condition
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ RE_PROFILE_CHANGE_PROFILE = re.compile(
 RE_PATH_PERMS = '(?P<%s>[mrwalkPUCpucix]+)'
 
 RE_PROFILE_FILE_ENTRY = re.compile(
-    RE_AUDIT_DENY
+    RE_PRIORITY_AUDIT_DENY
     + r'(?P<owner>owner\s+)?'  # optionally: <owner>
     + '('
         + '(?P<bare_file>file)'  # bare 'file,' # noqa: E131
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/__init__.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/__init__.py
index d0fdf80bc..8484efecd 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/__init__.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/__init__.py
@@ -41,8 +41,10 @@ class BaseRule(metaclass=ABCMeta):
     _match_re = None
 
     def __init__(self, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False,
-                 comment='', log_event=None):
+                 comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
         """initialize variables needed by all rule types"""
+
+        self._store_priority(priority)
         self.audit = audit
         self.deny = deny
         self.allow_keyword = allow_keyword
@@ -52,6 +54,21 @@ class BaseRule(metaclass=ABCMeta):
         # Set only in the parse() class method
         self.raw_rule = None
 
+    def _store_priority(self, priority):
+        if priority is None:  # default priority
+            self.priority = None
+            return
+
+        try:
+            ipriority = int(priority)
+        except ValueError:
+            raise AppArmorException("Invalid value for priority '%s'" % priority)
+
+        if ipriority < -1000 or ipriority > 1000:
+            raise AppArmorException('priority %d out of range' % (ipriority))
+
+        self.priority = ipriority
+
     def _aare_or_all(self, rulepart, partname, is_path, log_event, empty_ok=False):
         """checks rulepart and returns
            - (AARE, False) if rulepart is a (non-empty) string
@@ -233,7 +250,9 @@ class BaseRule(metaclass=ABCMeta):
         """compare if rule_obj == self
            Calls _is_equal_localvars() to compare rule-specific variables"""
 
-        if self.audit != rule_obj.audit or self.deny != rule_obj.deny:
+        if (self.priority != rule_obj.priority
+                or self.audit != rule_obj.audit
+                or self.deny != rule_obj.deny):
             return False
 
         if strict and (
@@ -282,6 +301,9 @@ class BaseRule(metaclass=ABCMeta):
         headers = []
         qualifier = []
 
+        if self.priority:
+            qualifier.append('priority=%s' % self.priority)
+
         if self.audit:
             qualifier.append('audit')
 
@@ -318,7 +340,12 @@ class BaseRule(metaclass=ABCMeta):
         raise NotImplementedError("'%s' needs to implement store_edit(), but didn't" % (str(self)))
 
     def modifiers_str(self):
-        """return the allow/deny and audit keyword as string, including whitespace"""
+        """return priority, allow/deny, and audit keyword as string, including whitespace"""
+
+        if self.priority is not None:
+            prioritystr = 'priority=%s ' % self.priority
+        else:
+            prioritystr = ''
 
         if self.audit:
             auditstr = 'audit '
@@ -332,7 +359,17 @@ class BaseRule(metaclass=ABCMeta):
         else:
             allowstr = ''
 
-        return '%s%s' % (auditstr, allowstr)
+        return '%s%s%s' % (prioritystr, auditstr, allowstr)
+
+    def ensure_modifiers_not_supported(self):
+        if self.audit:
+            raise AppArmorBug('Attempt to initialize %s with audit flag' % self.__class__.__name__)
+        if self.deny:
+            raise AppArmorBug('Attempt to initialize %s with deny flag' % self.__class__.__name__)
+        if self.allow_keyword:
+            raise AppArmorBug('Attempt to initialize %s with allow keyword' % self.__class__.__name__)
+        if self.priority is not None:
+            raise AppArmorBug('Attempt to initialize %s with priority' % self.__class__.__name__)
 
 
 class BaseRuleset:
@@ -565,9 +602,16 @@ def parse_comment(matches):
 
 
 def parse_modifiers(matches):
-    """returns audit, deny, allow_keyword and comment from the matches object
+    """returns priority, audit, deny, allow_keyword and comment from the
+    matches object
+       - priority is a number or None
        - audit, deny and allow_keyword are True/False
        - comment is the comment with a leading space"""
+
+    priority = None
+    if matches.group('priority'):
+        priority = int(matches.group('priority'))
+
     audit = False
     if matches.group('audit'):
         audit = True
@@ -586,7 +630,7 @@ def parse_modifiers(matches):
 
     comment = parse_comment(matches)
 
-    return (audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment)
+    return (priority, audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment)
 
 
 def quote_if_needed(data):
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/abi.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/abi.py
index 586db8428..d7bd974a5 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/abi.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/abi.py
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ class AbiRule(IncludeRule):
     _match_re = RE_ABI
 
     def __init__(self, path, ifexists, ismagic, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False,
-                 comment='', log_event=None):
+                 comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(path, ifexists, ismagic,
                          audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
-                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event)
+                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event, priority=priority)
 
         # abi doesn't support 'if exists'
         if ifexists:
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/alias.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/alias.py
index aca4c530a..d0fd440d6 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/alias.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/alias.py
@@ -27,16 +27,13 @@ class AliasRule(BaseRule):
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_ALIAS
 
     def __init__(self, orig_path, target, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False,
-                 comment='', log_event=None):
+                 comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
-                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event)
+                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event, priority=priority)
 
-        # aliases don't support audit or deny
-        if audit:
-            raise AppArmorBug('Attempt to initialize %s with audit flag' % self.__class__.__name__)
-        if deny:
-            raise AppArmorBug('Attempt to initialize %s with deny flag' % self.__class__.__name__)
+        # aliases don't support priority, allow keyword, audit or deny
+        self.ensure_modifiers_not_supported()
 
         if not isinstance(orig_path, str):
             raise AppArmorBug('Passed unknown type for orig_path to %s: %s' % (self.__class__.__name__, orig_path))
@@ -65,7 +62,7 @@ class AliasRule(BaseRule):
         target = strip_quotes(matches.group('target').strip())
 
         return cls(orig_path, target,
-                   audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False, comment=comment)
+                   audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False, comment=comment, priority=None)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         """return rule (in clean/default formatting)"""
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/all.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/all.py
index 4a859cfcc..b60781ed2 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/all.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/all.py
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ class AllRule(BaseRule):
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_ALL
 
     def __init__(self, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False,
-                 comment='', log_event=None):
+                 comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
-                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event)
+                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event, priority=priority)
 
         # no localvars -> nothing more to do
 
@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ class AllRule(BaseRule):
     def _create_instance(cls, raw_rule, matches):
         """parse raw_rule and return instance of this class"""
 
-        audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
+        priority, audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
 
         return cls(audit=audit, deny=deny,
                    allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
-                   comment=comment)
+                   comment=comment, priority=priority)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         """return rule (in clean/default formatting)"""
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/boolean.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/boolean.py
index 7d24ddda7..ec1b901e8 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/boolean.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/boolean.py
@@ -28,16 +28,13 @@ class BooleanRule(BaseRule):
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_BOOLEAN
 
     def __init__(self, varname, value, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False,
-                 comment='', log_event=None):
+                 comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
-                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event)
+                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event, priority=priority)
 
-        # boolean variables don't support audit or deny
-        if audit:
-            raise AppArmorBug('Attempt to initialize %s with audit flag' % self.__class__.__name__)
-        if deny:
-            raise AppArmorBug('Attempt to initialize %s with deny flag' % self.__class__.__name__)
+        # boolean variables don't support priority, allow keyword, audit or deny
+        self.ensure_modifiers_not_supported()
 
         if not isinstance(varname, str):
             raise AppArmorBug('Passed unknown type for boolean variable to %s: %s' % (self.__class__.__name__, varname))
@@ -66,7 +63,7 @@ class BooleanRule(BaseRule):
         value = matches.group('value')
 
         return cls(varname, value,
-                   audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False, comment=comment)
+                   audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False, comment=comment, priority=None)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         """return rule (in clean/default formatting)"""
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/capability.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/capability.py
index ce00eb839..0a21c6caf 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/capability.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/capability.py
@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@ class CapabilityRule(BaseRule):
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_CAP
 
     def __init__(self, cap_list, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False,
-                 comment='', log_event=None):
+                 comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
-                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event)
+                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event, priority=priority)
         # Because we support having multiple caps in one rule,
         # initializer needs to accept a list of caps.
         self.all_caps = False
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class CapabilityRule(BaseRule):
     def _create_instance(cls, raw_rule, matches):
         """parse raw_rule and return instance of this class"""
 
-        audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
+        priority, audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
 
         if matches.group('capability'):
             capability = matches.group('capability').strip()
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ class CapabilityRule(BaseRule):
 
         return cls(capability, audit=audit, deny=deny,
                    allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
-                   comment=comment)
+                   comment=comment, priority=priority)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         """return rule (in clean/default formatting)"""
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/change_profile.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/change_profile.py
index 70858891b..3f3722009 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/change_profile.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/change_profile.py
@@ -37,11 +37,11 @@ class ChangeProfileRule(BaseRule):
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_CHANGE_PROFILE
 
     def __init__(self, execmode, execcond, targetprofile, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False,
-                 comment='', log_event=None):
+                 comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
         """CHANGE_PROFILE RULE = 'change_profile' [ [ EXEC MODE ] EXEC COND ] [ -> PROGRAMCHILD ]"""
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
-                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event)
+                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event, priority=priority)
 
         if execmode:
             if execmode != 'safe' and execmode != 'unsafe':
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ class ChangeProfileRule(BaseRule):
     def _create_instance(cls, raw_rule, matches):
         """parse raw_rule and return instance of this class"""
 
-        audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
+        priority, audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
 
         execmode = matches.group('execmode')
 
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ class ChangeProfileRule(BaseRule):
             targetprofile = cls.ALL
 
         return cls(execmode, execcond, targetprofile,
-                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment)
+                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment, priority=priority)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         """return rule (in clean/default formatting)"""
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/dbus.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/dbus.py
index 4a6fd5293..e493601c6 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/dbus.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/dbus.py
@@ -80,10 +80,10 @@ class DbusRule(BaseRule):
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_DBUS
 
     def __init__(self, access, bus, path, name, interface, member, peername, peerlabel,
-                 audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False, comment='', log_event=None):
+                 audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False, comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
-                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event)
+                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event, priority=priority)
 
         self.access, self.all_access, unknown_items = check_and_split_list(access, access_keywords, self.ALL, type(self).__name__, 'access')
         if unknown_items:
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class DbusRule(BaseRule):
     def _create_instance(cls, raw_rule, matches):
         """parse raw_rule and return instance of this class"""
 
