From 6f64d4ab8e68f9b2333bcbfc755396d29a4a9d7c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Automatic Updater As of BIND 9.7.0 it is possible to change a dynamic zone
+ from insecure to signed and back again. A secure zone can use
+ either NSEC or NSEC3 chains. Changing a zone from insecure to secure can be done in two
+ ways: using a dynamic DNS update, or the
+ auto-dnssec zone option. For either method, you need to configure
+ named so that it can see the
+ If one KSK and one ZSK DNSKEY key have been generated, this
+ configuration will cause all records in the zone to be signed
+ with the ZSK, and the DNSKEY RRset to be signed with the KSK as
+ well. An NSEC chain will be generated as part of the initial
+ signing process. To insert the keys via dynamic update: While the update request will complete almost immediately,
+ the zone will not be completely signed until
+ named has had time to walk the zone and
+ generate the NSEC and RRSIG records. The NSEC record at the apex
+ will be added last, to signal that there is a complete NSEC
+ chain. If you wish to sign using NSEC3 instead of NSEC, you should
+ add an NSEC3PARAM record to the initial update request. If you
+ wish the NSEC3 chain to have the OPTOUT bit set, set it in the
+ flags field of the NSEC3PARAM record. Again, this update request will complete almost
+ immediately; however, the record won't show up until
+ named has had a chance to build/remove the
+ relevant chain. A private type record will be created to record
+ the state of the operation (see below for more details), and will
+ be removed once the operation completes. While the initial signing and NSEC/NSEC3 chain generation
+ is happening, other updates are possible as well. To enable automatic signing, add the
+ auto-dnssec option to the zone statement in
+ With
+ auto-dnssec allow,
+ named can search the key directory for keys
+ matching the zone, insert them into the zone, and use them to
+ sign the zone. It will do so only when it receives an
+ rndc sign <zonename>.
+
+ auto-dnssec maintain includes the above
+ functionality, but will also automatically adjust the zone's
+ DNSKEY records on schedule according to the keys' timing metadata.
+ (See dnssec-keygen(8) and
+ dnssec-settime(8) for more information.)
+
+ named will periodically search the key directory
+ for keys matching the zone, and if the keys' metadata indicates
+ that any change should be made the zone, such as adding, removing,
+ or revoking a key, then that action will be carried out. By default,
+ the key directory is checked for changes every 60 minutes; this period
+ can be adjusted with the
+ If keys are present in the key directory the first time the zone
+ is loaded, the zone will be signed immediately, without waiting for an
+ rndc sign or rndc loadkeys
+ command. (Those commands can still be used when there are unscheduled
+ key changes, however.)
+
+ If you wish the zone to be signed using NSEC3 instead of NSEC,
+ submit an NSEC3PARAM record via dynamic update prior to the
+ scheduled publication and activation of the keys. If you wish the
+ NSEC3 chain to have the OPTOUT bit set, set it in the flags field
+ of the NSEC3PARAM record. The NSEC3PARAM record will not appear in
+ the zone immediately, but it will be stored for later reference. When
+ the zone is signed and the NSEC3 chain is completed, the NSEC3PARAM
+ record will appear in the zone.
+ Using the
+ auto-dnssec option requires the zone to be
+ configured to allow dynamic updates, by adding an
+ allow-update or
+ update-policy statement to the zone
+ configuration. If this has not been done, the configuration will
+ fail. The state of the signing process is signaled by
+ private-type records (with a default type value of 65534). When
+ signing is complete, these records will have a nonzero value for
+ the final octet (for those records which have a nonzero initial
+ octet). The private type record format: If the first octet is
+ non-zero then the record indicates that the zone needs to be
+ signed with the key matching the record, or that all signatures
+ that match the record should be removed.
+
+ Only records flagged as "complete" can be removed via
+ dynamic update. Attempts to remove other private type records
+ will be silently ignored. If the first octet is zero (this is a reserved algorithm
+ number that should never appear in a DNSKEY record) then the
+ record indicates changes to the NSEC3 chains are in progress. The
+ rest of the record contains an NSEC3PARAM record. The flag field
+ tells what operation to perform based on the flag bits.
+
+ As with insecure-to-secure conversions, rolling DNSSEC
+ keys can be done in two ways: using a dynamic DNS update, or the
+ auto-dnssec zone option. To perform key rollovers via dynamic update, you need to add
+ the If this is for a KSK you need to inform the parent and any
+ trust anchor repositories of the new KSK. You should then wait for the maximum TTL in the zone before
+ removing the old DNSKEY. If it is a KSK that is being updated,
+ you also need to wait for the DS RRset in the parent to be
+ updated and its TTL to expire. This ensures that all clients will
+ be able to verify at least one signature when you remove the old
+ DNSKEY. The old DNSKEY can be removed via UPDATE. Take care to
+ specify the correct key.
+ named will clean out any signatures generated
+ by the old key after the update completes. When a new key reaches its activation date (as set by
+ dnssec-keygen or dnssec-settime),
+ if the auto-dnssec zone option is set to
+ Add the new NSEC3PARAM record via dynamic update. When the
+ new NSEC3 chain has been generated, the NSEC3PARAM flag field
+ will be zero. At this point you can remove the old NSEC3PARAM
+ record. The old chain will be removed after the update request
+ completes. To do this, you just need to add an NSEC3PARAM record. When
+ the conversion is complete, the NSEC chain will have been removed
+ and the NSEC3PARAM record will have a zero flag field. The NSEC3
+ chain will be generated before the NSEC chain is
+ destroyed. To do this, use nsupdate to
+ remove all NSEC3PARAM records with a zero flag
+ field. The NSEC chain will be generated before the NSEC3 chain is
+ removed. To convert a signed zone to unsigned using dynamic DNS,
+ delete all the DNSKEY records from the zone apex using
+ nsupdate. All signatures, NSEC or NSEC3 chains,
+ and associated NSEC3PARAM records will be removed automatically.
+ This will take place after the update request completes. This requires the
+ dnssec-secure-to-insecure option to be set to
+ In addition, if the auto-dnssec maintain
+ zone statement is used, it should be removed or changed to
+ allow instead (or it will re-sign).
+ In any secure zone which supports dynamic updates, named
+ will periodically re-sign RRsets which have not been re-signed as
+ a result of some update action. The signature lifetimes will be
+ adjusted so as to spread the re-sign load over time rather than
+ all at once.
+ named only supports creating new NSEC3 chains
+ where all the NSEC3 records in the zone have the same OPTOUT
+ state.
