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Bob Halley
1999-10-19 19:12:52 +00:00
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commit a1ab2f1fde

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@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@ Internet Draft Fermilab
Christian Huitema Christian Huitema
Susan Thomson Susan Thomson
Bellcore Bellcore
May 20, 1999 October 14, 1999
DNS Extensions to Support IPv6 Address Aggregation and Renumbering DNS Extensions to Support IPv6 Address Aggregation and Renumbering
<draft-ietf-ipngwg-dns-lookups-04.txt> <draft-ietf-ipngwg-dns-lookups-05.txt>
Status of this Memo Status of this Memo
@@ -21,11 +21,7 @@ Status of this Memo
at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet- Drafts as at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet- Drafts as
reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
To view the list Internet-Draft Shadow Directories, see
The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt
The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.
1. Abstract 1. Abstract
@@ -33,9 +29,9 @@ Status of this Memo
This document defines changes to the Domain Name System to support This document defines changes to the Domain Name System to support
renumberable and aggregatable IPv6 addressing. The changes include renumberable and aggregatable IPv6 addressing. The changes include
a new resource record type to store an IPv6 address in a manner a new resource record type to store an IPv6 address in a manner
which expedites network renumbering, and updated definitions of which expedites network renumbering, one new query type and updated
existing query types that return Internet addresses as part of definitions of existing query types that return Internet addresses
additional section processing. as part of additional section processing.
For lookups keyed on IPv6 addresses (often called reverse lookups), For lookups keyed on IPv6 addresses (often called reverse lookups),
this document defines a new zone structure which allows a zone to be this document defines a new zone structure which allows a zone to be
@@ -43,9 +39,9 @@ Status of this Memo
(as for a multihomed provider or site) and across network (as for a multihomed provider or site) and across network
renumbering events. renumbering events.
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Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999 Internet Draft IPv6 DNS October 14, 1999
2. Introduction 2. Introduction
@@ -79,10 +75,10 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
This memo proposes a replacement for the specification in RFC 1886 This memo proposes a replacement for the specification in RFC 1886
and a departure from current implementation practices. The changes and a departure from current implementation practices. The changes
are designed to facilitate network renumbering and multihoming. are designed to facilitate network renumbering and multihoming.
Domains employing the A6 record for IPv6 addresses can have Domains employing the A6 record for IPv6 addresses can insert
automatically-genrerated AAAA records to ease transition. It is automatically-generated AAAA records in zone files to ease
expected that after a reasonable period, RFC 1886 will become transition. It is expected that after a reasonable period, RFC 1886
Historic. will become Historic.
The next three major sections of this document are an overview of The next three major sections of this document are an overview of
the facilities defined or employed by this specification, the the facilities defined or employed by this specification, the
@@ -95,9 +91,9 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
believed that compliance with the suggestion has tangible benefits believed that compliance with the suggestion has tangible benefits
in most instances. in most instances.
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Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999 Internet Draft IPv6 DNS October 14, 1999
3. Overview 3. Overview
@@ -122,9 +118,10 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
An application looking up an IPv6 address will generally cause the An application looking up an IPv6 address will generally cause the
DNS resolver to access several A6 records, and multiple IPv6 DNS resolver to access several A6 records, and multiple IPv6
addresses may be returned even if the queried name was the owner of addresses may be returned even if the queried name was the owner of
only one A6 record. The authenticity [DNSSEC] of the returned only one A6 record. The authenticity of the returned address(es)
address(es) cannot be directly verified. The A6 records which cannot be directly verified by DNS Security [DNSSEC]. The A6
contributed to the address(es) may of course be verified if signed. records which contributed to the address(es) may of course be
verified if signed.