-        audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
+        priority, audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
 
         rule_details = ''
         if matches.group('details'):
@@ -186,7 +186,8 @@ class DbusRule(BaseRule):
             peerlabel = cls.ALL
 
         return cls(access, bus, path, name, interface, member, peername, peerlabel,
-                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment)
+                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment,
+                   priority=priority)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         """return rule (in clean/default formatting)"""
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/file.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/file.py
index 6a92a82da..17537e6d2 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/file.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/file.py
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class FileRule(BaseRule):
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_FILE_ENTRY
 
     def __init__(self, path, perms, exec_perms, target, owner, file_keyword=False, leading_perms=False,
-                 audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False, comment='', log_event=None):
+                 audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False, comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
         """Initialize object
 
            Parameters:
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class FileRule(BaseRule):
         """
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
-                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event)
+                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event, priority=priority)
 
         #                                              rulepart  partperms  is_path  log_event
         self.path,   self.all_paths   = self._aare_or_all(path,   'path',   True,  log_event)  # noqa: E221
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ class FileRule(BaseRule):
     def _create_instance(cls, raw_rule, matches):
         """parse raw_rule and return instance of this class"""
 
-        audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
+        priority, audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
 
         owner = bool(matches.group('owner'))
 
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ class FileRule(BaseRule):
         file_keyword = bool(matches.group('file_keyword'))
 
         return cls(path, perms, exec_perms, target, owner, file_keyword, leading_perms,
-                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment)
+                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment, priority=priority)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         """return rule (in clean/default formatting)"""
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/include.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/include.py
index 6ade58874..f786b13fd 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/include.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/include.py
@@ -28,16 +28,13 @@ class IncludeRule(BaseRule):
     _match_re = RE_INCLUDE
 
     def __init__(self, path, ifexists, ismagic, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False,
-                 comment='', log_event=None):
+                 comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
-                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event)
+                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event, priority=priority)
 
-        # include doesn't support audit or deny
-        if audit:
-            raise AppArmorBug('Attempt to initialize %s with audit flag' % self.__class__.__name__)
-        if deny:
-            raise AppArmorBug('Attempt to initialize %s with deny flag' % self.__class__.__name__)
+        # include doesn't support priority, allow keyword, audit or deny
+        self.ensure_modifiers_not_supported()
 
         if not isinstance(ifexists, bool):
             raise AppArmorBug('Passed unknown type for ifexists to %s: %s' % (self.__class__.__name__, ifexists))
@@ -62,7 +59,7 @@ class IncludeRule(BaseRule):
         path, ifexists, ismagic = re_match_include_parse(raw_rule, cls.rule_name)
 
         return cls(path, ifexists, ismagic,
-                   audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False, comment=comment)
+                   audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False, comment=comment, priority=None)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         """return rule (in clean/default formatting)"""
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/io_uring.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/io_uring.py
index 599f99e86..da88078c7 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/io_uring.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/io_uring.py
@@ -51,12 +51,12 @@ class IOUringRule(BaseRule):
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_IO_URING
 
     def __init__(self, access, label, audit=False, deny=False,
-                 allow_keyword=False, comment='', log_event=None):
+                 allow_keyword=False, comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny,
                          allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
                          comment=comment,
-                         log_event=log_event)
+                         log_event=log_event, priority=priority)
 
         self.access, self.all_access, unknown_items = check_and_split_list(access, access_keywords, self.ALL, type(self).__name__, 'access')
         if unknown_items:
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ class IOUringRule(BaseRule):
     def _create_instance(cls, raw_rule, matches):
         '''parse raw_rule and return instance of this class'''
 
-        audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
+        priority, audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
 
         rule_details = ''
         if matches.group('details'):
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ class IOUringRule(BaseRule):
             label = cls.ALL
 
         return cls(access, label, audit=audit, deny=deny,
-                   allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment)
+                   allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment, priority=priority)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         '''return rule (in clean/default formatting)'''
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/mount.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/mount.py
index 479f9ce3c..7bb3c8e01 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/mount.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/mount.py
@@ -112,12 +112,15 @@ class MountRule(BaseRule):
     rule_name = 'mount'
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_MOUNT
 
-    def __init__(self, operation, fstype, options, source, dest, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False, comment='', log_event=None):
+    def __init__(self, operation, fstype, options, source, dest,
+                 audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False,
+                 comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny,
                          allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
                          comment=comment,
-                         log_event=log_event)
+                         log_event=log_event,
+                         priority=priority)
 
         self.operation = operation
 
@@ -164,7 +167,7 @@ class MountRule(BaseRule):
     def _create_instance(cls, raw_rule, matches):
         '''parse raw_rule and return instance of this class'''
 
-        audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
+        priority, audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
 
         operation = matches.group('operation')
 
@@ -223,7 +226,9 @@ class MountRule(BaseRule):
             source = cls.ALL
             dest = cls.ALL
 
-        return cls(operation=operation, fstype=(is_fstype_equal, fstype), options=(is_options_equal, options), source=source, dest=dest, audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment)
+        return cls(operation=operation, fstype=(is_fstype_equal, fstype), options=(is_options_equal, options),
+                   source=source, dest=dest, audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment,
+                   priority=priority)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         space = '  ' * depth
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/mqueue.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/mqueue.py
index eca5fa36e..10c397dc3 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/mqueue.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/mqueue.py
@@ -62,12 +62,13 @@ class MessageQueueRule(BaseRule):
 
     def __init__(self, access, mqueue_type, label, mqueue_name,
                  audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False,
-                 comment='', log_event=None):
+                 comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny,
                          allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
                          comment=comment,
-                         log_event=log_event)
+                         log_event=log_event,
+                         priority=priority)
 
         self.access, self.all_access, unknown_items = check_and_split_list(access, access_keywords, self.ALL, type(self).__name__, 'access')
         if unknown_items:
@@ -92,7 +93,7 @@ class MessageQueueRule(BaseRule):
     def _create_instance(cls, raw_rule, matches):
         '''parse raw_rule and return instance of this class'''
 
-        audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
+        priority, audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
 
         rule_details = ''
         if matches.group('details'):
@@ -132,7 +133,7 @@ class MessageQueueRule(BaseRule):
             mqueue_name = cls.ALL
 
         return cls(access, mqueue_type, label, mqueue_name,
-                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment)
+                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment, priority=priority)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         '''return rule (in clean/default formatting)'''
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/network.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/network.py
index f788e1b9c..9239b6836 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/network.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/network.py
@@ -92,10 +92,10 @@ class NetworkRule(BaseRule):
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_NETWORK
 
     def __init__(self, accesses, domain, type_or_protocol, local_expr, peer_expr, audit=False, deny=False,
-                 allow_keyword=False, comment='', log_event=None):
+                 allow_keyword=False, comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
-                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event)
+                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event, priority=priority)
 
         if type(local_expr) is tuple:
             if accesses is None:
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ class NetworkRule(BaseRule):
     def _create_instance(cls, raw_rule, matches):
         """parse raw_rule and return instance of this class"""
 
-        audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
+        priority, audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
 
         rule_details = ''
         if matches.group('details'):
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ class NetworkRule(BaseRule):
             peer_expr = cls.ALL
 
         return cls(accesses, domain, type_or_protocol, local_expr, peer_expr,
-                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment)
+                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment, priority=priority)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         """return rule (in clean/default formatting)"""
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/pivot_root.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/pivot_root.py
index 06f951d0a..d270c1d49 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/pivot_root.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/pivot_root.py
@@ -47,12 +47,13 @@ class PivotRootRule(BaseRule):
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_PIVOT_ROOT
 
 #            PIVOT ROOT RULE = [ QUALIFIERS ] pivot_root [ oldroot=OLD PUT FILEGLOB ] [ NEW ROOT FILEGLOB ] [ ’->’ PROFILE NAME ]
-    def __init__(self, oldroot, newroot, profile_name, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False, comment='', log_event=None):
+    def __init__(self, oldroot, newroot, profile_name, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False,
+                 comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny,
                          allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
                          comment=comment,
-                         log_event=log_event)
+                         log_event=log_event, priority=priority)
 
         self.oldroot,      self.all_oldroots        = self._aare_or_all(oldroot,        'oldroot',        True,  log_event)  # noqa: E221
         self.newroot,      self.all_newroots        = self._aare_or_all(newroot,        'newroot',        True,  log_event)  # noqa: E221
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ class PivotRootRule(BaseRule):
     def _create_instance(cls, raw_rule, matches):
         '''parse raw_rule and return instance of this class'''
 
-        audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
+        priority, audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
 
         rule_details = ''
         if matches.group('details'):
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@ class PivotRootRule(BaseRule):
             profile_name = cls.ALL
 
         return cls(oldroot=oldroot, newroot=newroot, profile_name=profile_name,
-                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment)
+                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment, priority=priority)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         space = '  ' * depth
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/ptrace.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/ptrace.py
index 8ec41f1a0..4b0584023 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/ptrace.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/ptrace.py
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ class PtraceRule(BaseRule):
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_PTRACE
 
     def __init__(self, access, peer, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False,
-                 comment='', log_event=None):
+                 comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
-                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event)
+                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event, priority=priority)
 
         self.access, self.all_access, unknown_items = check_and_split_list(
             access, access_keywords, self.ALL, type(self).__name__, 'access')
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class PtraceRule(BaseRule):
     def _create_instance(cls, raw_rule, matches):
         """parse raw_rule and return instance of this class"""
 
-        audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
+        priority, audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
 
         rule_details = ''
         if matches.group('details'):
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ class PtraceRule(BaseRule):
             peer = cls.ALL
 
         return cls(access, peer,
-                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment)
+                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment, priority=priority)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         """return rule (in clean/default formatting)"""
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/rlimit.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/rlimit.py
index 4bc810563..a4d8c8386 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/rlimit.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/rlimit.py
@@ -49,13 +49,13 @@ class RlimitRule(BaseRule):
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_RLIMIT
 
     def __init__(self, rlimit, value, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False,
-                 comment='', log_event=None):
+                 comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
-                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event)
+                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event, priority=priority)
 
-        if audit or deny or allow_keyword:
-            raise AppArmorBug('The audit, allow or deny keywords are not allowed in rlimit rules.')
+        # rlimit rules don't support priority, allow keyword, audit or deny
+        self.ensure_modifiers_not_supported()
 
         if isinstance(rlimit, str):
             if rlimit in rlimit_all:
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/signal.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/signal.py
index e803ec223..4cf159f8d 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/signal.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/signal.py
@@ -78,10 +78,10 @@ class SignalRule(BaseRule):
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_SIGNAL
 
     def __init__(self, access, signal, peer, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False,
-                 comment='', log_event=None):
+                 comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
-                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event)
+                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event, priority=priority)
 
         self.access, self.all_access, unknown_items = check_and_split_list(
             access, access_keywords, self.ALL, type(self).__name__, 'access')
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ class SignalRule(BaseRule):
     def _create_instance(cls, raw_rule, matches):
         """parse raw_rule and return instance of this class"""
 
-        audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
+        priority, audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
 
         rule_details = ''
         if matches.group('details'):
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ class SignalRule(BaseRule):
             peer = cls.ALL
 
         return cls(access, signal, peer,
-                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment)
+                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment, priority=priority)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         """return rule (in clean/default formatting)"""
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/unix.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/unix.py
index 8be505995..e7675070b 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/unix.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/unix.py
@@ -65,12 +65,14 @@ class UnixRule(BaseRule):
     rule_name = 'unix'
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_UNIX
 