+ named supports UPDATES to zones where the NSEC3
+ records in the chain have mixed OPTOUT state.
+ named does not support changing the OPTOUT
+ state of an individual NSEC3 record, the entire chain needs to be
+ changed if the OPTOUT state of an individual NSEC3 needs to be
+ changed. To configure a validating resolver to use RFC 5011 to
maintain a trust anchor, configure the trust anchor using a
managed-keys statement. Information about
@@ -1063,7 +1341,7 @@ options {
To set up an authoritative zone for RFC 5011 trust anchor
maintenance, generate two (or more) key signing keys (KSKs) for
the zone. Sign the zone with one of them; this is the "active"
@@ -1137,7 +1415,7 @@ $ See the HSM vendor documentation for information about
installing, initializing, testing and troubleshooting the
HSM.
+
-
@@ -1042,7 +1058,269 @@ options {
-<xi:include></xi:include>
K*
files which contain the public and private
+ parts of the keys that will be used to sign the zone. These files
+ will have been generated by
+ dnssec-keygen. You can do this by placing them
+ in the key-directory, as specified in
+ named.conf
:
+ zone example.net {
+ type master;
+ update-policy local;
+ file "dynamic/example.net/example.net";
+ key-directory "dynamic/example.net";
+ };
+
+
+ % nsupdate
+ > ttl 3600
+ > update add example.net DNSKEY 256 3 7 AwEAAZn17pUF0KpbPA2c7Gz76Vb18v0teKT3EyAGfBfL8eQ8al35zz3Y I1m/SAQBxIqMfLtIwqWPdgthsu36azGQAX8=
+ > update add example.net DNSKEY 257 3 7 AwEAAd/7odU/64o2LGsifbLtQmtO8dFDtTAZXSX2+X3e/UNlq9IHq3Y0 XtC0Iuawl/qkaKVxXe2lo8Ct+dM6UehyCqk=
+ > send
+
+
+ % nsupdate
+ > ttl 3600
+ > update add example.net DNSKEY 256 3 7 AwEAAZn17pUF0KpbPA2c7Gz76Vb18v0teKT3EyAGfBfL8eQ8al35zz3Y I1m/SAQBxIqMfLtIwqWPdgthsu36azGQAX8=
+ > update add example.net DNSKEY 257 3 7 AwEAAd/7odU/64o2LGsifbLtQmtO8dFDtTAZXSX2+X3e/UNlq9IHq3Y0 XtC0Iuawl/qkaKVxXe2lo8Ct+dM6UehyCqk=
+ > update add example.net NSEC3PARAM 1 1 100 1234567890
+ > send
+
+named.conf
.
+ auto-dnssec has two possible arguments:
+ allow
or
+ maintain
.dnssec-loadkeys-interval
, up
+ to a maximum of 24 hours. The rndc loadkeys forces
+ named to check for key updates immediately.
+
+
+ algorithm (octet 1)
+ key id in network order (octet 2 and 3)
+ removal flag (octet 4)
+ complete flag (octet 5)
+
+
+ 0x01 OPTOUT
+ 0x80 CREATE
+ 0x40 REMOVE
+ 0x20 NONSEC
+K*
files for the new keys so that
+ named can find them. You can then add the new
+ DNSKEY RRs via dynamic update.
+ named will then cause the zone to be signed
+ with the new keys. When the signing is complete the private type
+ records will be updated so that the last octet is non
+ zero.maintain
, named will
+ automatically carry out the key rollover. If the key's algorithm
+ has not previously been used to sign the zone, then the zone will
+ be fully signed as quickly as possible. However, if the new key
+ is replacing an existing key of the same algorithm, then the
+ zone will be re-signed incrementally, with signatures from the
+ old key being replaced with signatures from the new key as their
+ signature validity periods expire. By default, this rollover
+ completes in 30 days, after which it will be safe to remove the
+ old key from the DNSKEY RRset.yes
in
+ named.conf
.dnssec-signzone -S -K keys example.net
<
Debian Linux, Solaris x86 and Windows Server 2003.patch -p1 -d openssl-0.9.8l \
when we configure BIND 9.
The AEP Keyper is a highly secure key storage device,
but does not provide hardware cryptographic acceleration. It
can carry out cryptographic operations, but it is probably
@@ -1243,7 +1521,7 @@ $ The SCA-6000 PKCS #11 provider is installed as a system
library, libpkcs11. It is a true crypto accelerator, up to 4
times faster than any CPU, so the flavor shall be
@@ -1287,12 +1565,12 @@ $ When building BIND 9, the location of the custom-built
OpenSSL library must be specified via configure. To link with the PKCS #11 provider, threads must be
enabled in the BIND 9 build. The PKCS #11 library for the AEP Keyper is currently
@@ -1308,7 +1586,7 @@ $ To link with the PKCS #11 provider, threads must be
enabled in the BIND 9 build. BIND 9 includes a minimal set of tools to operate the
HSM, including
pkcs11-keygen to generate a new key pair
@@ -1349,7 +1627,7 @@ $ First, we must set up the runtime environment so the
OpenSSL and PKCS #11 libraries can be loaded: The OpenSSL engine can be specified in
named and all of the BIND
dnssec-* tools by using the "-E
@@ -1458,7 +1736,7 @@ $ If you want
named to dynamically re-sign zones using HSM
keys, and/or to to sign new records inserted via nsupdate, then
diff --git a/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch06.html b/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch06.html
index fd2c74b5e9..7193b666bb 100644
--- a/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch06.html
+++ b/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch06.html
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-
+
RPZ
+ Information about errors in response policy zone files,
+ rewritten responses, and at the highest
+ debug levels, mere rewriting
+ attempts.
+
The query-errors category is
specifically intended for debugging purposes: To identify
@@ -1983,7 +1996,7 @@ badresp:1,adberr:0,findfail:0,valfail:0]
This is the grammar of the lwres
statement in the
The lwres statement configures the
name
@@ -2050,7 +2063,7 @@ badresp:1,adberr:0,findfail:0,valfail:0]
masters
lists allow for a common set of masters to be easily used by
@@ -2068,7 +2081,7 @@ badresp:1,adberr:0,findfail:0,valfail:0]
This is the grammar of the options
statement in the
The forwarding facility can be used to create a large site-wide
cache on a few servers, reducing traffic over links to external
@@ -3742,7 +3755,7 @@ options {
Dual-stack servers are used as servers of last resort to work
around
@@ -3953,7 +3966,7 @@ options {
The interfaces and ports that the server will answer queries
from may be specified using the listen-on option. listen-on takes
@@ -4421,7 +4434,7 @@ avoid-v6-udp-ports {};
use-v4-udp-ports,
avoid-v4-udp-ports,
@@ -4463,7 +4476,7 @@ avoid-v6-udp-ports { 40000; range 50000 60000; };
The server's usage of many system resources can be limited.