3.2. Underlying Mechanisms for Reverse Lookups 3.2. Underlying Mechanisms for Reverse Lookups
@@ -143,12 +140,12 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
Examples in section 6 will employ the following textual Examples in section 6 will employ the following textual
representation for bit-string labels, which is a subset of the representation for bit-string labels, which is a subset of the
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syntax defined in [BITLBL]. A base indicator "x" for hexadecimal syntax defined in [BITLBL]. A base indicator "x" for hexadecimal
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and a sequence of hexadecimal digits is enclosed between "\[" and and a sequence of hexadecimal digits is enclosed between "\[" and
"]". The bits denoted by the digits represent a sequence of one-bit "]". The bits denoted by the digits represent a sequence of one-bit
domain labels ordered from most to least significant. (This is the domain labels ordered from most to least significant. (This is the
@@ -188,6 +185,10 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
which will cause it to look for a.b.c.w.xy. which will cause it to look for a.b.c.w.xy.
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4. Specifications 4. Specifications
4.1. The A6 Record Type 4.1. The A6 Record Type
@@ -195,10 +196,6 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
The A6 record type is specific to the IN (Internet) class and has The A6 record type is specific to the IN (Internet) class and has
type number 38 (decimal). type number 38 (decimal).
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4.1.1. Format 4.1.1. Format
The RDATA portion of the A6 record contains two or three fields. The RDATA portion of the A6 record contains two or three fields.
@@ -232,24 +229,23 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
4.1.2. Processing 4.1.2. Processing
A query with QTYPE=A6 causes type A and type AAAA additional section A query with QTYPE=A6 causes type A6 and type NS additional section
processing for the QNAME, and type A6 and type NS additional section processing for the prefix names, if any, in the RDATA field of the
processing for the DNS names, if any, in the RDATA field of the A6 A6 records in the answer section. This processing SHOULD be
records in the answer section. When and if the type AAAA record recursively applied to the prefix names of A6 records included as
becomes deprecated, the type AAAA additional section processing for
type A6 queries SHOULD be omitted from new implementations of this Expires April 19, 2000 Crawford et al. [Page 5]
specification.
Internet Draft IPv6 DNS October 14, 1999
additional data. When space in the reply packet is a limit,
inclusion of additional A6 records takes priority over NS records.
It is an error for a A6 record with prefix length L1 > 0 to refer to It is an error for a A6 record with prefix length L1 > 0 to refer to
a domain name which owns a A6 record with a prefix length L2 > L1. a domain name which owns a A6 record with a prefix length L2 > L1.
If such a situation is encountered by a resolver, the A6 record with If such a situation is encountered by a resolver, the A6 record with
the offending (larger) prefix length MUST be ignored. Robustness the offending (larger) prefix length MUST be ignored. Robustness
precludes signalling an error if addresses can still be formed from precludes signaling an error if addresses can still be formed from
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valid A6 records, but it is SUGGESTED that zone maintainers from valid A6 records, but it is SUGGESTED that zone maintainers from
time to time check all the A6 records their zones reference. time to time check all the A6 records their zones reference.
@@ -284,22 +280,26 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
prefix length of zero. One IPv6 address is formed from one such prefix length of zero. One IPv6 address is formed from one such
chain by taking the value of each bit position from the earliest A6 chain by taking the value of each bit position from the earliest A6
record which validly covers that position, as indicated by the record which validly covers that position, as indicated by the
prefix length. The set of all IPv6 records for the given hostname prefix length. The set of all IPv6 addresses for the given hostname
comprises the addresses formed from all complete chains of A6 comprises the addresses formed from all complete chains of A6
records beginning at that hostname, discarding records which have records beginning at that hostname, discarding records which have
invalid prefix lengths as defined in section 4.1.2. invalid prefix lengths as defined in section 4.1.2.
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If some A6 queries fail and others succeed, a client might obtain a
non-empty but incomplete set of IPv6 addresses for a host. In many
situations this may be acceptable. The completeness of a set of A6
records may always be determined by inspection.
4.2. Zone Structure for Reverse Lookups 4.2. Zone Structure for Reverse Lookups
Very little of the new scheme's data actually appears under IP6.INT; Very little of the new scheme's data actually appears under IP6.INT;
only the first level of delegation needs to be under that domain. only the first level of delegation needs to be under that domain.
