2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
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- Copyright (C) 2004-2012 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
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2012-03-07 01:41:11 +00:00
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<!-- $Id$ -->
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
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<title>dnssec-signzone</title>
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2006-12-12 01:45:21 +00:00
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<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.71.1">
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<link rel="start" href="Bv9ARM.html" title="BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual">
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<link rel="up" href="Bv9ARM.ch10.html" title="Manual pages">
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<link rel="prev" href="man.dnssec-settime.html" title="dnssec-settime">
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<table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
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<tr><th colspan="3" align="center"><span class="application">dnssec-signzone</span></th></tr>
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<div class="refentry" lang="en">
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<a name="man.dnssec-signzone"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
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<div class="refnamediv">
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<h2>Name</h2>
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<p><span class="application">dnssec-signzone</span> — DNSSEC zone signing tool</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsynopsisdiv">
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<h2>Synopsis</h2>
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2011-12-22 18:10:11 +00:00
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dnssec-signzone</code> [<code class="option">-a</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-D</code>] [<code class="option">-E <em class="replaceable"><code>engine</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-e <em class="replaceable"><code>end-time</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>output-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-g</code>] [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-K <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>key</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>serial</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-l <em class="replaceable"><code>domain</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>interval</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-I <em class="replaceable"><code>input-format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-j <em class="replaceable"><code>jitter</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-N <em class="replaceable"><code>soa-serial-format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-o <em class="replaceable"><code>origin</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-O <em class="replaceable"><code>output-format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-P</code>] [<code class="option">-p</code>] [<code class="option">-R</code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>randomdev</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-S</code>] [<code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>start-time</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-T <em class="replaceable"><code>ttl</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t</code>] [<code class="option">-u</code>] [<code class="option">-v <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-X <em class="replaceable"><code>extended end-time</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-x</code>] [<code class="option">-z</code>] [<code class="option">-3 <em class="replaceable"><code>salt</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-H <em class="replaceable"><code>iterations</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-A</code>] {zonefile} [key...]</p></div>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
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<a name="id2618964"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
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<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span>
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signs a zone. It generates
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NSEC and RRSIG records and produces a signed version of the
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zone. The security status of delegations from the signed zone
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(that is, whether the child zones are secure or not) is
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determined by the presence or absence of a
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<code class="filename">keyset</code> file for each child zone.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
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<a name="id2619666"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
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<div class="variablelist"><dl>
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<dt><span class="term">-a</span></dt>
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<dd><p>
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Verify all generated signatures.
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</p></dd>
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<dt><span class="term">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span></dt>
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<dd><p>
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Specifies the DNS class of the zone.
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</p></dd>
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<dt><span class="term">-C</span></dt>
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<dd><p>
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Compatibility mode: Generate a
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<code class="filename">keyset-<em class="replaceable"><code>zonename</code></em></code>
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file in addition to
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<code class="filename">dsset-<em class="replaceable"><code>zonename</code></em></code>
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when signing a zone, for use by older versions of
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<span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span>.
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</p></dd>
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<dt><span class="term">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
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<dd><p>
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Look for <code class="filename">dsset-</code> or
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<code class="filename">keyset-</code> files in <code class="option">directory</code>.
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</p></dd>
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<dt><span class="term">-D</span></dt>
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<dd><p>
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Output only those record types automatically managed by
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<span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span>, i.e. RRSIG, NSEC,
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NSEC3 and NSEC3PARAM records. If smart signing
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(<code class="option">-S</code>) is used, DNSKEY records are also
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included. The resulting file can be included in the original
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zone file with <span><strong class="command">$INCLUDE</strong></span>. This option
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cannot be combined with <code class="option">-O raw</code> or serial
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number updating.
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</p></dd>
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<dt><span class="term">-E <em class="replaceable"><code>engine</code></em></span></dt>
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<dd><p>
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Uses a crypto hardware (OpenSSL engine) for the crypto operations
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it supports, for instance signing with private keys from
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a secure key store. When compiled with PKCS#11 support
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it defaults to pkcs11; the empty name resets it to no engine.
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</p></dd>
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<dt><span class="term">-g</span></dt>
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<dd><p>
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Generate DS records for child zones from
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<code class="filename">dsset-</code> or <code class="filename">keyset-</code>
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file. Existing DS records will be removed.
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</p></dd>
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<dt><span class="term">-K <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
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<dd><p>
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Key repository: Specify a directory to search for DNSSEC keys.
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If not specified, defaults to the current directory.