-    def __init__(self, accesses, rule_conds, local_expr, peer_expr, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False, comment='', log_event=None):
+    def __init__(self, accesses, rule_conds, local_expr, peer_expr, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False,
+                 comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny,
                          allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
                          comment=comment,
-                         log_event=log_event)
+                         log_event=log_event,
+                         priority=priority)
 
         if type(rule_conds) is tuple:  # This comes from the logparser, we convert it to dicts
             accesses = strip_parenthesis(accesses).replace(',', ' ').split()
@@ -96,7 +98,7 @@ class UnixRule(BaseRule):
     def _create_instance(cls, raw_rule, matches):
         '''parse raw_rule and return instance of this class'''
 
-        audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
+        priority, audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
 
         rule_details = ''
         if matches.group('details'):
@@ -124,7 +126,8 @@ class UnixRule(BaseRule):
             local_expr = cls.ALL
             peer_expr = cls.ALL
 
-        return cls(accesses=accesses, rule_conds=rule_conds, local_expr=local_expr, peer_expr=peer_expr, audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment)
+        return cls(accesses=accesses, rule_conds=rule_conds, local_expr=local_expr, peer_expr=peer_expr,
+                   audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment, priority=priority)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         space = '  ' * depth
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/userns.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/userns.py
index 2fc1df89b..5e3623463 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/userns.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/userns.py
@@ -44,12 +44,13 @@ class UserNamespaceRule(BaseRule):
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_USERNS
 
     def __init__(self, access, audit=False, deny=False,
-                 allow_keyword=False, comment='', log_event=None):
+                 allow_keyword=False, comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny,
                          allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
                          comment=comment,
-                         log_event=log_event)
+                         log_event=log_event,
+                         priority=priority)
 
         self.access, self.all_access, unknown_items = check_and_split_list(access, access_keyword, self.ALL, type(self).__name__, 'access')
         if unknown_items:
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ class UserNamespaceRule(BaseRule):
     def _create_instance(cls, raw_rule, matches):
         '''parse raw_rule and return instance of this class'''
 
-        audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
+        priority, audit, deny, allow_keyword, comment = parse_modifiers(matches)
 
         rule_details = ''
         if matches.group('details'):
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ class UserNamespaceRule(BaseRule):
             access = cls.ALL
 
         return cls(access, audit=audit, deny=deny,
-                   allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment)
+                   allow_keyword=allow_keyword, comment=comment, priority=priority)
 
     @staticmethod
     def hashlog_from_event(hl, e):
diff --git a/utils/apparmor/rule/variable.py b/utils/apparmor/rule/variable.py
index 52d63dd95..a88fc42de 100644
--- a/utils/apparmor/rule/variable.py
+++ b/utils/apparmor/rule/variable.py
@@ -30,16 +30,13 @@ class VariableRule(BaseRule):
     _match_re = RE_PROFILE_VARIABLE
 
     def __init__(self, varname, mode, values, audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False,
-                 comment='', log_event=None):
+                 comment='', log_event=None, priority=None):
 
         super().__init__(audit=audit, deny=deny, allow_keyword=allow_keyword,
-                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event)
+                         comment=comment, log_event=log_event, priority=priority)
 
-        # variables don't support audit or deny
-        if audit:
-            raise AppArmorBug('Attempt to initialize %s with audit flag' % self.__class__.__name__)
-        if deny:
-            raise AppArmorBug('Attempt to initialize %s with deny flag' % self.__class__.__name__)
+        # variables don't support priority, allow keyword, audit or deny
+        self.ensure_modifiers_not_supported()
 
         if not isinstance(varname, str):
             raise AppArmorBug('Passed unknown type for varname to %s: %s' % (self.__class__.__name__, varname))
@@ -73,7 +70,7 @@ class VariableRule(BaseRule):
         values = separate_vars(matches.group('values'))
 
         return cls(varname, mode, values,
-                   audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False, comment=comment)
+                   audit=False, deny=False, allow_keyword=False, comment=comment, priority=None)
 
     def get_clean(self, depth=0):
         """return rule (in clean/default formatting)"""
diff --git a/utils/test/test-alias.py b/utils/test/test-alias.py
index 74f72bcc7..ea9ed47cb 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-alias.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-alias.py
@@ -30,10 +30,11 @@ exp = namedtuple('exp', ('comment', 'orig_path', 'target'))
 
 class AliasTest(AATest):
     def _compare_obj(self, obj, expected):
-        # aliases don't support the allow, audit or deny keyword
+        # aliases don't support the allow, audit, deny, or priority keyword
         self.assertEqual(False, obj.allow_keyword)
         self.assertEqual(False, obj.audit)
         self.assertEqual(False, obj.deny)
+        self.assertEqual(None, obj.priority)
 
         self.assertEqual(expected.orig_path, obj.orig_path)
         self.assertEqual(expected.target, obj.target)
@@ -114,6 +115,14 @@ class InvalidAliasInit(AATest):
         with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
             AliasRule('/foo', '/bar', deny=True)
 
+    def test_invalid_priority_1(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
+            AliasRule('/foo', '/bar', priority=1)
+
+    def test_invalid_priority_2(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
+            AliasRule('/foo', '/bar', priority=0)
+
 
 class InvalidAliasTest(AATest):
     def _check_invalid_rawrule(self, rawrule, matches_regex=False):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-all.py b/utils/test/test-all.py
index 476291df1..71eeb3267 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-all.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-all.py
@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ class WriteAllTestAATest(AATest):
         ('   deny all             ,# foo bar',          'deny all, # foo bar'),
         ('   allow all        ,# foo bar',              'allow all, # foo bar'),
         ('   allow all   ,',                            'allow all,'),
+        ('   priority =  -2 allow all   ,',             'priority=-2 allow all,'),
     )
 
     def _run_test(self, rawrule, expected):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-baserule.py b/utils/test/test-baserule.py
index 83ef17321..b3477dd21 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-baserule.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-baserule.py
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ class TestBaserule(AATest):
             self.ValidSubclass.match('foo')
 
     def test_parse_modifiers_invalid(self):
-        regex = re.compile(r'^\s*(?P<audit>audit\s+)?(?P<allow>allow\s+|deny\s+|invalid\s+)?')
+        regex = re.compile(r'^\s*(priority\s*=\s*(?P<priority>[+-]?[0-9]*)\s+)?(?P<audit>audit\s+)?(?P<allow>allow\s+|deny\s+|invalid\s+)?')
         matches = regex.search('audit invalid ')
 
         with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-boolean.py b/utils/test/test-boolean.py
index fc746f1b4..d6bce0e47 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-boolean.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-boolean.py
@@ -30,10 +30,11 @@ exp = namedtuple('exp', ('comment', 'varname', 'value'))
 
 class BooleanTest(AATest):
     def _compare_obj(self, obj, expected):
-        # boolean variables don't support the allow, audit or deny keyword
+        # boolean variables don't support the allow, audit, deny, or priority keyword
         self.assertEqual(False, obj.allow_keyword)
         self.assertEqual(False, obj.audit)
         self.assertEqual(False, obj.deny)
+        self.assertEqual(None, obj.priority)
 
         self.assertEqual(expected.varname, obj.varname)
         self.assertEqual(expected.value, obj.value)
@@ -122,6 +123,14 @@ class InvalidBooleanInit(AATest):
         with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
             BooleanRule('$foo', 'true', deny=True)
 
+    def test_invalid_priority_1(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
+            BooleanRule('$foo', 'true', priority=-100)
+
+    def test_invalid_priority_2(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
+            BooleanRule('$foo', 'true', priority=0)
+
 
 class InvalidBooleanTest(AATest):
     def _check_invalid_rawrule(self, rawrule, matches_regex=False):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-capability.py b/utils/test/test-capability.py
index 1858df745..666f48cc8 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-capability.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-capability.py
@@ -314,6 +314,18 @@ class WriteCapabilityTest(AATest):
         self.assertEqual(expected, obj.get_clean(2), 'unexpected clean rule')
         self.assertEqual(expected, obj.get_raw(2), 'unexpected raw rule')
 
+    def test_write_priority_1(self):
+        self._check_write_rule('    priority  = 923   audit     capability sys_admin,', 'priority=923 audit capability sys_admin,')
+
+    def test_write_priority_2(self):
+        self._check_write_rule('    priority  = 0     audit     capability sys_admin,', 'priority=0 audit capability sys_admin,')
+
+    def test_write_priority_3(self):
+        self._check_write_rule('    priority=-12      audit     capability sys_admin,', 'priority=-12 audit capability sys_admin,')
+
+    def test_write_priority_4(self):
+        self._check_write_rule('    priority=+99      audit     capability sys_admin,', 'priority=99 audit capability sys_admin,')
+
 
 class CapabilityCoveredTest(AATest):
     def _is_covered(self, obj, rule_to_test):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-change_profile.py b/utils/test/test-change_profile.py
index 272894838..0263a6c00 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-change_profile.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-change_profile.py
@@ -225,6 +225,10 @@ class WriteChangeProfileTestAATest(AATest):
         ('   allow change_profile   ->    /bar     ,# foo bar',             'allow change_profile -> /bar, # foo bar'),
         ('   allow change_profile   unsafe  /** ->    /bar     ,# foo bar', 'allow change_profile unsafe /** -> /bar, # foo bar'),
         ('   allow change_profile   "/fo o" ->    "/b ar",',                'allow change_profile "/fo o" -> "/b ar",'),
+        (' priority=9     audit deny     change_profile /foo -> baz,',      'priority=9 audit deny change_profile /foo -> baz,'),
+        (' priority = 0   audit deny     change_profile /foo -> baz,',      'priority=0 audit deny change_profile /foo -> baz,'),
+        (' priority=-54   audit deny     change_profile /foo -> baz,',      'priority=-54 audit deny change_profile /foo -> baz,'),
+        (' priority=+42   audit deny     change_profile /foo -> baz,',      'priority=42 audit deny change_profile /foo -> baz,'),
     )
 
     def _run_test(self, rawrule, expected):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-dbus.py b/utils/test/test-dbus.py
index 9273024a8..e7c8f1468 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-dbus.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-dbus.py
@@ -419,6 +419,10 @@ class WriteDbusTest(AATest):
         ('dbus receive peer=(label=foo),',                                   'dbus receive peer=(label=foo),'),
         ('dbus (send receive) peer=(name=/usr/bin/bar),',                    'dbus (receive send) peer=(name=/usr/bin/bar),'),
         ('dbus (,  receive  ,,, send  ,) interface=/sbin/baz,',              'dbus (receive send) interface=/sbin/baz,'),  # XXX leading and trailing ',' inside (...) causes error
+        ('  priority=123 deny dbus         send      interface = ( foo ),',  'priority=123 deny dbus send interface=foo,'),
+        ('  priority=0   deny dbus         send      interface = ( foo ),',  'priority=0 deny dbus send interface=foo,'),
+        ('  priority=-72 deny dbus         send      interface = ( foo ),',  'priority=-72 deny dbus send interface=foo,'),
+        ('  priority=+834 deny dbus         send      interface = ( foo ),', 'priority=834 deny dbus send interface=foo,'),
         # XXX add more complex rules
     )
 
diff --git a/utils/test/test-file.py b/utils/test/test-file.py
index 20b585c7b..b73990434 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-file.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-file.py
@@ -415,6 +415,10 @@ class WriteFileTest(AATest):
         ('                   /foo r,',                   '/foo r,'),
         ('                   /foo  lwr,',                '/foo rwl,'),
         ('                   /foo Pxrm -> bar,',         '/foo mrPx -> bar,'),
+        ('  priority=-1      /foo Pxrm -> bar,',         'priority=-1 /foo mrPx -> bar,'),
+        ('  priority=0       /foo Pxrm -> bar,',         'priority=0 /foo mrPx -> bar,'),
+        ('  priority=343     /foo Pxrm -> bar,',         'priority=343 /foo mrPx -> bar,'),
+        ('  priority=+65     /foo Pxrm -> bar,',         'priority=65 /foo mrPx -> bar,'),
 