More levels of delegation could be placed under IP6.INT if some More levels of delegation could be placed under IP6.INT if some
top-level delegations were done via NS records instead of DNAME top-level delegations were done via NS records instead of DNAME
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records, but this would incur some cost in renumbering ease at the records, but this would incur some cost in renumbering ease at the
level of TLAs [AGGR]. Therefore, it is declared here that all level of TLAs [AGGR]. Therefore, it is declared here that all
address space delegations SHOULD be done by the DNAME mechanism address space delegations SHOULD be done by the DNAME mechanism
@@ -330,11 +330,19 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
All existing query types that perform type A additional section All existing query types that perform type A additional section
processing, i.e. the name server (NS), mail exchange (MX), and processing, i.e. the name server (NS), mail exchange (MX), and
mailbox (MB) query types, and the experimental AFS data base (AFSDB) mailbox (MB) query types, and the experimental AFS data base (AFSDB)
and route through (RT) types, must be redefined to perform both type and route through (RT) types, must be redefined to perform type A,
A and type A6 additional section processing. These new definitions A6 and AAAA additional section processing, with type A having the
mean that a name server may add any relevant IPv4 addresses and any highest priority for inclusion and type AAAA the lowest. This
relevant A6 records available locally to the additional section of a redefinition means that a name server may add any relevant IPv4 and
response when processing any one of the above queries. IPv6 address information available locally to the additional section
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of a response when processing any one of the above queries. The
recursive inclusion of A6 records referenced by A6 records already
included in the additional section is OPTIONAL.
6. Usage Illustrations 6. Usage Illustrations
@@ -347,10 +355,6 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
Use of the IPv6 aggregatable address format [AGGR] is assumed in the Use of the IPv6 aggregatable address format [AGGR] is assumed in the
examples. examples.
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6.1. A6 Record Chains 6.1. A6 Record Chains
Let's take the example of a site X that is multi-homed to two Let's take the example of a site X that is multi-homed to two
@@ -380,6 +384,10 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
identifier '1234:5678:9ABC:DEF0'. In our configuration, this node identifier '1234:5678:9ABC:DEF0'. In our configuration, this node
will have three addresses: will have three addresses:
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o 2345:00C1:CA11:0001:1234:5678:9ABC:DEF0 o 2345:00C1:CA11:0001:1234:5678:9ABC:DEF0
o 2345:00D2:DA11:0001:1234:5678:9ABC:DEF0 o 2345:00D2:DA11:0001:1234:5678:9ABC:DEF0
o 2345:000E:EB22:0001:1234:5678:9ABC:DEF0 o 2345:000E:EB22:0001:1234:5678:9ABC:DEF0
@@ -399,10 +407,6 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
IP6 A6 48 0::0 SUBSCRIBER-X.IP6.A.NET. IP6 A6 48 0::0 SUBSCRIBER-X.IP6.A.NET.
IP6 A6 48 0::0 SUBSCRIBER-X.IP6.B.NET. IP6 A6 48 0::0 SUBSCRIBER-X.IP6.B.NET.
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And elsewhere there would appear And elsewhere there would appear
SUBSCRIBER-X.IP6.A.NET. A6 40 0:0:0011:: A.NET.IP6.C.NET. SUBSCRIBER-X.IP6.A.NET. A6 40 0:0:0011:: A.NET.IP6.C.NET.
@@ -429,6 +433,10 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
record affords the DNS administrator some choices. The glue could record affords the DNS administrator some choices. The glue could
be any of be any of
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o a minimal set of A6 records duplicated from the X.EXAMPLE zone, o a minimal set of A6 records duplicated from the X.EXAMPLE zone,
o a (possibly smaller) set of records which collapse the structure o a (possibly smaller) set of records which collapse the structure
@@ -446,10 +454,6 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
Then the top-level zone EXAMPLE would include one (or more) of the Then the top-level zone EXAMPLE would include one (or more) of the
following sets of A6 records as glue. following sets of A6 records as glue.