Scaled values are allowed when specifying resource limits. For
@@ -4625,7 +4638,7 @@ avoid-v6-udp-ports { 40000; range 50000 60000; };
@@ -5464,7 +5477,7 @@ avoid-v6-udp-ports { 40000; range 50000 60000; };
BIND 9 provides the ability to filter
out DNS responses from external DNS servers containing
@@ -5587,131 +5600,228 @@ deny-answer-aliases { "example.net"; };
BIND 9 includes an intentionally limited
mechanism to modify DNS responses for recursive requests
- similar to email anti-spam DNS blacklists.
- All response policy zones are named in the
+ somewhat similar to email anti-spam DNS blacklists.
+ Responses can be changed to deny the existence of domains(NXDOMAIN),
+ deny the existence of IP addresses for domains (NODATA),
+ or contain other IP addresses or data.
+
+ The actions encoded in a response policy zone (RPZ) are applied
+ only to queries that ask for recursion (RD=1).
+ Response policy zones are named in the
response-policy option for the view or among the
global options if there is no response-policy option for the view.
-
- The rules encoded in a response policy zone (RPZ) are applied
- only to responses to queries that ask for recursion (RD=1).
- RPZs are normal DNS zones containing RRsets
+ RPZs are ordinary DNS zones containing RRsets
that can be queried normally if allowed.
It is usually best to restrict those queries with something like
- allow-query {none; }; or
- allow-query { 127.0.0.1; };.
+ allow-query { localhost; };.
- There are four kinds of RPZ rewrite rules. QNAME rules are
- applied to query names in requests and to targets of CNAME
- records resolved in the process of generating the response.
- The owner name of a QNAME rule is the query name relativized
+ There are four kinds of RPZ records, QNAME, IP, NSIP,
+ and NSDNAME.
+ QNAME records are applied to query names of requests and targets
+ of CNAME records resolved to generate the response.
+ The owner name of a QNAME RPZ record is the query name relativized
to the RPZ.
- The records in a rewrite rule are usually A, AAAA, or special
- CNAMEs, but can be any type except DNAME.
- IP rules are triggered by addresses in A and AAAA records.
- All IP addresses in A or AAAA RRsets are tested and the rule
- longest prefix is applied. Ties between rules with equal prefixes
- are broken in favor of the first RPZ mentioned in the
- response-policy option.
- The rule matching the smallest IP address is chosen among equal
- prefix rules from a single RPZ.
- IP rules are expressed in RRsets with owner names that are
- subdomains of rpz-ip and encoding an IP address block, reversed
- as in IN-ARPA.
- prefix.B.B.B.B with prefix between 1 and 32 and B between 1 and 255
- encodes an IPv4 address.
- IPv6 addresses are encoded by with prefix.W.W.W.W.W.W.W.W or
- prefix.WORDS.zz.WORDS. The words in the standard IPv6 text
- representation are reversed, "::" is replaced with ".zz.",
- and ":" becomes ".".
+ The second kind of RPZ record, an IP policy record,
+ is triggered by addresses in A and AAAA records
+ for the ANSWER sections of responses.
+ IP policy records have owner names that are
+ subdomains of
- NSDNAME rules match names in NS RRsets for the response or a
- parent. They are encoded as subdomains of rpz-nsdomain relativized
+ NSDNAME policy records match names of authoritative servers
+ for the query name, a parent of the query name, a CNAME,
+ or a parent of a CNAME.
+ They are encoded as subdomains of
+
- NSIP rules match IP addresses in A and AAAA RRsets for names of
- responsible servers or the names that can be matched by NSDNAME
- rules. The are encoded like IP rules except as subdomains of
- rpz-nsip.
+ NSIP policy records match IP addresses in A and AAAA RRsets
+ for domains that can be checked against NSDNAME policy records.
+ The are encoded like IP policies except as subdomains of
+
- Authority verification issues and variations in authority data in
- the current version of BIND 9 can cause
- inconsistent results from NSIP and NSDNAME. So they are available
+ The query response is checked against all RPZs, so
+ two or more policy records can apply to a single response.
+ Because DNS responses can be rewritten according by at most a
+ single policy record, a single policy (other than
+ DISABLED policies) must be chosen.
+ Policies are chosen in the following order:
+
+
+ When the processing of a response is restarted to resolve
+ DNAME or CNAME records and an applicable policy record set has
+ not been found,
+ all RPZs are again consulted for the DNAME or CNAME names
+ and addresses.
+
+ Authority verification issues and variations in authority data
+ can cause inconsistent results for NSIP and NSDNAME policy records.
+ Glue NS records often differ from authoritative NS records.
+ So they are available
only when BIND is built with the
- Four policies can be expressed.
- The NXDOMAIN policy causes a NXDOMAIN response
- and is expressed with an RRset consisting of a single CNAME
- whose target is the root domain (.).
- NODATA generates NODATA or ANCOUNT=1 regardless
- of query type.
- It is expressed with a CNAME whose target is the wildcard
- top-level domain (*.).
- The NO-OP policy does not change the response
- and is used to "poke holes" in policies for larger CIDR blocks or in
- zones named later in the response-policy option.
- The NO-OP policy is expressed by a CNAME with a target consisting
- of the variable part of the owner name, such as "example.com." for
- a QNAME rule or "128.1.0.0.127." for an IP rule.
- The CNAME policy is used to replace the RRsets
- of response.
- A and AAAA RRsets are most common and useful to capture
- an evil domain in a walled garden, but any valid set of RRsets
- is possible.
+ RPZ record sets are special CNAME records or one or more
+ of any types of DNS record except DNAME or DNSSEC.
+ Except when a policy record is a CNAME, there can be more
+ more than one record and more than one type
+ in a set of policy records.
+ Except for three kinds of CNAME records that are illegal except
+ in policy zones, the records in a set are used in the response as if
+ their owner name were the query name. They are copied to the
+ response as dictated by their types.
+
- All of the policies in an RPZ can be overridden with a
- policy clause.
- given says "do not override."
- no-op says "do nothing" regardless of the policy
- in RPZ records.