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</p></dd>
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<dt><span class="term">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>key</code></em></span></dt>
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<dd><p>
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Treat specified key as a key signing key ignoring any
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key flags. This option may be specified multiple times.
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</p></dd>
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<dt><span class="term">-l <em class="replaceable"><code>domain</code></em></span></dt>
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<dd><p>
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Generate a DLV set in addition to the key (DNSKEY) and DS sets.
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The domain is appended to the name of the records.
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</p></dd>
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<dt><span class="term">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>start-time</code></em></span></dt>
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<dd><p>
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Specify the date and time when the generated RRSIG records
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become valid. This can be either an absolute or relative
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time. An absolute start time is indicated by a number
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in YYYYMMDDHHMMSS notation; 20000530144500 denotes
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14:45:00 UTC on May 30th, 2000. A relative start time is
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indicated by +N, which is N seconds from the current time.
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If no <code class="option">start-time</code> is specified, the current
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time minus 1 hour (to allow for clock skew) is used.
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</p></dd>
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<dt><span class="term">-e <em class="replaceable"><code>end-time</code></em></span></dt>
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<dd><p>
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Specify the date and time when the generated RRSIG records
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expire. As with <code class="option">start-time</code>, an absolute
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time is indicated in YYYYMMDDHHMMSS notation. A time relative
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to the start time is indicated with +N, which is N seconds from
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the start time. A time relative to the current time is
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indicated with now+N. If no <code class="option">end-time</code> is
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specified, 30 days from the start time is used as a default.
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<code class="option">end-time</code> must be later than
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<code class="option">start-time</code>.
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</p></dd>
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2011-03-05 01:14:22 +00:00
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<dt><span class="term">-X <em class="replaceable"><code>extended end-time</code></em></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Specify the date and time when the generated RRSIG records
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for the DNSKEY RRset will expire. This is to be used in cases
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when the DNSKEY signatures need to persist longer than
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signatures on other records; e.g., when the private component
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of the KSK is kept offline and the KSK signature is to be
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refreshed manually.
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</p>
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<p>
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As with <code class="option">start-time</code>, an absolute
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time is indicated in YYYYMMDDHHMMSS notation. A time relative
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to the start time is indicated with +N, which is N seconds from
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the start time. A time relative to the current time is
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indicated with now+N. If no <code class="option">extended end-time</code> is
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specified, the value of <code class="option">end-time</code> is used as
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the default. (<code class="option">end-time</code>, in turn, defaults to
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30 days from the start time.) <code class="option">extended end-time</code>
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must be later than <code class="option">start-time</code>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>output-file</code></em></span></dt>
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<dd><p>
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The name of the output file containing the signed zone. The
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default is to append <code class="filename">.signed</code> to
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the input filename. If <code class="option">output-file</code> is
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set to <code class="literal">"-"</code>, then the signed zone is
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written to the standard output, with a default output
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format of "full".
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</p></dd>
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<dt><span class="term">-h</span></dt>
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<dd><p>
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Prints a short summary of the options and arguments to
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<span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span>.
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</p></dd>
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<dt><span class="term">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>interval</code></em></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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2007-05-09 03:33:51 +00:00
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When a previously-signed zone is passed as input, records
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may be resigned. The <code class="option">interval</code> option
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specifies the cycle interval as an offset from the current
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time (in seconds). If a RRSIG record expires after the
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cycle interval, it is retained. Otherwise, it is considered
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to be expiring soon, and it will be replaced.
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</p>
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<p>
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The default cycle interval is one quarter of the difference
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between the signature end and start times. So if neither
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<code class="option">end-time</code> or <code class="option">start-time</code>
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are specified, <span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span>
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generates
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signatures that are valid for 30 days, with a cycle
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interval of 7.5 days. Therefore, if any existing RRSIG records
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are due to expire in less than 7.5 days, they would be
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replaced.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term">-I <em class="replaceable"><code>input-format</code></em></span></dt>
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<dd><p>
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The format of the input zone file.
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Possible formats are <span><strong class="command">"text"</strong></span> (default)
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and <span><strong class="command">"raw"</strong></span>.