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$ORIGIN EXAMPLE. ; first option $ORIGIN EXAMPLE. ; first option
X NS NS1.X X NS NS1.X
NS NS2.X NS NS2.X
@@ -479,6 +483,11 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
A6 0 2345:000E:EB22:2:2:22:222:2222 A6 0 2345:000E:EB22:2:2:22:222:2222
The first and second glue options are robust against renumbering of The first and second glue options are robust against renumbering of
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X.EXAMPLE's prefixes by providers A.NET and B.NET, but will fail if X.EXAMPLE's prefixes by providers A.NET and B.NET, but will fail if
those providers' own DNS is unreachable. The glue records of the those providers' own DNS is unreachable. The glue records of the
third option are robust against DNS failures elsewhere than the third option are robust against DNS failures elsewhere than the
@@ -496,10 +505,6 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
The zero-prefix-length glue records can of course be automatically The zero-prefix-length glue records can of course be automatically
generated and/or checked in practice. generated and/or checked in practice.
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6.1.3. Variations 6.1.3. Variations
Several more-or-less arbitrary assumptions are reflected in the Several more-or-less arbitrary assumptions are reflected in the
@@ -531,6 +536,11 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
Finally, the above structure reflects an assumption that address Finally, the above structure reflects an assumption that address
fields assigned by a given entity are recorded only in A6 records fields assigned by a given entity are recorded only in A6 records
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held by that entity. Those bits could be entered into A6 records in held by that entity. Those bits could be entered into A6 records in
the lower-level entity's zone instead, thus: the lower-level entity's zone instead, thus:
@@ -547,14 +557,9 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
assigned values is with the entity that assigned them. assigned values is with the entity that assigned them.
It is possible, but not necessarily recommended, for a zone It is possible, but not necessarily recommended, for a zone
maintainer to forego the renumbering support afforded by the
Expires November 25, 1999 Crawford et al. [Page 11] chaining of A6 records and to record entire IPv6 addresses within
one zone file.
Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
maintainer to forego the renumbering support afforded by the chaning
of A6 records and to record entire IPv6 addresses within one zone
file.
6.2. Reverse Mapping Zones 6.2. Reverse Mapping Zones
@@ -581,6 +586,10 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
\[xD/4].IP6.ALPHA-TLA.ORG. DNAME IP6.D.NET. \[xD/4].IP6.ALPHA-TLA.ORG. DNAME IP6.D.NET.
\[x0E/8].IP6.ALPHA-TLA.ORG. DNAME IP6.E.NET. \[x0E/8].IP6.ALPHA-TLA.ORG. DNAME IP6.E.NET.
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6.2.2. The ISP level 6.2.2. The ISP level
The providers A through E carry the following delegation information The providers A through E carry the following delegation information
@@ -596,10 +605,6 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
DNAME record. In those cases, one zone is being used to map DNAME record. In those cases, one zone is being used to map
multiple prefixes. multiple prefixes.
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6.2.3. The Site Level 6.2.3. The Site Level
Consider the customer X.EXAMPLE using IP6.X.EXAMPLE for address-to- Consider the customer X.EXAMPLE using IP6.X.EXAMPLE for address-to-
@@ -627,9 +632,9 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
information cached, the sequence of queried names and responses information cached, the sequence of queried names and responses
would be (all with QCLASS=IN, QTYPE=PTR): would be (all with QCLASS=IN, QTYPE=PTR):
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To a server for IP6.INT: To a server for IP6.INT:
QNAME=\[x234500C1CA110001123456789ABCDEF0/128].IP6.INT. QNAME=\[x234500C1CA110001123456789ABCDEF0/128].IP6.INT.