         # with leading permissions
         ('    audit     file r      /foo,',              'audit file r /foo,'),
@@ -432,11 +436,19 @@ class WriteFileTest(AATest):
         ('                   r      /foo ,',             'r /foo,'),
         ('                   klwr   /foo  ,',            'rwlk /foo,'),
         ('                   Pxrm   /foo -> bar,',       'mrPx /foo -> bar,'),
+        ('    priority=1     Pxrm   /foo -> bar,',       'priority=1 mrPx /foo -> bar,'),
+        ('    priority=0     Pxrm   /foo -> bar,',       'priority=0 mrPx /foo -> bar,'),
+        ('    priority=-22   Pxrm   /foo -> bar,',       'priority=-22 mrPx /foo -> bar,'),
+        ('    priority=+78   Pxrm   /foo -> bar,',       'priority=78 mrPx /foo -> bar,'),
 
         # link rules
         ('  link    /foo    ->  /bar,',                  'link /foo -> /bar,'),
         ('  audit deny owner link subset /foo -> /bar,', 'audit deny owner link subset /foo -> /bar,'),
-        ('                   link subset /foo -> /bar,', 'link subset /foo -> /bar,')
+        ('                   link subset /foo -> /bar,', 'link subset /foo -> /bar,'),
+        ('  priority=0  link    /foo    ->  /bar,',       'priority=0 link /foo -> /bar,'),
+        ('  priority=12 link    /foo    ->  /bar,',       'priority=12 link /foo -> /bar,'),
+        ('  priority=-1 link    /foo    ->  /bar,',       'priority=-1 link /foo -> /bar,'),
+        ('  priority=+4 link    /foo    ->  /bar,',       'priority=4 link /foo -> /bar,'),
     )
 
     def test_write_manually_1(self):
@@ -844,21 +856,23 @@ class FileSeverityTest(AATest):
 class FileLogprofHeaderTest(AATest):
     tests = (
         # log event                        old perms ALL / owner
-        (('file,',                             set(),    set()),     [                              _('Path'), _('ALL'),                                _('New Mode'), _('ALL')]),  # noqa: E201
-        (('/foo r,',                           set(),    set()),     [                              _('Path'), '/foo',                                  _('New Mode'), 'r']),  # noqa: E201
-        (('file /bar Px -> foo,',              set(),    set()),     [                              _('Path'), '/bar',                                  _('New Mode'), 'Px -> foo']),  # noqa: E201
-        (('deny file,',                        set(),    set()),     [_('Qualifier'), 'deny',       _('Path'), _('ALL'),                                _('New Mode'), _('ALL')]),
-        (('allow file /baz rwk,',              set(),    set()),     [_('Qualifier'), 'allow',      _('Path'), '/baz',                                  _('New Mode'), 'rwk']),
-        (('audit file /foo mr,',               set(),    set()),     [_('Qualifier'), 'audit',      _('Path'), '/foo',                                  _('New Mode'), 'mr']),
-        (('audit deny /foo wk,',               set(),    set()),     [_('Qualifier'), 'audit deny', _('Path'), '/foo',                                  _('New Mode'), 'wk']),
-        (('owner file /foo ix,',               set(),    set()),     [                              _('Path'), '/foo',                                  _('New Mode'), 'owner ix']),  # noqa: E201
-        (('audit deny file /foo rlx -> /baz,', set(),    set()),     [_('Qualifier'), 'audit deny', _('Path'), '/foo',                                  _('New Mode'), 'rlx -> /baz']),
-        (('/foo rw,',                          set('r'), set()),     [                              _('Path'), '/foo', _('Old Mode'), _('r'),           _('New Mode'), 'rw']),  # noqa: E201
-        (('/foo rw,',                          set(),    set('rw')), [                              _('Path'), '/foo', _('Old Mode'), _('owner rw'),    _('New Mode'), 'rw']),  # noqa: E201
-        (('/foo mrw,',                         set('r'), set('k')),  [                              _('Path'), '/foo', _('Old Mode'), _('r + owner k'), _('New Mode'), 'mrw']),  # noqa: E201
-        (('/foo mrw,',                         set('r'), set('rk')), [                              _('Path'), '/foo', _('Old Mode'), _('r + owner k'), _('New Mode'), 'mrw']),  # noqa: E201
-        (('link /foo -> /bar,',                set(),    set()),     [                              _('Path'), '/foo',                                  _('New Mode'), 'link -> /bar']),  # noqa: E201
-        (('link subset /foo -> /bar,',         set(),    set()),     [                              _('Path'), '/foo',                                  _('New Mode'), 'link subset -> /bar']),  # noqa: E201
+        (('file,',                             set(),    set()),     [                                     _('Path'), _('ALL'),                                _('New Mode'), _('ALL')]),  # noqa: E201
+        (('/foo r,',                           set(),    set()),     [                                     _('Path'), '/foo',                                  _('New Mode'), 'r']),  # noqa: E201
+        (('file /bar Px -> foo,',              set(),    set()),     [                                     _('Path'), '/bar',                                  _('New Mode'), 'Px -> foo']),  # noqa: E201
+        (('deny file,',                        set(),    set()),     [_('Qualifier'), 'deny',              _('Path'), _('ALL'),                                _('New Mode'), _('ALL')]),
+        (('allow file /baz rwk,',              set(),    set()),     [_('Qualifier'), 'allow',             _('Path'), '/baz',                                  _('New Mode'), 'rwk']),
+        (('audit file /foo mr,',               set(),    set()),     [_('Qualifier'), 'audit',             _('Path'), '/foo',                                  _('New Mode'), 'mr']),
+        (('audit deny /foo wk,',               set(),    set()),     [_('Qualifier'), 'audit deny',        _('Path'), '/foo',                                  _('New Mode'), 'wk']),
+        (('priority=1 file,',                  set(),    set()),     [_('Qualifier'), 'priority=1',        _('Path'), _('ALL'),                                _('New Mode'), _('ALL')]),
+        (('priority=-1 audit file /foo mr,',   set(),    set()),     [_('Qualifier'), 'priority=-1 audit', _('Path'), '/foo',                                  _('New Mode'), 'mr']),
+        (('owner file /foo ix,',               set(),    set()),     [                                     _('Path'), '/foo',                                  _('New Mode'), 'owner ix']),  # noqa: E201
+        (('audit deny file /foo rlx -> /baz,', set(),    set()),     [_('Qualifier'), 'audit deny',        _('Path'), '/foo',                                  _('New Mode'), 'rlx -> /baz']),
+        (('/foo rw,',                          set('r'), set()),     [                                     _('Path'), '/foo', _('Old Mode'), _('r'),           _('New Mode'), 'rw']),  # noqa: E201
+        (('/foo rw,',                          set(),    set('rw')), [                                     _('Path'), '/foo', _('Old Mode'), _('owner rw'),    _('New Mode'), 'rw']),  # noqa: E201
+        (('/foo mrw,',                         set('r'), set('k')),  [                                     _('Path'), '/foo', _('Old Mode'), _('r + owner k'), _('New Mode'), 'mrw']),  # noqa: E201
+        (('/foo mrw,',                         set('r'), set('rk')), [                                     _('Path'), '/foo', _('Old Mode'), _('r + owner k'), _('New Mode'), 'mrw']),  # noqa: E201
+        (('link /foo -> /bar,',                set(),    set()),     [                                     _('Path'), '/foo',                                  _('New Mode'), 'link -> /bar']),  # noqa: E201
+        (('link subset /foo -> /bar,',         set(),    set()),     [                                     _('Path'), '/foo',                                  _('New Mode'), 'link subset -> /bar']),  # noqa: E201
     )
 
     def _run_test(self, params, expected):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-include.py b/utils/test/test-include.py
index db67adafa..9c1bf7039 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-include.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-include.py
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ class IncludeTest(AATest):
         self.assertEqual(False, obj.allow_keyword)  # not supported in include rules, expected to be always False
         self.assertEqual(False, obj.audit)          # not supported in include rules, expected to be always False
         self.assertEqual(False, obj.deny)           # not supported in include rules, expected to be always False
+        self.assertEqual(None, obj.priority)        # not supported in include rules, expected to be always None
         self.assertEqual(expected.comment, obj.comment)
 
         self.assertEqual(expected.path, obj.path)
@@ -159,6 +160,10 @@ class InvalidIncludeInit(AATest):
         with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
             IncludeRule('foo', False, False, deny=True)
 