- nxdomain causes all RPZ rules to generate
- NXDOMAIN results.
- nodata gives nodata.
- cname domain causes all RPZ rules to act as if
- the consisted of a "cname domain" record.
+ The policies specified in individual records
+ in an RPZ can be overridden with a policy clause
+ in the response-policy option.
+ An organization using an RPZ provided by another organization might
+ use this mechanism to redirect domains to its own walled garden.
+
For example, you might use this option statement
and this zone statement
with this zone file
The statistics-channels statement
@@ -5986,7 +6096,7 @@ ns.domain.com.rpz-nsdname CNAME .
The trusted-keys statement defines
@@ -6026,7 +6136,7 @@ ns.domain.com.rpz-nsdname CNAME .
The view statement is a powerful
feature
@@ -6462,10 +6572,10 @@ zone
The zone's name may optionally be followed by a class. If
a class is not specified, class
@@ -7678,7 +7788,7 @@ example.com. NS ns2.example.net.
A domain name identifies a node. Each node has a set of
resource information, which may be empty. The set of resource
@@ -8428,7 +8538,7 @@ example.com. NS ns2.example.net.
RRs are represented in binary form in the packets of the DNS
protocol, and are usually represented in highly encoded form
@@ -8631,7 +8741,7 @@ example.com. NS ns2.example.net.
As described above, domain servers store information as a
series of resource records, each of which contains a particular
@@ -8887,7 +8997,7 @@ example.com. NS ns2.example.net.
Reverse name resolution (that is, translation from IP address
to name) is achieved by means of the in-addr.arpa domain
@@ -8948,7 +9058,7 @@ example.com. NS ns2.example.net.
The Master File Format was initially defined in RFC 1035 and
has subsequently been extended. While the Master File Format
@@ -8963,7 +9073,7 @@ example.com. NS ns2.example.net.
When used in the label (or name) field, the asperand or
at-sign (@) symbol represents the current origin.
@@ -8974,7 +9084,7 @@ example.com. NS ns2.example.net.
Syntax: $ORIGIN
Syntax: $INCLUDE
Syntax: $TTL
Syntax: $GENERATE
Socket I/O statistics counters are defined per socket
types, which are
@@ -10731,7 +10841,7 @@ HOST-127.EXAMPLE. MX 0 .
Most statistics counters that were available
in BIND 8 are also supported in
diff --git a/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch07.html b/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch07.html
index b56546b5be..ab062de58a 100644
--- a/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch07.html
+++ b/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch07.html
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-
+
Table of Contents
On UNIX servers, it is possible to run BIND
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ zone "example.com" {
In order for a chroot environment
to
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ zone "example.com" {
Prior to running the named daemon,
use
diff --git a/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch08.html b/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch08.html
index f7617a84bd..5ee56b3f98 100644
--- a/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch08.html
+++ b/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch08.html
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-
+
Table of Contents
The best solution to solving installation and
configuration issues is to take preventative measures by setting
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
Zone serial numbers are just numbers — they aren't
date related. A lot of people set them to a number that
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@
The Internet Systems Consortium
(ISC) offers a wide range
diff --git a/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch09.html b/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch09.html
index cfccba3e18..cea9585538 100644
--- a/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch09.html
+++ b/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.ch09.html
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-
+
Table of Contents [RFC974] Mail Routing and the Domain System. January 1986. [RFC974] Mail Routing and the Domain System. January 1986. [RFC1995] Incremental Zone Transfer in DNS. August 1996. [RFC1995] Incremental Zone Transfer in DNS. August 1996. [RFC1996] A Mechanism for Prompt Notification of Zone Changes. August 1996. [RFC1996] A Mechanism for Prompt Notification of Zone Changes. August 1996. [RFC2136] Dynamic Updates in the Domain Name System. April 1997. [RFC2136] Dynamic Updates in the Domain Name System. April 1997. [RFC2671] Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0). August 1997. [RFC2671] Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0). August 1997. [RFC2672] Non-Terminal DNS Name Redirection. August 1999. [RFC2672] Non-Terminal DNS Name Redirection. August 1999. [RFC2845] Secret Key Transaction Authentication for DNS (TSIG). May 2000. [RFC2845] Secret Key Transaction Authentication for DNS (TSIG). May 2000. [RFC2930] Secret Key Establishment for DNS (TKEY RR). September 2000. [RFC2930] Secret Key Establishment for DNS (TKEY RR). September 2000. [RFC2931] DNS Request and Transaction Signatures (SIG(0)s). September 2000. [RFC2931] DNS Request and Transaction Signatures (SIG(0)s). September 2000. [RFC3007] Secure Domain Name System (DNS) Dynamic Update. November 2000. [RFC3007] Secure Domain Name System (DNS) Dynamic Update. November 2000. [RFC3645] Generic Security Service Algorithm for Secret
+ [RFC3645] Generic Security Service Algorithm for Secret
Key Transaction Authentication for DNS
(GSS-TSIG). October 2003. [RFC3225] Indicating Resolver Support of DNSSEC. December 2001. [RFC3225] Indicating Resolver Support of DNSSEC. December 2001. [RFC3833] Threat Analysis of the Domain Name System (DNS). August 2004. [RFC3833] Threat Analysis of the Domain Name System (DNS). August 2004. [RFC4033] DNS Security Introduction and Requirements. March 2005. [RFC4033] DNS Security Introduction and Requirements. March 2005. [RFC4034] Resource Records for the DNS Security Extensions. March 2005. [RFC4034] Resource Records for the DNS Security Extensions. March 2005. [RFC4035] Protocol Modifications for the DNS
+ [RFC4035] Protocol Modifications for the DNS
Security Extensions. March 2005. [RFC1535] A Security Problem and Proposed Correction With Widely
+ [RFC1535] A Security Problem and Proposed Correction With Widely
Deployed DNS Software.. October 1993. [RFC1536] Common DNS Implementation
+ [RFC1536] Common DNS Implementation
Errors and Suggested Fixes. October 1993. [RFC4074] Common Misbehaviour Against DNS
+ [RFC4074] Common Misbehaviour Against DNS
Queries for IPv6 Addresses. May 2005. [RFC1706] DNS NSAP Resource Records. October 1994. [RFC1706] DNS NSAP Resource Records. October 1994. [RFC2168] Resolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers using