@@ -678,9 +683,9 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
entity by the higher. For example, "SUBSCRIBER-X" could be replaced entity by the higher. For example, "SUBSCRIBER-X" could be replaced
by "\[x11/8]". This would place the A6 record(s) defining the by "\[x11/8]". This would place the A6 record(s) defining the
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delegated prefix at exactly the same point in the DNS tree as the delegated prefix at exactly the same point in the DNS tree as the
DNAME record associated with that delegation. The cost of this DNAME record associated with that delegation. The cost of this
@@ -688,7 +693,7 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
pointing A6 records when it is renumbered. This cost may be found pointing A6 records when it is renumbered. This cost may be found
quite acceptable in practice. quite acceptable in practice.
7. Transition from AAAA Records 7. Transition from AAAA Records on coexistence with A Records
Administrators of zones which contain A6 records can easily Administrators of zones which contain A6 records can easily
accommodate deployed resolvers which understand AAAA records but not accommodate deployed resolvers which understand AAAA records but not
@@ -698,7 +703,10 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
section 4.1.4). Attention must be paid to the TTL assigned to a section 4.1.4). Attention must be paid to the TTL assigned to a
generated AAAA record, which MUST be no more than the minimum of the generated AAAA record, which MUST be no more than the minimum of the
TTLs of the A6 records that were used to form the IPv6 address in TTLs of the A6 records that were used to form the IPv6 address in
that records If the zone is secure [DNSSEC], the generated AAAA that record. For full robustness, those A6 records which were in
different zones should be monitored for changes (in TTL or RDATA)
even when there are no changes to zone for which AAAA records are
being generated. If the zone is secure [DNSSEC], the generated AAAA
records SHOULD be signed along with the rest of the zone data. records SHOULD be signed along with the rest of the zone data.
A zone-specific heuristic MAY be used to avoid generation of AAAA A zone-specific heuristic MAY be used to avoid generation of AAAA
@@ -709,78 +717,87 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
records with an address suffix field with a certain number of records with an address suffix field with a certain number of
trailing zero bits. trailing zero bits.
A server providing recursive service MAY be configurable to On the client side, when looking up and IPv6 address, the order of
synthesize AAAA records from A6 records in response to clients' AAAA A6 and AAAA queries MAY be configurable to be one of: A6, then AAAA;
queries. AAAA, then A6; A6 only; or both in parallel. The default order (or
only order, if not configurable) MUST be to try A6 first, then AAAA.
If and when the AAAA becomes deprecated a new document will change
the default.
The guidelines and options for precedence between IPv4 and IPv6
addresses are specified in [TRANS]. All mentions of AAAA records in
that document are henceforth to be interpreted as meaning A6 and/or
AAAA records in the order specified in the previous paragraph.
8. Security Considerations 8. Security Considerations
The signing authority [DNSSEC] for the A6 records which determine an The signing authority [DNSSEC] for the A6 records which determine an
IPv6 address is distributed among several entities, reflecting the IPv6 address is distributed among several entities, reflecting the
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delegation path of the address space which that address occupies. delegation path of the address space which that address occupies.
DNS Security is fully applicable to bit-string labels and DNAME DNS Security is fully applicable to bit-string labels and DNAME
records. However, just as with IPv4's IN-ADDR.ARPA, authentication records. However, just as with IPv4's IN-ADDR.ARPA, authentication
of data in the reverse zones is not equivalent to authentication of of data in the reverse zones is not equivalent to authentication of
any forward data. any forward data.
9. Acknowledgments 9. IANA Considerations
The A6 resource record has been assigned a Type value of 38.
10. Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the following persons for valuable The authors would like to thank the following persons for valuable
discussions and reviews: Mark Andrews, Rob Austein, Jim Bound, discussions and reviews: Mark Andrews, Rob Austein, Jim Bound,
Randy Bush, Brian Carpenter, David Conrad, Steve Deering, Francis
Dupont, Robert Elz, Bob Fink, Olafur Gudmundsson, Bob Halley, Bob
Hinden, Bill Manning, Keith Moore, Thomas Narten, Erik Nordmark,
Mike O'Dell, Michael Patton and Ken Powell.