+    def test_priority_true(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
+            IncludeRule('foo', False, False, priority=0)
+
 
 class InvalidIncludeTest(AATest):
     def _check_invalid_rawrule(self, rawrule, matches_regex=False):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-io_uring.py b/utils/test/test-io_uring.py
index f4763495c..957956d5f 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-io_uring.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-io_uring.py
@@ -64,10 +64,10 @@ class IOUringTestParseInvalid(AATest):
             IOUringRule.create_instance('foo,')
 
     def test_diff_non_iouringrule(self):
-        exp = namedtuple('exp', ('audit', 'deny'))
+        exp = namedtuple('exp', ('audit', 'deny', 'priority'))
         obj = IOUringRule(('sqpoll'), IOUringRule.ALL)
         with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
-            obj.is_equal(exp(False, False), False)
+            obj.is_equal(exp(False, False, None), False)
 
     def test_diff_access(self):
         obj1 = IOUringRule(IOUringRule.ALL, IOUringRule.ALL)
@@ -124,6 +124,10 @@ class WriteIOUringTestAATest(AATest):
         ('io_uring sqpoll label="tst",',                             'io_uring sqpoll label="tst",'),
         ('io_uring (override_creds) label=bar,',                     'io_uring override_creds label=bar,'),
         ('io_uring (sqpoll override_creds) label=/foo,',             'io_uring (override_creds sqpoll) label=/foo,'),
+        (' priority=1   deny io_uring  override_creds  ,# foo bar',  'priority=1 deny io_uring override_creds, # foo bar'),
+        (' priority=0   deny io_uring  override_creds  ,# foo bar',  'priority=0 deny io_uring override_creds, # foo bar'),
+        (' priority=-23 deny io_uring  override_creds  ,# foo bar',  'priority=-23 deny io_uring override_creds, # foo bar'),
+        (' priority=+21 deny io_uring  override_creds  ,# foo bar',  'priority=21 deny io_uring override_creds, # foo bar'),
     )
 
     def _run_test(self, rawrule, expected):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-modifiers.py b/utils/test/test-modifiers.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..36d773e54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/utils/test/test-modifiers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#! /usr/bin/python3
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+#    Copyright (C) 2025 Canonical Ltd.
+#
+#    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+#    modify it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public
+#    License as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+#
+#    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+#    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+#    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+#    GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+import unittest
+
+from apparmor.common import AppArmorException
+from apparmor.rule.capability import CapabilityRule
+from apparmor.rule.change_profile import ChangeProfileRule
+from apparmor.rule.dbus import DbusRule
+from apparmor.rule.file import FileRule
+from apparmor.rule.io_uring import IOUringRule
+from apparmor.rule.mount import MountRule
+from apparmor.rule.mqueue import MessageQueueRule
+from apparmor.rule.network import NetworkRule
+from apparmor.rule.pivot_root import PivotRootRule
+from apparmor.rule.ptrace import PtraceRule
+from apparmor.rule.signal import SignalRule
+from apparmor.rule.unix import UnixRule
+from apparmor.rule.userns import UserNamespaceRule
+from apparmor.rule.all import AllRule
+from common_test import AATest, setup_all_loops
+
+
+class TestInvalid_parse_priority(AATest):
+    tests = (
+        ((CapabilityRule, 'priority=a capability,'), AppArmorException),
+        ((DbusRule, 'priority=a dbus,'), AppArmorException),
+        ((MountRule, 'priority=a mount,'), AppArmorException),
+        ((MountRule, 'priority=a umount,'), AppArmorException),
+        ((MountRule, 'priority=a unmount,'), AppArmorException),
+        ((MountRule, 'priority=a remount,'), AppArmorException),
+        ((SignalRule, 'priority=a signal,'), AppArmorException),
+        ((PtraceRule, 'priority=a ptrace,'), AppArmorException),
+        ((PivotRootRule, 'priority=a pivot_root,'), AppArmorException),
+        ((UnixRule, 'priority=a unix,'), AppArmorException),
+        ((NetworkRule, 'priority=a network,'), AppArmorException),
+        ((UserNamespaceRule, 'priority=a userns,'), AppArmorException),
+        ((MessageQueueRule, 'priority=a mqueue,'), AppArmorException),
+        ((IOUringRule, 'priority=a io_uring,'), AppArmorException),
+        ((ChangeProfileRule, 'priority=a change_profile,'), AppArmorException),
+        ((FileRule, 'priority=a file,'), AppArmorException),
+        ((AllRule, 'priority=a all,'), AppArmorException),
+    )
+
+    def _run_test(self, params, expected):
+        rule_cls, rule = params
+        with self.assertRaises(expected):
+            rule_cls.create_instance(rule)  # Invalid rule
+
+
+class TestInvalid_init_priority(AATest):
+    tests = (
+        ((CapabilityRule, (CapabilityRule.ALL,)), AppArmorException),
+        ((DbusRule, (DbusRule.ALL,) * 8), AppArmorException),
+        ((MountRule, (MountRule.ALL,) * 5), AppArmorException),
+        ((SignalRule, (SignalRule.ALL,) * 3), AppArmorException),
+        ((PtraceRule, (PtraceRule.ALL,) * 2), AppArmorException),
+        ((PivotRootRule, (PivotRootRule.ALL,) * 3), AppArmorException),
+        ((UnixRule, (UnixRule.ALL,) * 4), AppArmorException),
+        ((NetworkRule, (NetworkRule.ALL,) * 5), AppArmorException),
+        ((UserNamespaceRule, (UserNamespaceRule.ALL,) * 1), AppArmorException),
+        ((MessageQueueRule, (MessageQueueRule.ALL,) * 4), AppArmorException),
+        ((IOUringRule, (IOUringRule.ALL,) * 2), AppArmorException),
+        ((ChangeProfileRule, (ChangeProfileRule.ALL,) * 3), AppArmorException),
+        ((FileRule, (FileRule.ALL,) * 5), AppArmorException),
+        ((AllRule, ()), AppArmorException),
+    )
+
+    def _run_test(self, params, expected):
+        rule_cls, args = params
+        with self.assertRaises(expected):
+            rule_cls(*args, priority="invalid")  # ValueError
+
+
+setup_all_loops(__name__)
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main(verbosity=1)
diff --git a/utils/test/test-mount.py b/utils/test/test-mount.py
index 9b2aa4d9f..60676deb5 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-mount.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-mount.py
@@ -123,10 +123,10 @@ class MountTestParseInvalid(AATest):
             MountRule.create_instance('foo,')
 
     def test_diff_non_mountrule(self):
-        exp = namedtuple('exp', ('audit', 'deny'))
+        exp = namedtuple('exp', ('audit', 'deny', 'priority'))
         obj = MountRule('mount', ('=', ['ext4']), MountRule.ALL, MountRule.ALL, MountRule.ALL)
         with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
-            obj.is_equal(exp(False, False), False)
+            obj.is_equal(exp(False, False, None), False)
 
     def test_diff_invalid_fstype_equals_or_in(self):
         with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
@@ -230,6 +230,12 @@ class MountTestClean(AATest):
         ('     umount                                                            /foo           ,           ', 'umount /foo,'),
         ('     remount                                                                          ,           ', 'remount,'),
         ('     remount                                                           /foo           ,           ', 'remount /foo,'),
+        ('priority =1 mount     ""   -> /foo                                                    ,           ', 'priority=1 mount "" -> /foo,'),
+        ('priority=0 audit  mount  "/f /b" -> "/foo bar"                                        ,           ', 'priority=0 audit mount "/f /b" -> "/foo bar",'),
+        (' priority  =  +10   umount                                                            ,           ', 'priority=10 umount,'),
+        (' priority=-2    deny    umount                                         /foo           ,           ', 'priority=-2 deny umount /foo,'),
+        ('priority= 32    audit  deny     remount                                               ,           ', 'priority=32 audit deny remount,'),
+        (' priority = -32    remount                                             /foo           ,           ', 'priority=-32 remount /foo,'),
     )
 
     def _run_test(self, rawrule, expected):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-mqueue.py b/utils/test/test-mqueue.py
index c737726f3..1f6199c07 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-mqueue.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-mqueue.py
@@ -77,10 +77,10 @@ class MessageQueueTestParseInvalid(AATest):
             MessageQueueRule.create_instance('foo,')
 
     def test_diff_non_mqueuerule(self):
-        exp = namedtuple('exp', ('audit', 'deny'))
+        exp = namedtuple('exp', ('audit', 'deny', 'priority'))
         obj = MessageQueueRule(('open'), 'posix', 'bar', '/foo')
         with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
-            obj.is_equal(exp(False, False), False)
+            obj.is_equal(exp(False, False, None), False)
 
     def test_diff_access(self):
         obj1 = MessageQueueRule(('open'), 'posix', 'bar', '/foo')
@@ -171,6 +171,10 @@ class WriteMessageQueueTestAATest(AATest):
         ('mqueue wr label=tst 1234,',                             'mqueue wr label=tst 1234,'),
         ('mqueue wr  type=sysv   label=tst 1234,',                'mqueue wr type=sysv label=tst 1234,'),
         ('mqueue wr   type=posix label=tst /foo,',                'mqueue wr type=posix label=tst /foo,'),
+        ('  priority = -82 mqueue getattr /foo,',                 'priority=-82 mqueue getattr /foo,'),
+        ('  priority =  12 audit mqueue (setattr getattr) 1234,', 'priority=12 audit mqueue (getattr setattr) 1234,'),
+        ('  priority=0 mqueue getattr /foo,',                     'priority=0 mqueue getattr /foo,'),
+        ('  priority=+82 mqueue getattr /foo,',                   'priority=82 mqueue getattr /foo,'),
     )
 
     def _run_test(self, rawrule, expected):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-network.py b/utils/test/test-network.py
index db3b341e8..a74fa32c2 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-network.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-network.py
@@ -286,6 +286,10 @@ class WriteNetworkTestAATest(AATest):
         ('   network     stream    peer  =  (  ip=::1  port=22  )  ,',       'network stream peer=(ip=::1 port=22),'),
         ('   network   (  bind , listen  ) stream  ip  =  ::1 port  = 22 ,', 'network (bind, listen) stream ip=::1 port=22,'),
         ('   allow network         tcp      ,# foo bar',                     'allow network tcp, # foo bar'),
+        (' priority =  -02  allow network         tcp      ,# foo bar',       'priority=-2 allow network tcp, # foo bar'),
+        (' priority = 0     allow network         tcp      ,# foo bar',       'priority=0 allow network tcp, # foo bar'),
+        (' priority = 43    allow network         tcp      ,# foo bar',       'priority=43 allow network tcp, # foo bar'),
+        (' priority=+123    allow network         tcp      ,# foo bar',       'priority=123 allow network tcp, # foo bar'),
 
     )
 
diff --git a/utils/test/test-parser-simple-tests.py b/utils/test/test-parser-simple-tests.py
index 154c5e28d..04e03fb68 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-parser-simple-tests.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-parser-simple-tests.py
@@ -35,9 +35,6 @@ skip_startswith = (
 
     # Pux and Cux (which actually mean PUx and CUx) get rejected by the tools
     'generated_x/exact-',
-
-    # don't handle rule priorities yet
-    'file/priority/',
 )
 
 # testcases that should raise an exception, but don't
@@ -246,11 +243,16 @@ unknown_line = (
     'file/ok_other_1.sd',
     'file/ok_other_2.sd',
     'file/ok_other_3.sd',
+    'file/priority/ok_other_1.sd',
+    'file/priority/ok_other_2.sd',
+    'file/priority/ok_other_3.sd',
 
     # 'unsafe' keyword
     'file/file/front_perms_ok_2.sd',
     'file/front_perms_ok_2.sd',
     'xtrans/simple_ok_cx_1.sd',
+    'file/priority/front_perms_ok_3.sd',
+    'file/priority/front_perms_ok_4.sd',
 
     # owner / audit {...} blocks
     'file/file/owner/ok_1.sd',
@@ -355,6 +357,9 @@ syntax_failure = (
     'file/ok_5.sd',  # Invalid mode UX
     'file/ok_2.sd',  # Invalid mode RWM
     'file/ok_4.sd',  # Invalid mode iX
+    'file/priority/ok_5.sd',  # Invalid mode UX
+    'file/priority/ok_2.sd',  # Invalid mode RWM
+    'file/priority/ok_4.sd',  # Invalid mode iX
     'xtrans/simple_ok_pix_1.sd',  # Invalid mode pIx
     'xtrans/simple_ok_pux_1.sd',  # Invalid mode rPux
 