+ [RFC2168] Resolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers using
the Domain Name System. June 1997. [RFC1876] A Means for Expressing Location Information in the
+ [RFC1876] A Means for Expressing Location Information in the
Domain
Name System. January 1996. [RFC2052] A DNS RR for Specifying the
+ [RFC2052] A DNS RR for Specifying the
Location of
Services.. October 1996. [RFC2163] Using the Internet DNS to
+ [RFC2163] Using the Internet DNS to
Distribute MIXER
Conformant Global Address Mapping. January 1998. [RFC2230] Key Exchange Delegation Record for the DNS. October 1997. [RFC2230] Key Exchange Delegation Record for the DNS. October 1997. [RFC2536] DSA KEYs and SIGs in the Domain Name System (DNS). March 1999. [RFC2536] DSA KEYs and SIGs in the Domain Name System (DNS). March 1999. [RFC2537] RSA/MD5 KEYs and SIGs in the Domain Name System (DNS). March 1999. [RFC2537] RSA/MD5 KEYs and SIGs in the Domain Name System (DNS). March 1999. [RFC2538] Storing Certificates in the Domain Name System (DNS). March 1999. [RFC2538] Storing Certificates in the Domain Name System (DNS). March 1999. [RFC2539] Storage of Diffie-Hellman Keys in the Domain Name System (DNS). March 1999. [RFC2539] Storage of Diffie-Hellman Keys in the Domain Name System (DNS). March 1999. [RFC2540] Detached Domain Name System (DNS) Information. March 1999. [RFC2540] Detached Domain Name System (DNS) Information. March 1999. [RFC2782] A DNS RR for specifying the location of services (DNS SRV). February 2000. [RFC2782] A DNS RR for specifying the location of services (DNS SRV). February 2000. [RFC2915] The Naming Authority Pointer (NAPTR) DNS Resource Record. September 2000. [RFC2915] The Naming Authority Pointer (NAPTR) DNS Resource Record. September 2000. [RFC3110] RSA/SHA-1 SIGs and RSA KEYs in the Domain Name System (DNS). May 2001. [RFC3110] RSA/SHA-1 SIGs and RSA KEYs in the Domain Name System (DNS). May 2001. [RFC3123] A DNS RR Type for Lists of Address Prefixes (APL RR). June 2001. [RFC3123] A DNS RR Type for Lists of Address Prefixes (APL RR). June 2001. [RFC1101] DNS Encoding of Network Names
+ [RFC1101] DNS Encoding of Network Names
and Other Types. April 1989. [RFC1123] Requirements for Internet Hosts - Application and
+ [RFC1123] Requirements for Internet Hosts - Application and
Support. October 1989. [RFC1591] Domain Name System Structure and Delegation. March 1994. [RFC1591] Domain Name System Structure and Delegation. March 1994. [RFC2317] Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA Delegation. March 1998. [RFC2317] Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA Delegation. March 1998. [RFC1033] Domain administrators operations guide.. November 1987. [RFC1033] Domain administrators operations guide.. November 1987. [RFC1912] Common DNS Operational and
+ [RFC1912] Common DNS Operational and
Configuration Errors. February 1996. [RFC2825] A Tangled Web: Issues of I18N, Domain Names,
+ [RFC2825] A Tangled Web: Issues of I18N, Domain Names,
and the Other Internet protocols. May 2000. [RFC3490] Internationalizing Domain Names in Applications (IDNA). March 2003. [RFC3490] Internationalizing Domain Names in Applications (IDNA). March 2003. [RFC1464] Using the Domain Name System To Store Arbitrary String
+ [RFC1464] Using the Domain Name System To Store Arbitrary String
Attributes. May 1993. [RFC1713] Tools for DNS Debugging. November 1994. [RFC1713] Tools for DNS Debugging. November 1994. [RFC2240] A Legal Basis for Domain Name Allocation. November 1997. [RFC2240] A Legal Basis for Domain Name Allocation. November 1997. [RFC2345] Domain Names and Company Name Retrieval. May 1998. [RFC2345] Domain Names and Company Name Retrieval. May 1998. [RFC2352] A Convention For Using Legal Names as Domain Names. May 1998. [RFC2352] A Convention For Using Legal Names as Domain Names. May 1998. [RFC3071] Reflections on the DNS, RFC 1591, and Categories of Domains. February 2001. [RFC3071] Reflections on the DNS, RFC 1591, and Categories of Domains. February 2001. [RFC3258] Distributing Authoritative Name Servers via
+ [RFC3258] Distributing Authoritative Name Servers via
Shared Unicast Addresses. April 2002. [RFC3901] DNS IPv6 Transport Operational Guidelines. September 2004. [RFC3901] DNS IPv6 Transport Operational Guidelines. September 2004. [RFC1712] DNS Encoding of Geographical
+ [RFC1712] DNS Encoding of Geographical
Location. November 1994. [RFC2065] Domain Name System Security Extensions. January 1997. [RFC2065] Domain Name System Security Extensions. January 1997. [RFC2137] Secure Domain Name System Dynamic Update. April 1997. [RFC2137] Secure Domain Name System Dynamic Update. April 1997. [RFC2535] Domain Name System Security Extensions. March 1999. [RFC2535] Domain Name System Security Extensions. March 1999. [RFC3008] Domain Name System Security (DNSSEC)
+ [RFC3008] Domain Name System Security (DNSSEC)
Signing Authority. November 2000. [RFC3090] DNS Security Extension Clarification on Zone Status. March 2001. [RFC3090] DNS Security Extension Clarification on Zone Status. March 2001. [RFC3445] Limiting the Scope of the KEY Resource Record (RR). December 2002. [RFC3445] Limiting the Scope of the KEY Resource Record (RR). December 2002. [RFC3655] Redefinition of DNS Authenticated Data (AD) bit. November 2003. [RFC3655] Redefinition of DNS Authenticated Data (AD) bit. November 2003. [RFC3658] Delegation Signer (DS) Resource Record (RR). December 2003. [RFC3658] Delegation Signer (DS) Resource Record (RR). December 2003. [RFC3755] Legacy Resolver Compatibility for Delegation Signer (DS). May 2004. [RFC3755] Legacy Resolver Compatibility for Delegation Signer (DS). May 2004. [RFC3757] Domain Name System KEY (DNSKEY) Resource Record
+ [RFC3757] Domain Name System KEY (DNSKEY) Resource Record
(RR) Secure Entry Point (SEP) Flag. April 2004. [RFC3845] DNS Security (DNSSEC) NextSECure (NSEC) RDATA Format. August 2004. [RFC3845] DNS Security (DNSSEC) NextSECure (NSEC) RDATA Format. August 2004. DNS and BIND. Copyright © 1998 Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly and Associates. DNS and BIND. Copyright © 1998 Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly and Associates. GNU make is required to build the export libraries (other
part of BIND 9 can still be built with other types of make). In
the reminder of this document, "make" means GNU make. Note that
@@ -657,7 +657,7 @@
Currently, win32 is not supported for the export
library. (Normal BIND 9 application can be built as
@@ -734,7 +734,7 @@ $ The IRS library supports an "advanced" configuration file
related to the DNS library for configuration parameters that
would be beyond the capability of the
@@ -752,14 +752,14 @@ $ Some sample application programs using this API are
provided for reference. The following is a brief description of
these applications.