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This option is primarily intended to be used for dynamic
|
|
|
|
|
|
signed zones so that the dumped zone file in a non-text
|
|
|
|
|
|
format containing updates can be signed directly.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The use of this option does not make much sense for
|
|
|
|
|
|
non-dynamic zones.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-j <em class="replaceable"><code>jitter</code></em></span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
When signing a zone with a fixed signature lifetime, all
|
|
|
|
|
|
RRSIG records issued at the time of signing expires
|
|
|
|
|
|
simultaneously. If the zone is incrementally signed, i.e.
|
2007-05-09 03:33:51 +00:00
|
|
|
|
a previously-signed zone is passed as input to the signer,
|
|
|
|
|
|
all expired signatures have to be regenerated at about the
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
same time. The <code class="option">jitter</code> option specifies a
|
|
|
|
|
|
jitter window that will be used to randomize the signature
|
|
|
|
|
|
expire time, thus spreading incremental signature
|
|
|
|
|
|
regeneration over time.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Signature lifetime jitter also to some extent benefits
|
|
|
|
|
|
validators and servers by spreading out cache expiration,
|
|
|
|
|
|
i.e. if large numbers of RRSIGs don't expire at the same time
|
|
|
|
|
|
from all caches there will be less congestion than if all
|
|
|
|
|
|
validators need to refetch at mostly the same time.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
2011-12-22 18:10:11 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>serial</code></em></span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
When writing a signed zone to 'raw' format, set the "source serial"
|
|
|
|
|
|
value in the header to the specified serial number. (This is
|
|
|
|
|
|
expected to be used primarily for testing purposes.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>ncpus</code></em></span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Specifies the number of threads to use. By default, one
|
|
|
|
|
|
thread is started for each detected CPU.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
2006-04-23 10:14:12 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-N <em class="replaceable"><code>soa-serial-format</code></em></span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
The SOA serial number format of the signed zone.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Possible formats are <span><strong class="command">"keep"</strong></span> (default),
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span><strong class="command">"increment"</strong></span> and
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span><strong class="command">"unixtime"</strong></span>.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">"keep"</strong></span></span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>Do not modify the SOA serial number.</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">"increment"</strong></span></span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>Increment the SOA serial number using RFC 1982
|
|
|
|
|
|
arithmetics.</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">"unixtime"</strong></span></span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>Set the SOA serial number to the number of seconds
|
|
|
|
|
|
since epoch.</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</dl></div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-o <em class="replaceable"><code>origin</code></em></span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
The zone origin. If not specified, the name of the zone file
|
|
|
|
|
|
is assumed to be the origin.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-O <em class="replaceable"><code>output-format</code></em></span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
The format of the output file containing the signed zone.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Possible formats are <span><strong class="command">"text"</strong></span> (default)
|
2011-12-10 01:14:53 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<span><strong class="command">"full"</strong></span>, which is text output in a
|
|
|
|
|
|
format suitable for processing by external scripts,
|
|
|
|
|
|
and <span><strong class="command">"raw"</strong></span> or <span><strong class="command">"raw=N"</strong></span>,
|
|
|
|
|
|
which store the zone in a binary format for rapid loading
|
|
|
|
|
|
by <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>. <span><strong class="command">"raw=N"</strong></span>
|
|
|
|
|
|
specifies the format version of the raw zone file: if N
|
|
|
|
|
|
is 0, the raw file can be read by any version of
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>; if N is 1, the file can be
|
|
|
|
|
|
read by release 9.9.0 or higher. The default is 1.
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-p</span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Use pseudo-random data when signing the zone. This is faster,
|
|
|
|
|
|
but less secure, than using real random data. This option
|
|
|
|
|
|
may be useful when signing large zones or when the entropy
|
|
|
|
|
|
source is limited.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
2009-06-05 01:12:33 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-P</span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Disable post sign verification tests.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
The post sign verification test ensures that for each algorithm
|
2009-06-06 01:12:32 +00:00
|
|
|
|
in use there is at least one non revoked self signed KSK key,
|
|
|
|
|
|
that all revoked KSK keys are self signed, and that all records
|
2009-06-05 01:12:33 +00:00
|
|
|
|
in the zone are signed by the algorithm.
|
2009-06-06 01:12:32 +00:00
|
|
|
|
This option skips these tests.
|
2009-06-05 01:12:33 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
2011-03-22 01:14:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-R</span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Remove signatures from keys that no longer exist.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Normally, when a previously-signed zone is passed as input
|
|
|
|
|
|
to the signer, and a DNSKEY record has been removed and
|
|
|
|
|
|
replaced with a new one, signatures from the old key
|
|
|
|
|
|
that are still within their validity period are retained.