@@ -424,6 +429,8 @@ syntax_failure = (
     'file/ok_embedded_spaces_4.sd',  # \-escaped space
     'file/file/ok_embedded_spaces_4.sd',  # \-escaped space
     'file/ok_quoted_4.sd',  # quoted string including \"
+    'file/priority/ok_quoted_4.sd',  # quoted string including \"
+    'file/priority/ok_embedded_spaces_4.sd',  # \-escaped space
 
     # mount rules with multiple 'options' or 'fstype' are not supported by the tools yet, and when writing them, only the last 'options'/'fstype' would survive.
     # Therefore MountRule intentionally raises an exception when parsing such a rule.
diff --git a/utils/test/test-pivot_root.py b/utils/test/test-pivot_root.py
index ceaf59ab7..1b6fcc816 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-pivot_root.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-pivot_root.py
@@ -261,6 +261,10 @@ class WritePivotRootTestAATest(AATest):
         ('   pivot_root  oldroot="/old"     ,    # foo        ',            'pivot_root oldroot=/old, # foo'),
         ('   pivot_root  oldroot=/old    ->  some_profile ,   ',            'pivot_root oldroot=/old -> some_profile,'),
         ('   pivot_root  oldroot=/old /new   ->  some_profile ,   ',            'pivot_root oldroot=/old /new -> some_profile,'),
+        ('priority=1 pivot_root  oldroot=/old /new   ->  some_profile ,   ',    'priority=1 pivot_root oldroot=/old /new -> some_profile,'),
+        ('priority=0 pivot_root  oldroot=/old /new   ->  some_profile ,   ',    'priority=0 pivot_root oldroot=/old /new -> some_profile,'),
+        ('priority=-1 pivot_root  oldroot=/old /new   ->  some_profile ,  ',    'priority=-1 pivot_root oldroot=/old /new -> some_profile,'),
+        ('priority=+1 pivot_root  oldroot=/old /new   ->  some_profile ,  ',    'priority=1 pivot_root oldroot=/old /new -> some_profile,'),
     )
 
     def test_write_manually(self):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-ptrace.py b/utils/test/test-ptrace.py
index 18362f262..5193d99c5 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-ptrace.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-ptrace.py
@@ -260,6 +260,10 @@ class WritePtraceTestAATest(AATest):
         ('ptrace (read tracedby) peer=/usr/bin/bar,',         'ptrace (read tracedby) peer=/usr/bin/bar,'),
         ('ptrace (trace read) peer=/usr/bin/bar,',            'ptrace (read trace) peer=/usr/bin/bar,'),
         ('ptrace wr peer=/sbin/baz,',                         'ptrace wr peer=/sbin/baz,'),
+        ('priority = 010 deny ptrace      (  read      ),  ', 'priority=10 deny ptrace read,'),
+        ('priority = 0   deny ptrace      (  read      ),  ', 'priority=0 deny ptrace read,'),
+        ('priority = -21 deny ptrace      (  read      ),  ', 'priority=-21 deny ptrace read,'),
+        ('priority = +83 deny ptrace      (  read      ),  ', 'priority=83 deny ptrace read,'),
     )
 
     def test_write_manually(self):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-regex_matches.py b/utils/test/test-regex_matches.py
index 927f0ea6f..243707762 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-regex_matches.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-regex_matches.py
@@ -218,11 +218,16 @@ class AARegexCapability(AARegexTest):
         self.regex = RE_PROFILE_CAP
 
     tests = (
-        ('   capability net_raw,', (None, None, 'net_raw', 'net_raw', None)),
-        ('capability     net_raw   ,  ', (None, None, 'net_raw', 'net_raw', None)),
-        ('   capability,', (None, None, None, None, None)),
-        ('   capability   ,  ', (None, None, None, None, None)),
-        ('   capabilitynet_raw,', False)
+        ('   capability net_raw,', (None, None, None, None, 'net_raw', 'net_raw', None)),
+        ('capability     net_raw   ,  ', (None, None, None, None, 'net_raw', 'net_raw', None)),
+        ('   capability,', (None, None, None, None, None, None, None)),
+        ('   capability   ,  ', (None, None, None, None, None, None, None)),
+        ('   capabilitynet_raw,', False),
+        ('   priority=1 capability net_raw,', ('priority=1', '1', None, None, 'net_raw', 'net_raw', None)),
+        ('priority=1 capability     net_raw   ,  ', ('priority=1', '1', None, None, 'net_raw', 'net_raw', None)),
+        ('   priority=1 capability,', ('priority=1', '1', None, None, None, None, None)),
+        ('   priority=1 capability   ,  ', ('priority=1', '1', None, None, None, None, None)),
+        ('   priority=1 capabilitynet_raw,', False),
     )
 
 
@@ -233,13 +238,19 @@ class AARegexDbus(AARegexTest):
         self.regex = RE_PROFILE_DBUS
 
     tests = (
-        ('   dbus,',                                  (None,    None, 'dbus,',                        None,                     None)),
-        ('   audit dbus,',                            ('audit', None, 'dbus,',                        None,                     None)),
-        ('   dbus send member=no_comment,',           (None,    None, 'dbus send member=no_comment,', 'send member=no_comment', None)),
-        ('   dbus send member=no_comment, # comment', (None,    None, 'dbus send member=no_comment,', 'send member=no_comment', '# comment')),
+        ('   dbus,',                                  (None, None, None,    None, 'dbus,',                        None,                     None)),
+        ('   audit dbus,',                            (None, None, 'audit', None, 'dbus,',                        None,                     None)),
+        ('   dbus send member=no_comment,',           (None, None, None,    None, 'dbus send member=no_comment,', 'send member=no_comment', None)),
+        ('   dbus send member=no_comment, # comment', (None, None, None,    None, 'dbus send member=no_comment,', 'send member=no_comment', '# comment')),
+
+        ('   priority=-11 dbus,',                                  ('priority=-11', '-11', None,    None, 'dbus,',                        None,                     None)),
+        ('   priority=-11 audit dbus,',                            ('priority=-11', '-11', 'audit', None, 'dbus,',                        None,                     None)),
+        ('   priority=-11 dbus send member=no_comment,',           ('priority=-11', '-11', None,    None, 'dbus send member=no_comment,', 'send member=no_comment', None)),
+        ('   priority=-11 dbus send member=no_comment, # comment', ('priority=-11', '-11', None,    None, 'dbus send member=no_comment,', 'send member=no_comment', '# comment')),
 
         ('   dbusdriver,', False),
         ('   audit dbusdriver,', False),
+        ('   priority=-11 audit dbusdriver,', False),
     )
 
 
@@ -250,19 +261,30 @@ class AARegexMount(AARegexTest):
         self.regex = RE_PROFILE_MOUNT
 
     tests = (
-        ('   mount,',           (None,    None,   'mount,',   'mount',   None, None)),
-        ('   audit mount,',     ('audit', None,   'mount,',   'mount',   None, None)),
-        ('   umount,',          (None,    None,   'umount,',  'umount',  None, None)),
-        ('   audit umount,',    ('audit', None,   'umount,',  'umount',  None, None)),
-        ('   unmount,',         (None,    None,   'unmount,', 'unmount', None, None)),
-        ('   audit unmount,',   ('audit', None,   'unmount,', 'unmount', None, None)),
-        ('   remount,',         (None,    None,   'remount,', 'remount', None, None)),
-        ('   deny remount,',    (None,    'deny', 'remount,', 'remount', None, None)),
+        ('   mount,',           (None, None, None,    None,   'mount,',   'mount',   None, None)),
+        ('   audit mount,',     (None, None, 'audit', None,   'mount,',   'mount',   None, None)),
+        ('   umount,',          (None, None, None,    None,   'umount,',  'umount',  None, None)),
+        ('   audit umount,',    (None, None, 'audit', None,   'umount,',  'umount',  None, None)),
+        ('   unmount,',         (None, None, None,    None,   'unmount,', 'unmount', None, None)),
+        ('   audit unmount,',   (None, None, 'audit', None,   'unmount,', 'unmount', None, None)),
+        ('   remount,',         (None, None, None,    None,   'remount,', 'remount', None, None)),
+        ('   deny remount,',    (None, None, None,    'deny', 'remount,', 'remount', None, None)),
 
-        ('   mount, # comment', (None,    None,   'mount,',   'mount',   None, '# comment')),
+        ('   priority = 0 mount,',           ('priority = 0', '0', None,    None,   'mount,',   'mount',   None, None)),
+        ('   priority = 0 audit mount,',     ('priority = 0', '0', 'audit', None,   'mount,',   'mount',   None, None)),
+        ('   priority = 0 umount,',          ('priority = 0', '0', None,    None,   'umount,',  'umount',  None, None)),
+        ('   priority = 0 audit umount,',    ('priority = 0', '0', 'audit', None,   'umount,',  'umount',  None, None)),
+        ('   priority = 0 unmount,',         ('priority = 0', '0', None,    None,   'unmount,', 'unmount', None, None)),
+        ('   priority = 0 audit unmount,',   ('priority = 0', '0', 'audit', None,   'unmount,', 'unmount', None, None)),
+        ('   priority = 0 remount,',         ('priority = 0', '0', None,    None,   'remount,', 'remount', None, None)),
+        ('   priority = 0 deny remount,',    ('priority = 0', '0', None,    'deny', 'remount,', 'remount', None, None)),
+
+        ('   mount, # comment', (None, None, None,    None,   'mount,',   'mount',   None, '# comment')),
+        ('   priority = 0 mount, # comment', ('priority = 0', '0', None,    None,   'mount,',   'mount',   None, '# comment')),
 
         ('   mountain,', False),
         ('   audit mountain,', False),
+        ('   priority = 0 audit mountain,', False),
     )
 