It sends a query of a given name (of a given optional RR type) to a
specified recursive server, and prints the result as a list of
@@ -823,7 +823,7 @@ $
Similar to "sample", but accepts a list
of (query) domain names as a separate file and resolves the names
@@ -864,7 +864,7 @@ $
It sends a query to a specified server, and
prints the response with minimal processing. It doesn't act as a
@@ -905,7 +905,7 @@ $
This is a test program
to check getaddrinfo() and getnameinfo() behavior. It takes a
@@ -922,7 +922,7 @@ $
It accepts a single update command as a
command-line argument, sends an update request message to the
@@ -1017,7 +1017,7 @@ $
It checks a set
of domains to see the name servers of the domains behave
@@ -1074,7 +1074,7 @@ $ As of this writing, there is no formal "manual" of the
libraries, except this document, header files (some of them
provide pretty detailed explanations), and sample application
diff --git a/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.html b/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.html
index 71ae84e5ed..ac24b904d1 100644
--- a/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.html
+++ b/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.html
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-
+
arpaname translates IP addresses (IPv4 and
IPv6) to the corresponding IN-ADDR.ARPA or IP6.ARPA names.
ddns-confgen
generates a key for use by nsupdate
and named. It simplifies configuration
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
dig
(domain information groper) is a flexible tool
for interrogating DNS name servers. It performs DNS lookups and
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@
The dig
provides a number of query options which affect
the way in which lookups are made and the results displayed. Some of
@@ -596,7 +596,7 @@
The BIND 9 implementation of dig
supports
@@ -642,7 +642,7 @@ dig +qr www.isc.org any -x 127.0.0.1 isc.org ns +noqr
If dig has been built with IDN (internationalized
domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names.
@@ -656,14 +656,14 @@ dig +qr www.isc.org any -x 127.0.0.1 isc.org ns +noqr
host(1),
named(8),
dnssec-keygen(8),
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ dig +qr www.isc.org any -x 127.0.0.1 isc.org ns +noqr
There are probably too many query options.
dnssec-dsfromkey
outputs the Delegation Signer (DS) resource record (RR), as defined in
RFC 3658 and RFC 4509, for the given key(s).
The keyfile can be designed by the key identification
dnssec-keygen(8),
dnssec-signzone(8),
BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual,
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
dnssec-keyfromlabel
gets keys with the given label from a crypto hardware and builds
key files for DNSSEC (Secure DNS), as defined in RFC 2535
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@
Dates can be expressed in the format YYYYMMDD or YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.
If the argument begins with a '+' or '-', it is interpreted as
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@
When dnssec-keyfromlabel completes
successfully,
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@
dnssec-keygen(8),
dnssec-signzone(8),
BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual,
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@
dnssec-keygen
generates keys for DNSSEC (Secure DNS), as defined in RFC 2535
and RFC 4034. It can also generate keys for use with
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
Dates can be expressed in the format YYYYMMDD or YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.
If the argument begins with a '+' or '-', it is interpreted as
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@
To generate a 768-bit DSA key for the domain
dnssec-signzone(8),
BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual,
RFC 2539,
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@
dnssec-revoke
reads a DNSSEC key file, sets the REVOKED bit on the key as defined
in RFC 5011, and creates a new pair of key files containing the
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
dnssec-settime
reads a DNSSEC private key file and sets the key timing metadata
as specified by the
Dates can be expressed in the format YYYYMMDD or YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.
If the argument begins with a '+' or '-', it is interpreted as
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@
dnssec-settime can also be used to print the
timing metadata associated with a key.
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@
dnssec-keygen(8),
dnssec-signzone(8),
BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual,
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@
dnssec-signzone
signs a zone. It generates
NSEC and RRSIG records and produces a signed version of the
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
The following command signs the
genrandom
generates a file or a set of files containing a specified quantity
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
host
is a simple utility for performing DNS lookups.
It is normally used to convert names to IP addresses and vice versa.
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@
If host has been built with IDN (internationalized
domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names.
@@ -216,12 +216,12 @@
dig(1),
named(8).
Versions of BIND 9 up to and including BIND 9.6 had a bug causing
HMAC-SHA* TSIG keys which were longer than the digest length of the
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
Secrets that have been converted by isc-hmac-fixup
are shortened, but as this is how the HMAC protocol works in
@@ -87,14 +87,14 @@
named-checkconf
checks the syntax, but not the semantics, of a
named configuration file. The file is parsed
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
named-checkconf
returns an exit status of 1 if
errors were detected and 0 otherwise.
named-checkzone
checks the syntax and integrity of a zone file. It performs the
same checks as named does when loading a
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
named-checkzone
returns an exit status of 1 if
errors were detected and 0 otherwise.
named-journalprint
prints the contents of a zone journal file in a human-readable
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
named
is a Domain Name System (DNS) server,
part of the BIND 9 distribution from ISC. For more
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@
In routine operation, signals should not be used to control
the nameserver; rndc should be used
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@
The named configuration file is too complex
to describe in detail here. A complete description is provided
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@
nsec3hash generates an NSEC3 hash based on
a set of NSEC3 parameters. This can be used to check the validity
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
nsupdate
is used to submit Dynamic DNS Update requests as defined in RFC 2136
to a name server.
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@
The TSIG key is redundantly stored in two separate files.
This is a consequence of nsupdate using the DST library
diff --git a/doc/arm/man.rndc-confgen.html b/doc/arm/man.rndc-confgen.html
index a4e216d9a7..bf7ef3daf7 100644
--- a/doc/arm/man.rndc-confgen.html
+++ b/doc/arm/man.rndc-confgen.html
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
-
+
rndc-confgen
generates configuration files
for rndc. It can be used as a
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
The name server must be configured to accept rndc connections and
to recognize the key specified in the rndc
controls the operation of a name
server. It supersedes the ndc utility
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@
rndc
does not yet support all the commands of
the BIND 8 ndc utility.