|
|
|
|
|
|
This allows the zone to continue to validate with cached
|
|
|
|
|
|
copies of the old DNSKEY RRset. The <code class="option">-R</code> forces
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span> to remove all orphaned
|
|
|
|
|
|
signatures.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>randomdev</code></em></span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Specifies the source of randomness. If the operating
|
|
|
|
|
|
system does not provide a <code class="filename">/dev/random</code>
|
|
|
|
|
|
or equivalent device, the default source of randomness
|
|
|
|
|
|
is keyboard input. <code class="filename">randomdev</code>
|
|
|
|
|
|
specifies
|
|
|
|
|
|
the name of a character device or file containing random
|
|
|
|
|
|
data to be used instead of the default. The special value
|
|
|
|
|
|
<code class="filename">keyboard</code> indicates that keyboard
|
|
|
|
|
|
input should be used.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
2009-07-19 04:27:56 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-S</span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Smart signing: Instructs <span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span> to
|
|
|
|
|
|
search the key repository for keys that match the zone being
|
|
|
|
|
|
signed, and to include them in the zone if appropriate.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
When a key is found, its timing metadata is examined to
|
|
|
|
|
|
determine how it should be used, according to the following
|
|
|
|
|
|
rules. Each successive rule takes priority over the prior
|
|
|
|
|
|
ones:
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If no timing metadata has been set for the key, the key is
|
|
|
|
|
|
published in the zone and used to sign the zone.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If the key's publication date is set and is in the past, the
|
|
|
|
|
|
key is published in the zone.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If the key's activation date is set and in the past, the
|
|
|
|
|
|
key is published (regardless of publication date) and
|
|
|
|
|
|
used to sign the zone.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If the key's revocation date is set and in the past, and the
|
|
|
|
|
|
key is published, then the key is revoked, and the revoked key
|
|
|
|
|
|
is used to sign the zone.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If either of the key's unpublication or deletion dates are set
|
|
|
|
|
|
and in the past, the key is NOT published or used to sign the
|
|
|
|
|
|
zone, regardless of any other metadata.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</dl></div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-T <em class="replaceable"><code>ttl</code></em></span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
2011-03-18 01:14:34 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Specifies a TTL to be used for new DNSKEY records imported
|
|
|
|
|
|
into the zone from the key repository. If not
|
|
|
|
|
|
specified, the default is the TTL value from the zone's SOA
|
2009-09-03 01:14:42 +00:00
|
|
|
|
record. This option is ignored when signing without
|
|
|
|
|
|
<code class="option">-S</code>, since DNSKEY records are not imported
|
|
|
|
|
|
from the key repository in that case. It is also ignored if
|
|
|
|
|
|
there are any pre-existing DNSKEY records at the zone apex,
|
|
|
|
|
|
in which case new records' TTL values will be set to match
|
2011-03-18 01:14:34 +00:00
|
|
|
|
them, or if any of the imported DNSKEY records had a default
|
|
|
|
|
|
TTL value. In the event of a a conflict between TTL values in
|
|
|
|
|
|
imported keys, the shortest one is used.
|
2009-07-19 04:27:56 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-t</span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Print statistics at completion.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
2009-09-26 01:14:51 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-u</span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Update NSEC/NSEC3 chain when re-signing a previously signed
|
|
|
|
|
|
zone. With this option, a zone signed with NSEC can be
|
|
|
|
|
|
switched to NSEC3, or a zone signed with NSEC3 can
|
|
|
|
|
|
be switch to NSEC or to NSEC3 with different parameters.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Without this option, <span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span> will
|
|
|
|
|
|
retain the existing chain when re-signing.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-v <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sets the debugging level.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
2009-10-11 01:14:49 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-x</span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Only sign the DNSKEY RRset with key-signing keys, and omit
|
2009-10-12 23:16:15 +00:00
|
|
|
|
signatures from zone-signing keys. (This is similar to the
|
2009-12-04 01:13:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<span><strong class="command">dnssec-dnskey-kskonly yes;</strong></span> zone option in
|
2009-10-12 23:16:15 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>.)
|
2009-10-11 01:14:49 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-z</span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
2009-10-11 01:14:49 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Ignore KSK flag on key when determining what to sign. This
|
|
|
|
|
|
causes KSK-flagged keys to sign all records, not just the
|
2009-10-12 23:16:15 +00:00
|
|
|
|
DNSKEY RRset. (This is similar to the
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span><strong class="command">update-check-ksk no;</strong></span> zone option in
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>.)