 
@@ -273,16 +295,25 @@ class AARegexSignal(AARegexTest):
         self.regex = RE_PROFILE_SIGNAL
 
     tests = (
-        ('   signal,',                                            (None,    None, 'signal,',                                            None,                                         None)),
-        ('   audit signal,',                                      ('audit', None, 'signal,',                                            None,                                         None)),
-        ('   signal receive,',                                    (None,    None, 'signal receive,',                                    'receive',                                    None)),
-        ('   signal (send, receive),',                            (None,    None, 'signal (send, receive),',                            '(send, receive)',                            None)),
-        ('   audit signal (receive),',                            ('audit', None, 'signal (receive),',                                  '(receive)',                                  None)),
-        ('   signal (send, receive) set=(usr1 usr2),',            (None,    None, 'signal (send, receive) set=(usr1 usr2),',            '(send, receive) set=(usr1 usr2)',            None)),
-        ('   signal send set=(hup, quit) peer=/usr/sbin/daemon,', (None,    None, 'signal send set=(hup, quit) peer=/usr/sbin/daemon,', 'send set=(hup, quit) peer=/usr/sbin/daemon', None)),
+        ('   signal,',                                            (None, None, None,    None, 'signal,',                                            None,                                         None)),
+        ('   audit signal,',                                      (None, None, 'audit', None, 'signal,',                                            None,                                         None)),
+        ('   signal receive,',                                    (None, None, None,    None, 'signal receive,',                                    'receive',                                    None)),
+        ('   signal (send, receive),',                            (None, None, None,    None, 'signal (send, receive),',                            '(send, receive)',                            None)),
+        ('   audit signal (receive),',                            (None, None, 'audit', None, 'signal (receive),',                                  '(receive)',                                  None)),
+        ('   signal (send, receive) set=(usr1 usr2),',            (None, None, None,    None, 'signal (send, receive) set=(usr1 usr2),',            '(send, receive) set=(usr1 usr2)',            None)),
+        ('   signal send set=(hup, quit) peer=/usr/sbin/daemon,', (None, None, None,    None, 'signal send set=(hup, quit) peer=/usr/sbin/daemon,', 'send set=(hup, quit) peer=/usr/sbin/daemon', None)),
+
+        ('   priority = -1 signal,',                                            ('priority = -1', '-1', None,    None, 'signal,',                                            None,                                         None)),
+        ('   priority = -1 audit signal,',                                      ('priority = -1', '-1', 'audit', None, 'signal,',                                            None,                                         None)),
+        ('   priority = -1 signal receive,',                                    ('priority = -1', '-1', None,    None, 'signal receive,',                                    'receive',                                    None)),
+        ('   priority = -1 signal (send, receive),',                            ('priority = -1', '-1', None,    None, 'signal (send, receive),',                            '(send, receive)',                            None)),
+        ('   priority = -1 audit signal (receive),',                            ('priority = -1', '-1', 'audit', None, 'signal (receive),',                                  '(receive)',                                  None)),
+        ('   priority = -1 signal (send, receive) set=(usr1 usr2),',            ('priority = -1', '-1', None,    None, 'signal (send, receive) set=(usr1 usr2),',            '(send, receive) set=(usr1 usr2)',            None)),
+        ('   priority = -1 signal send set=(hup, quit) peer=/usr/sbin/daemon,', ('priority = -1', '-1', None,    None, 'signal send set=(hup, quit) peer=/usr/sbin/daemon,', 'send set=(hup, quit) peer=/usr/sbin/daemon', None)),
 
         ('   signalling,', False),
         ('   audit signalling,', False),
+        ('   priority = -1 audit signalling,', False),
         ('   signalling receive,', False),
     )
 
@@ -294,16 +325,24 @@ class AARegexPtrace(AARegexTest):
         self.regex = RE_PROFILE_PTRACE
 
     tests = (
-        #                                            audit    allow  rule                                  rule details                   comment
-        ('   ptrace,',                              (None,    None, 'ptrace,',                             None,                          None)),
-        ('   audit ptrace,',                        ('audit', None, 'ptrace,',                             None,                          None)),
-        ('   ptrace trace,',                        (None,    None, 'ptrace trace,',                       'trace',                       None)),
-        ('   ptrace (tracedby, readby),',           (None,    None, 'ptrace (tracedby, readby),',          '(tracedby, readby)',          None)),
-        ('   audit ptrace (read),',                 ('audit', None, 'ptrace (read),',                      '(read)',                      None)),
-        ('   ptrace trace peer=/usr/sbin/daemon,',  (None,    None, 'ptrace trace peer=/usr/sbin/daemon,', 'trace peer=/usr/sbin/daemon', None)),
+        #                                            priority    audit    allow  rule                                  rule details                   comment
+        ('   ptrace,',                              (None, None, None,    None, 'ptrace,',                             None,                          None)),
+        ('   audit ptrace,',                        (None, None, 'audit', None, 'ptrace,',                             None,                          None)),
+        ('   ptrace trace,',                        (None, None, None,    None, 'ptrace trace,',                       'trace',                       None)),
+        ('   ptrace (tracedby, readby),',           (None, None, None,    None, 'ptrace (tracedby, readby),',          '(tracedby, readby)',          None)),
+        ('   audit ptrace (read),',                 (None, None, 'audit', None, 'ptrace (read),',                      '(read)',                      None)),
+        ('   ptrace trace peer=/usr/sbin/daemon,',  (None, None, None,    None, 'ptrace trace peer=/usr/sbin/daemon,', 'trace peer=/usr/sbin/daemon', None)),
+
+        ('   priority=100 ptrace,',                              ('priority=100', '100', None,    None, 'ptrace,',                             None,                          None)),
+        ('   priority=100 audit ptrace,',                        ('priority=100', '100', 'audit', None, 'ptrace,',                             None,                          None)),
+        ('   priority=100 ptrace trace,',                        ('priority=100', '100', None,    None, 'ptrace trace,',                       'trace',                       None)),
+        ('   priority=100 ptrace (tracedby, readby),',           ('priority=100', '100', None,    None, 'ptrace (tracedby, readby),',          '(tracedby, readby)',          None)),
+        ('   priority=100 audit ptrace (read),',                 ('priority=100', '100', 'audit', None, 'ptrace (read),',                      '(read)',                      None)),
+        ('   priority=100 ptrace trace peer=/usr/sbin/daemon,',  ('priority=100', '100', None,    None, 'ptrace trace peer=/usr/sbin/daemon,', 'trace peer=/usr/sbin/daemon', None)),
 
         ('   ptraceback,', False),
         ('   audit ptraceback,', False),
+        ('   priority=100 audit ptraceback,', False),
         ('   ptraceback trace,', False),
     )
 
@@ -315,12 +354,19 @@ class AARegexPivotRoot(AARegexTest):
         self.regex = RE_PROFILE_PIVOT_ROOT
 
     tests = (
-        ('   pivot_root,',                                      (None,    None, 'pivot_root,',                                None,                                 None)),
-        ('   audit pivot_root,',                                ('audit', None, 'pivot_root,',                                None,                                 None)),
-        ('   pivot_root oldroot=/new/old,',                     (None,    None, 'pivot_root oldroot=/new/old,',               'oldroot=/new/old',                   None)),
-        ('   pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new,',                (None,    None, 'pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new,',          'oldroot=/new/old /new',              None)),
-        ('   pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new -> child,',       (None,    None, 'pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new -> child,', 'oldroot=/new/old /new -> child',     None)),
-        ('   audit pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new -> child,', ('audit', None, 'pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new -> child,', 'oldroot=/new/old /new -> child',     None)),
+        ('   pivot_root,',                                      (None, None, None,    None, 'pivot_root,',                                None,                                 None)),
+        ('   audit pivot_root,',                                (None, None, 'audit', None, 'pivot_root,',                                None,                                 None)),
+        ('   pivot_root oldroot=/new/old,',                     (None, None, None,    None, 'pivot_root oldroot=/new/old,',               'oldroot=/new/old',                   None)),
+        ('   pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new,',                (None, None, None,    None, 'pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new,',          'oldroot=/new/old /new',              None)),
+        ('   pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new -> child,',       (None, None, None,    None, 'pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new -> child,', 'oldroot=/new/old /new -> child',     None)),
+        ('   audit pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new -> child,', (None, None, 'audit', None, 'pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new -> child,', 'oldroot=/new/old /new -> child',     None)),
+
+        ('   priority=-100 pivot_root,',                                      ('priority=-100', '-100', None,    None, 'pivot_root,',                                None,                                 None)),
+        ('   priority=-100 audit pivot_root,',                                ('priority=-100', '-100', 'audit', None, 'pivot_root,',                                None,                                 None)),
+        ('   priority=-100 pivot_root oldroot=/new/old,',                     ('priority=-100', '-100', None,    None, 'pivot_root oldroot=/new/old,',               'oldroot=/new/old',                   None)),
+        ('   priority=-100 pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new,',                ('priority=-100', '-100', None,    None, 'pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new,',          'oldroot=/new/old /new',              None)),
+        ('   priority=-100 pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new -> child,',       ('priority=-100', '-100', None,    None, 'pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new -> child,', 'oldroot=/new/old /new -> child',     None)),
+        ('   priority=-100 audit pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new -> child,', ('priority=-100', '-100', 'audit', None, 'pivot_root oldroot=/new/old /new -> child,', 'oldroot=/new/old /new -> child',     None)),
 
         ('pivot_root', False),  # comma missing
 
@@ -329,6 +375,7 @@ class AARegexPivotRoot(AARegexTest):
         ('pivot_rootbeer, # comment', False),
         ('pivot_rootbeer /new,  ', False),
         ('pivot_rootbeer /new, # comment', False),
+        ('priority=-100 pivot_rootbeer /new, # comment', False),
     )
 
 
@@ -339,20 +386,35 @@ class AARegexUnix(AARegexTest):
         self.regex = RE_PROFILE_UNIX
 