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@
./Configure linux-generic32 -m32 -pthread \
./Configure solaris64-x86_64-cc \
./configure CC="gcc -m32" --enable-threads \
@@ -1331,7 +1609,7 @@ $
./configure CC="cc -xarch=amd64" --enable-thre
./configure CC="cc -xarch=amd64" --enable-thre
@@ -1437,7 +1715,7 @@ example.net.signed
dnssec-signzone -E '' -S example.net
+
+
+
+
+named.conf
file:
@@ -1999,7 +2012,7 @@ badresp:1,adberr:0,findfail:0,valfail:0]
masters
@@ -3698,7 +3711,7 @@ options {
name
[port ip_port
] { ( masters_list
|
ip_addr
[port ip_port
] [key key
] ) ; [...] };
@@ -2058,7 +2071,7 @@ badresp:1,adberr:0,findfail:0,valfail:0]
named.conf
file:
@@ -2269,7 +2282,7 @@ badresp:1,adberr:0,findfail:0,valfail:0]
[ resolver-query-timeout number
; ]
[ deny-answer-addresses { address_match_list
} [ except-from { namelist
} ];]
[ deny-answer-aliases { namelist
} [ except-from { namelist
} ];]
- [ response-policy { zone_name
[ policy given
| no-op
| nxdomain
| nodata
| cname domain
] ; } ; ]
+ [ response-policy { zone_name
[ policy given | disabled | passthru | nxdomain | nodata | cname domain
] ; } ; ]
};
rpz-ip
relativized to the
+ RPZ origin name and encode an IP address or address block.
+ IPv4 addresses are encoded as
+ prefixlength.B4.B3.B2.B1.rpz-ip
.
+ The prefix length must be between 1 and 32.
+ All four bytes, B4, B3, B2, and B1, must be present.
+ B4 is the decimal value of the least significant byte of the
+ IPv4 address as in IN-ADDR.ARPA.
+ IPv6 addresses are encoded in a format similar to the standard
+ IPv6 text representation,
+ prefixlength.W8.W7.W6.W5.W4.W3.W2.W1.rpz-ip
.
+ Each of W8,...,W1 is a one to four digit hexadecimal number
+ representing 16 bits of the IPv6 address as in the standard text
+ representation of IPv6 addresses, but reversed as in IN-ADDR.ARPA.
+ All 8 words must be present except when consecutive
+ zero words are replaced with .zz.
+ analogous to double colons (::) in standard IPv6 text encodings.
+ The prefix length must be between 1 and 128.
rpz-nsdomain
relativized
to the RPZ origin name.
rpz-nsip
.
+
--enable-rpz-nsip
or
--enable-rpz-nsdname
options
on the "configure" command line.
+
+
response-policy { zone "bl"; };
+ response-policy { zone "badlist"; };
zone "bl" {type master; file "example/bl"; allow-query {none;}; };
+ zone "badlist" {type master; file "master/badlist"; allow-query {none;}; };
$TTL 1H
-@ SOA LOCALHOST. named-mgr.example.com (1 1h 15m 30d 2h)
+@ SOA LOCALHOST. named-mgr.example.com (1 1h 15m 30d 2h)
+ NS LOCALHOST.
-; QNAME rules
-nxdomain.domain.com CNAME .
-nodata.domain.com CNAME *.
-bad.domain.com A 10.0.0.1
- AAAA 2001:2::1
-ok.domain.com CNAME ok.domain.com.
-*.badzone.domain.com CNAME garden.example.com.
+; QNAME policy records. There are no periods (.) after the owner names.
+nxdomain.domain.com CNAME . ; NXDOMAIN policy
+nodata.domain.com CNAME *. ; NODATA policy
+bad.domain.com A 10.0.0.1 ; redirect to a walled garden
+ AAAA 2001:2::1
-; IP rules rewriting all answers for 127/8 except 127.0.0.1
-8.0.0.0.127.ip CNAME .
-32.1.0.0.127.ip CNAME 32.1.0.0.127.
+; do not rewrite (PASSTHRU) OK.DOMAIN.COM
+ok.domain.com CNAME ok.domain.com.
-; NSDNAME and NSIP rules
+bzone.domain.com CNAME garden.example.com.
+
+; redirect x.bzone.domain.com to x.bzone.domain.com.garden.example.com
+*.bzone.domain.com CNAME *.garden.example.com.
+
+
+; IP policy records that rewrite all answers for 127/8 except 127.0.0.1
+8.0.0.0.127.rpz-ip CNAME .
+32.1.0.0.127.rpz-ip CNAME 32.1.0.0.127. ; PASSTHRU for 127.0.0.1
+
+; NSDNAME and NSIP policy records
ns.domain.com.rpz-nsdname CNAME .
48.zz.2.2001.rpz-nsip CNAME .
@@ -5926,7 +6036,7 @@ ns.domain.com.rpz-nsdname CNAME .
managed-keys {
string
initial-key number
number
number
string
;
[ string
initial-key number
number
number
string
; [...]]
@@ -6161,7 +6271,7 @@ ns.domain.com.rpz-nsdname CNAME .
zone_name
[
zone_name
[
IN
(for Internet
),
@@ -6767,7 +6877,7 @@ zone zone_name
[
domain-name
@@ -9003,7 +9113,7 @@ WWW.EXAMPLE.COM. CNAME MAIN-SERVER.EXAMPLE.COM.
filename
@@ -9039,7 +9149,7 @@ WWW.EXAMPLE.COM. CNAME MAIN-SERVER.EXAMPLE.COM.
default-ttl
@@ -9058,7 +9168,7 @@ WWW.EXAMPLE.COM. CNAME MAIN-SERVER.EXAMPLE.COM.
range
@@ -9482,7 +9592,7 @@ HOST-127.EXAMPLE. MX 0 .