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
2008-09-25 04:45:05 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-3 <em class="replaceable"><code>salt</code></em></span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
2009-09-30 01:14:47 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Generate an NSEC3 chain with the given hex encoded salt.
|
2008-09-25 04:45:05 +00:00
|
|
|
|
A dash (<em class="replaceable"><code>salt</code></em>) can
|
|
|
|
|
|
be used to indicate that no salt is to be used when generating the NSEC3 chain.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-H <em class="replaceable"><code>iterations</code></em></span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
2009-09-30 01:14:47 +00:00
|
|
|
|
When generating an NSEC3 chain, use this many interations. The
|
|
|
|
|
|
default is 10.
|
2008-09-25 04:45:05 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">-A</span></dt>
|
2009-09-26 01:14:51 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
2009-09-30 01:14:47 +00:00
|
|
|
|
When generating an NSEC3 chain set the OPTOUT flag on all
|
2008-09-25 04:45:05 +00:00
|
|
|
|
NSEC3 records and do not generate NSEC3 records for insecure
|
|
|
|
|
|
delegations.
|
2009-09-26 01:14:51 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Using this option twice (i.e., <code class="option">-AA</code>)
|
|
|
|
|
|
turns the OPTOUT flag off for all records. This is useful
|
|
|
|
|
|
when using the <code class="option">-u</code> option to modify an NSEC3
|
|
|
|
|
|
chain which previously had OPTOUT set.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">zonefile</span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
The file containing the zone to be signed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt><span class="term">key</span></dt>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>
|
2007-05-09 03:33:51 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Specify which keys should be used to sign the zone. If
|
|
|
|
|
|
no keys are specified, then the zone will be examined
|
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for DNSKEY records at the zone apex. If these are found and
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|
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there are matching private keys, in the current directory,
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then these will be used for signing.
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
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</p></dd>
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</dl></div>
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</div>
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|
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
|
2012-03-07 01:41:11 +00:00
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<a name="id2672637"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
|
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<p>
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The following command signs the <strong class="userinput"><code>example.com</code></strong>
|
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zone with the DSA key generated by <span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span>
|
2009-10-12 23:16:15 +00:00
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(Kexample.com.+003+17247). Because the <span><strong class="command">-S</strong></span> option
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is not being used, the zone's keys must be in the master file
|
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(<code class="filename">db.example.com</code>). This invocation looks
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for <code class="filename">dsset</code> files, in the current directory,
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so that DS records can be imported from them (<span><strong class="command">-g</strong></span>).
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
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</p>
|
2007-05-09 03:33:51 +00:00
|
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|
<pre class="programlisting">% dnssec-signzone -g -o example.com db.example.com \
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Kexample.com.+003+17247
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db.example.com.signed
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%</pre>
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
|
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|
<p>
|
2007-05-09 03:33:51 +00:00
|
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|
In the above example, <span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span> creates
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
|
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|
the file <code class="filename">db.example.com.signed</code>. This
|
2007-05-09 03:33:51 +00:00
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file should be referenced in a zone statement in a
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
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|
<code class="filename">named.conf</code> file.
|
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|
|
</p>
|
2007-05-09 03:33:51 +00:00
|
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|
<p>
|
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|
|
This example re-signs a previously signed zone with default parameters.
|
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|
|
The private keys are assumed to be in the current directory.
|
|
|
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|
|
</p>
|
|
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|
|
|
<pre class="programlisting">% cp db.example.com.signed db.example.com
|
|
|
|
|
|
% dnssec-signzone -o example.com db.example.com
|
|
|
|
|
|
db.example.com.signed
|
|
|
|
|
|
%</pre>
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
|
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|
</div>
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|
|
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
|
2012-03-07 01:41:11 +00:00
|
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|
|
<a name="id2672716"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
|
|
|
|
|
|
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>,
|
2008-10-15 01:11:35 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<em class="citetitle">RFC 4033</em>.
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
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|
</div>
|
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|
|
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
|
2012-03-07 01:41:11 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<a name="id2672741"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
|
2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
|
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|
</p>
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</div>
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<hr>
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<td width="40%" align="left">
|
2009-07-19 04:27:56 +00:00
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<a accesskey="p" href="man.dnssec-settime.html">Prev</a><EFBFBD></td>
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2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
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<td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="Bv9ARM.ch10.html">Up</a></td>
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<td width="40%" align="right"><EFBFBD><a accesskey="n" href="man.named-checkconf.html">Next</a>
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2007-01-26 23:29:04 +00:00
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2009-07-19 04:27:56 +00:00
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<span class="application">dnssec-settime</span><EFBFBD></td>
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<td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="Bv9ARM.html">Home</a></td>
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2007-01-26 23:29:04 +00:00
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<td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"><EFBFBD><span class="application">named-checkconf</span>
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2005-07-19 06:12:24 +00:00
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