     tests = (
-        ('   unix,',                                                                               (None,    None,    'unix,',                                      None,                                   None)),
-        ('   audit unix,',                                                                         ('audit', None,    'unix,',                                      None,                                   None)),
-        ('   unix accept,',                                                                        (None,    None,    'unix accept,',                               'accept',                               None)),
-        ('   allow unix connect,',                                                                 (None,    'allow', 'unix connect,',                              'connect',                              None)),
-        ('   audit allow unix bind,',                                                              ('audit', 'allow', 'unix bind,',                                 'bind',                                 None)),
-        ('   deny unix bind,',                                                                     (None,    'deny',  'unix bind,',                                 'bind',                                 None)),
-        ('unix peer=(label=@{profile_name}),',                                                     (None,    None,    'unix peer=(label=@{profile_name}),',         'peer=(label=@{profile_name})',         None)),
-        ('unix (receive) peer=(label=unconfined),',                                                (None,    None,    'unix (receive) peer=(label=unconfined),',    '(receive) peer=(label=unconfined)',    None)),
-        (' unix (getattr, shutdown) peer=(addr=none),',                                            (None,    None,    'unix (getattr, shutdown) peer=(addr=none),', '(getattr, shutdown) peer=(addr=none)', None)),
-        ('unix (connect, receive, send) type=stream peer=(label=unconfined,addr="@/tmp/dbus-*"),', (None,    None,    'unix (connect, receive, send) type=stream peer=(label=unconfined,addr="@/tmp/dbus-*"),',
+        ('   unix,',                                                                               (None, None, None,    None,    'unix,',                                      None,                                   None)),
+        ('   audit unix,',                                                                         (None, None, 'audit', None,    'unix,',                                      None,                                   None)),
+        ('   unix accept,',                                                                        (None, None, None,    None,    'unix accept,',                               'accept',                               None)),
+        ('   allow unix connect,',                                                                 (None, None, None,    'allow', 'unix connect,',                              'connect',                              None)),
+        ('   audit allow unix bind,',                                                              (None, None, 'audit', 'allow', 'unix bind,',                                 'bind',                                 None)),
+        ('   deny unix bind,',                                                                     (None, None, None,    'deny',  'unix bind,',                                 'bind',                                 None)),
+        ('unix peer=(label=@{profile_name}),',                                                     (None, None, None,    None,    'unix peer=(label=@{profile_name}),',         'peer=(label=@{profile_name})',         None)),
+        ('unix (receive) peer=(label=unconfined),',                                                (None, None, None,    None,    'unix (receive) peer=(label=unconfined),',    '(receive) peer=(label=unconfined)',    None)),
+        (' unix (getattr, shutdown) peer=(addr=none),',                                            (None, None, None,    None,    'unix (getattr, shutdown) peer=(addr=none),', '(getattr, shutdown) peer=(addr=none)', None)),
+        ('unix (connect, receive, send) type=stream peer=(label=unconfined,addr="@/tmp/dbus-*"),', (None, None, None,    None,    'unix (connect, receive, send) type=stream peer=(label=unconfined,addr="@/tmp/dbus-*"),',
                                                                                                                                                                     '(connect, receive, send) type=stream peer=(label=unconfined,addr="@/tmp/dbus-*")',  # noqa: E127
                                                                                                                                                                                                             None)),  # noqa: E127
+
+        ('   priority=1 unix,',                                                                               ('priority=1', '1', None,    None,    'unix,',                                      None,                                   None)),
+        ('   priority=1 audit unix,',                                                                         ('priority=1', '1', 'audit', None,    'unix,',                                      None,                                   None)),
+        ('   priority=1 unix accept,',                                                                        ('priority=1', '1', None,    None,    'unix accept,',                               'accept',                               None)),
+        ('   priority=1 allow unix connect,',                                                                 ('priority=1', '1', None,    'allow', 'unix connect,',                              'connect',                              None)),
+        ('   priority=1 audit allow unix bind,',                                                              ('priority=1', '1', 'audit', 'allow', 'unix bind,',                                 'bind',                                 None)),
+        ('   priority=1 deny unix bind,',                                                                     ('priority=1', '1', None,    'deny',  'unix bind,',                                 'bind',                                 None)),
+        ('priority=1 unix peer=(label=@{profile_name}),',                                                     ('priority=1', '1', None,    None,    'unix peer=(label=@{profile_name}),',         'peer=(label=@{profile_name})',         None)),
+        ('priority=1 unix (receive) peer=(label=unconfined),',                                                ('priority=1', '1', None,    None,    'unix (receive) peer=(label=unconfined),',    '(receive) peer=(label=unconfined)',    None)),
+        (' priority=1 unix (getattr, shutdown) peer=(addr=none),',                                            ('priority=1', '1', None,    None,    'unix (getattr, shutdown) peer=(addr=none),', '(getattr, shutdown) peer=(addr=none)', None)),
+        ('priority=1 unix (connect, receive, send) type=stream peer=(label=unconfined,addr="@/tmp/dbus-*"),', ('priority=1', '1', None,    None,    'unix (connect, receive, send) type=stream peer=(label=unconfined,addr="@/tmp/dbus-*"),',
+                                                                                                                                                                    '(connect, receive, send) type=stream peer=(label=unconfined,addr="@/tmp/dbus-*")',  # noqa: E127
+                                                                                                                                                                                                            None)),  # noqa: E127
+
         ('unixlike', False),
         ('deny unixlike,', False),
+        ('priority=1 deny unixlike,', False),
     )
 
 
diff --git a/utils/test/test-rlimit.py b/utils/test/test-rlimit.py
index 532d53492..7bbd3a7b7 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-rlimit.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-rlimit.py
@@ -174,6 +174,10 @@ class InvalidRlimitInit(AATest):
         with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
             RlimitRule('as', '1024MB', audit=True)
 
+    def test_priority_keyword(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
+            RlimitRule('as', '1024MB', priority=0)
+
 
 class InvalidRlimitTest(AATest):
     def _check_invalid_rawrule(self, rawrule):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-signal.py b/utils/test/test-signal.py
index 58c6af44e..92f7cf771 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-signal.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-signal.py
@@ -277,6 +277,10 @@ class WriteSignalTestAATest(AATest):
         ('signal receive peer=foo,',                            'signal receive peer=foo,'),
         ('signal (send receive) peer=/usr/bin/bar,',            'signal (receive send) peer=/usr/bin/bar,'),
         ('signal wr set=(pipe, usr1) peer=/sbin/baz,',          'signal wr set=(pipe usr1) peer=/sbin/baz,'),
+        ('priority  = 29 signal receive peer=foo,',             'priority=29 signal receive peer=foo,'),
+        ('priority  =  0 signal receive peer=foo,',             'priority=0 signal receive peer=foo,'),
+        ('priority =-123 signal receive peer=foo,',             'priority=-123 signal receive peer=foo,'),
+        ('priority  =+10 signal receive peer=foo,',             'priority=10 signal receive peer=foo,'),
     )
 
     def test_write_manually(self):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-unix.py b/utils/test/test-unix.py
index 104abc1da..5fbf013c9 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-unix.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-unix.py
@@ -166,15 +166,18 @@ class UnixTestGlob(AATest):
 
 class UnixTestClean(AATest):
     tests = (
-        ('     audit  unix                                                                                                              ,    # foo  ', 'audit unix, # foo'),
-        ('     audit deny unix                                                   label  =  foo                                          ,           ', 'audit deny unix label=foo,'),
-        ('     audit allow unix                                                  peer  =  (addr  =  a)                                  ,    # foo  ', 'audit allow unix peer=(addr=a), # foo'),
-        ('     deny unix                                                   type  =  foo                                                 ,           ', 'deny unix type=foo,'),
-        ('     allow unix                                                              peer  =  (label=bb)                              ,    # foo  ', 'allow unix peer=(label=bb), # foo'),
-        ('     unix                                                                                                                     ,    # foo  ', 'unix, # foo'),
-        ('     unix                                                   addr  =  foo                                                      ,           ', 'unix addr=foo,'),
-        ('     unix    (  accept  , rw)  protocol  =  AA  type =  BB  opt  =  myopt  label  =  bb peer  =  (addr  =  a label  =  bb )   ,           ', 'unix (accept, rw) type=BB protocol=AA label=bb opt=myopt peer=(addr=a label=bb),'),
-
+        ('     audit  unix                                                                                                                   ,    # foo  ', 'audit unix, # foo'),
+        ('     audit deny unix                                                   label  =  foo                                               ,           ', 'audit deny unix label=foo,'),
+        ('     audit allow unix                                                  peer  =  (addr  =  a)                                       ,    # foo  ', 'audit allow unix peer=(addr=a), # foo'),
+        ('     deny unix                                                   type  =  foo                                                      ,           ', 'deny unix type=foo,'),
+        ('     allow unix                                                              peer  =  (label=bb)                                   ,    # foo  ', 'allow unix peer=(label=bb), # foo'),
+        ('     unix                                                                                                                          ,    # foo  ', 'unix, # foo'),
+        ('     unix                                                   addr  =  foo                                                           ,           ', 'unix addr=foo,'),
+        ('     unix    (  accept  , rw)  protocol  =  AA  type =  BB  opt  =  myopt  label  =  bb peer  =  (addr  =  a label  =  bb )        ,           ', 'unix (accept, rw) type=BB protocol=AA label=bb opt=myopt peer=(addr=a label=bb),'),
+        ('priority=-42 unix    (  accept  , rw)  protocol  =  AA  type =  BB  opt  =  myopt  label  =  bb peer  =  (addr  =  a label  =  bb ),           ', 'priority=-42 unix (accept, rw) type=BB protocol=AA label=bb opt=myopt peer=(addr=a label=bb),'),
+        ('priority = 0 unix    (  accept  , rw)  protocol  =  AA  type =  BB  opt  =  myopt  label  =  bb peer  =  (addr  =  a label  =  bb ),           ', 'priority=0 unix (accept, rw) type=BB protocol=AA label=bb opt=myopt peer=(addr=a label=bb),'),
+        ('priority=211 unix    (  accept  , rw)  protocol  =  AA  type =  BB  opt  =  myopt  label  =  bb peer  =  (addr  =  a label  =  bb ),           ', 'priority=211 unix (accept, rw) type=BB protocol=AA label=bb opt=myopt peer=(addr=a label=bb),'),
+        ('priority=+45 unix    (  accept  , rw)  protocol  =  AA  type =  BB  opt  =  myopt  label  =  bb peer  =  (addr  =  a label  =  bb ),           ', 'priority=45 unix (accept, rw) type=BB protocol=AA label=bb opt=myopt peer=(addr=a label=bb),'),
     )
 
     def _run_test(self, rawrule, expected):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-userns.py b/utils/test/test-userns.py
index 82e523fd0..4d5419eed 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-userns.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-userns.py
@@ -59,10 +59,10 @@ class UserNamespaceTestParseInvalid(AATest):
             UserNamespaceRule.create_instance('foo,')
 
     def test_diff_non_usernsrule(self):
-        exp = namedtuple('exp', ('audit', 'deny'))
+        exp = namedtuple('exp', ('audit', 'deny', 'priority'))
         obj = UserNamespaceRule(('create'))
         with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
-            obj.is_equal(exp(False, False), False)
+            obj.is_equal(exp(False, False, None), False)
 
     def test_diff_access(self):
         obj1 = UserNamespaceRule(UserNamespaceRule.ALL)
@@ -98,6 +98,10 @@ class WriteUserNamespaceTestAATest(AATest):
         ('   allow userns  create   ,# foo bar', 'allow userns create, # foo bar'),
         ('userns,',                              'userns,'),
         ('userns create,',                       'userns create,'),
+        (' priority = -1 allow userns  create,', 'priority=-1 allow userns create,'),
+        (' priority =  0 allow userns  create,', 'priority=0 allow userns create,'),
+        (' priority=+234 allow userns  create,', 'priority=234 allow userns create,'),
+        (' priority = 65 allow userns  create,', 'priority=65 allow userns create,'),
     )
 
     def _run_test(self, rawrule, expected):
diff --git a/utils/test/test-variable.py b/utils/test/test-variable.py
index 1dcedc3dd..eba5b3f03 100644
--- a/utils/test/test-variable.py
+++ b/utils/test/test-variable.py
@@ -30,10 +30,11 @@ exp = namedtuple('exp', ('comment', 'varname', 'mode', 'values'))
 
 class VariableTest(AATest):
     def _compare_obj(self, obj, expected):
-        # variables don't support the allow, audit or deny keyword
+        # variables don't support the allow, audit, deny, or priority keyword
         self.assertEqual(False, obj.allow_keyword)
         self.assertEqual(False, obj.audit)
         self.assertEqual(False, obj.deny)
+        self.assertEqual(None, obj.priority)
 
         self.assertEqual(expected.varname, obj.varname)
         self.assertEqual(expected.mode, obj.mode)
@@ -166,6 +167,14 @@ class InvalidVariableInit(AATest):
         with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
             VariableRule('@{foo}', '=', '/bar', deny=True)
 
+    def test_invalid_priority_1(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
+            VariableRule('@{foo}', '=', '/bar', priority=98)
+
+    def test_invalid_priority_2(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(AppArmorBug):
+            VariableRule('@{foo}', '=', '/bar', priority=0)
+
 
 class InvalidVariableTest(AATest):
     def _check_invalid_rawrule(self, rawrule, matches_regex=False):