Standards
Proposed Standards
DNS Security Proposed Standards
Other Important RFCs About DNS
Implementation
Resource Record Types
DNS and the Internet
DNS Operations
Internationalized Domain Names
Obsolete and Unimplemented Experimental RFC
$
./configure --enable-exportlib
$ [other flags]
make
@@ -672,7 +672,7 @@ $ make
$
cd lib/export
$ make install
@@ -694,7 +694,7 @@ $ make install
make
make
make
make
make
make
sample-update -a sample-update -k Kxxx.+nnn+mm
sample-update -a sample-update -k Kxxx.+nnn+mm
+
-
@@ -159,40 +175,40 @@
arpaname
{ipaddress
...}DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
ddns-confgen
[-a
] [algorithm
-h
] [-k
] [keyname
-r
] [ -s randomfile
name
| -z zone
] [-q
] [name]DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
dig
[global-queryopt...] [query...]DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
+OPTIONS
-b
option sets the source IP address of the query
to address
. This must be a valid
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@
QUERY OPTIONS
+QUERY OPTIONS
MULTIPLE QUERIES
+MULTIPLE QUERIES
IDN SUPPORT
+IDN SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
+SEE ALSO
BUGS
+BUGS
dnssec-dsfromkey
{-s} [-1
] [-2
] [-a
] [alg
-K
] [directory
-l
] [domain
-s
] [-c
] [class
-f
] [file
-A
] [-v
] {dnsname}level
DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
FILES
+FILES
Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii
or the full file name
@@ -159,13 +159,13 @@
SEE ALSO
+SEE ALSO
dnssec-keyfromlabel
{-l label
} [-3
] [-a
] [algorithm
-A
] [date/offset
-c
] [class
-D
] [date/offset
-E
] [engine
-f
] [flag
-G
] [-I
] [date/offset
-k
] [-K
] [directory
-L
] [ttl
-n
] [nametype
-P
] [date/offset
-p
] [protocol
-R
] [date/offset
-t
] [type
-v
] [level
-y
] {name}DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
TIMING OPTIONS
+TIMING OPTIONS
GENERATED KEY FILES
+GENERATED KEY FILES
SEE ALSO
+SEE ALSO
dnssec-keygen
[-a
] [algorithm
-b
] [keysize
-n
] [nametype
-3
] [-A
] [date/offset
-C
] [-c
] [class
-D
] [date/offset
-E
] [engine
-e
] [-f
] [flag
-G
] [-g
] [generator
-h
] [-I
] [date/offset
-i
] [interval
-K
] [directory
-L
] [ttl
-k
] [-P
] [date/offset
-p
] [protocol
-q
] [-R
] [date/offset
-r
] [randomdev
-S
] [key
-s
] [strength
-t
] [type
-v
] [level
-z
] {name}DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
TIMING OPTIONS
+TIMING OPTIONS
EXAMPLE
+EXAMPLE
example.com
, the following command would be
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@
SEE ALSO
+SEE ALSO
dnssec-revoke
[-hr
] [-v
] [level
-K
] [directory
-E
] [engine
-f
] {keyfile}DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
dnssec-settime
[-f
] [-K
] [directory
-L
] [ttl
-P
] [date/offset
-A
] [date/offset
-R
] [date/offset
-I
] [date/offset
-D
] [date/offset
-h
] [-v
] [level
-E
] {keyfile}engine
DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
-P
, -A
,
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
TIMING OPTIONS
+TIMING OPTIONS
PRINTING OPTIONS
+PRINTING OPTIONS
SEE ALSO
+SEE ALSO
dnssec-signzone
[-a
] [-c
] [class
-d
] [directory
-D
] [-E
] [engine
-e
] [end-time
-f
] [output-file
-g
] [-h
] [-K
] [directory
-k
] [key
-l
] [domain
-i
] [interval
-I
] [input-format
-j
] [jitter
-N
] [soa-serial-format
-o
] [origin
-O
] [output-format
-P
] [-p
] [-R
] [-r
] [randomdev
-S
] [-s
] [start-time
-T
] [ttl
-t
] [-u
] [-v
] [level
-X
] [extended end-time
-x
] [-z
] [-3
] [salt
-H
] [iterations
-A
] {zonefile} [key...]DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
+EXAMPLE
example.com
zone with the DSA key generated by dnssec-keygen
@@ -478,14 +478,14 @@ db.example.com.signed
%
genrandom
[-n
] {number
size
} {filename
}DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
host
[-aCdlnrsTwv
] [-c
] [class
-N
] [ndots
-R
] [number
-t
] [type
-W
] [wait
-m
] [flag
-4
] [-6
] {name} [server]DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
IDN SUPPORT
+IDN SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
+SEE ALSO
isc-hmac-fixup
{algorithm
} {secret
}DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS
+SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS
named-checkconf
[-h
] [-v
] [-j
] [-t
] {filename} [directory
-p
] [-z
]DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
RETURN VALUES
+RETURN VALUES
named-compilezone
[-d
] [-j
] [-q
] [-v
] [-c
] [class
-C
] [mode
-f
] [format
-F
] [format
-i
] [mode
-k
] [mode
-m
] [mode
-n
] [mode
-r
] [mode
-s
] [style
-t
] [directory
-w
] [directory
-D
] [-W
] {mode
-o
} {zonename} {filename}filename
DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
RETURN VALUES
+RETURN VALUES
named-journalprint
{journal
}DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
named
[-4
] [-6
] [-c
] [config-file
-d
] [debug-level
-E
] [engine-name
-f
] [-g
] [-m
] [flag
-n
] [#cpus
-p
] [port
-s
] [-S
] [#max-socks
-t
] [directory
-u
] [user
-v
] [-V
] [-x
]cache-file
DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
SIGNALS
+SIGNALS
CONFIGURATION
+CONFIGURATION
nsec3hash
{salt
} {algorithm
} {iterations
} {domain
}DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
nsupdate
[-d
] [-D
] [[-g
] | [-o
] | [-l
] | [-y
] | [[hmac:]keyname:secret
-k
]] [keyfile
-t
] [timeout
-u
] [udptimeout
-r
] [udpretries
-R
] [randomdev
-v
] [filename]DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
BUGS
+BUGS
rndc-confgen
[-a
] [-b
] [keysize
-c
] [keyfile
-h
] [-k
] [keyname
-p
] [port
-r
] [randomfile
-s
] [address
-t
] [chrootdir
-u
]user
DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
rndc.conf
DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
rndc.conf
is the configuration file
for rndc, the BIND 9 name server control
utility. This file has a similar structure and syntax to
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
NAME SERVER CONFIGURATION
+NAME SERVER CONFIGURATION
rndc.conf
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@
rndc
[-b
] [source-address
-c
] [config-file
-k
] [key-file
-s
] [server
-p
] [port
-V
] [-y
] {command}key_id
DESCRIPTION
+DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
+OPTIONS
source-address
LIMITATIONS
+LIMITATIONS