Expires November 25, 1999 Crawford et al. [Page 15] 11. References
Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
Randy Bush, Brian Carpenter, David Conrad, Steve Deering, Robert
Elz, Bob Fink, Olafur Gudmundsson, Bob Halley, Bob Hinden, Bill
Manning, Keith Moore, Thomas Narten, Erik Nordmark, Mike O'Dell and
Ken Powell.
10. References
[AARCH] Hinden, R. and S. Deering, "IP Version 6 Addressing [AARCH] Hinden, R. and S. Deering, "IP Version 6 Addressing
Architecture", RFC 2373. Architecture", RFC 2373, July 1998.
[AGGR] Hinden, R., O'Dell, M. and S. Deering, "An IPv6 Aggregatable [AGGR] Hinden, R., O'Dell, M. and S. Deering, "An IPv6 Aggregatable
Global Unicast Address Format". RFC 2374. Global Unicast Address Format". RFC 2374, July 1998.
[BITLBL] Crawford, M., "Binary Labels in the Domain Name System", [BITLBL] Crawford, M., "Binary Labels in the Domain Name System",
currently draft-ietf-dnsind-binary-labels-03.txt. RFC 2673, August 1999.
[DNAME] Crawford, M., "Non-Terminal DNS Name Redirection", currently [DNAME] Crawford, M., "Non-Terminal DNS Name Redirection", RFC 2672,
draft-ietf-dnsind-dname-00.txt. August 1999.
[DNSCF] Mockapetris, P. V., "Domain names - concepts and
facilities", RFC 1034.
[DNSIS] Mockapetris, P. V., "Domain names - implementation and [DNSIS] Mockapetris, P. V., "Domain names - implementation and
specification", RFC 1035. specification", RFC 1035, November 1987.
[DNSSEC] Eastlake, D. 3rd and C. Kaufman, "Domain Name System [DNSSEC] Eastlake, D. 3rd and C. Kaufman, "Domain Name System
Security Extensions", RFC 2065. Security Extensions", RFC 2535, March 1999.
[KWORD] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate [KWORD] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels," RFC 2119. Requirement Levels," RFC 2119.
[RENUM] Carpenter, B. and Y. Rekhter, "Renumbering Needs Work", RFC [RENUM] Carpenter, B. and Y. Rekhter, "Renumbering Needs Work", RFC
1900. 1900, February 1996.
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Ferguson, P. and H. Berkowitz, "Network Renumbering Overview: Ferguson, P. and H. Berkowitz, "Network Renumbering Overview:
Why would I want it and what is it anyway?", RFC 2071. Why would I want it and what is it anyway?", RFC 2071, January
1997.
Carpenter, B., Crowcroft, J. and Y. Rekhter, "IPv4 Address Carpenter, B., Crowcroft, J. and Y. Rekhter, "IPv4 Address
Behaviour Today", RFC 2101. Behaviour Today", RFC 2101, February 1997.
[TRANS] Gilligan, R. and E. Nordmark, "Transition Mechanisms for [TRANS] Gilligan, R. and E. Nordmark, "Transition Mechanisms for
IPv6 Hosts and Routers", RFC 1933, April 1996.
Expires November 25, 1999 Crawford et al. [Page 16] 12. Authors' Addresses
Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
IPv6 Hosts and Routers", RFC 1933.
11. Authors' Addresses
Matt Crawford Christian Huitema Susan Thomson Matt Crawford Christian Huitema Susan Thomson
Fermilab Bellcore Bellcore Fermilab Bellcore Bellcore
@@ -790,6 +807,7 @@ Internet Draft IPv6 DNS May 20, 1999
USA USA USA USA USA USA
+1 630 840-3461 +1 201 829-4266 +1 201 829-4514 +1 630 840-3461 +1 201 829-4266 +1 201 829-4514
crawdad@fnal.gov huitema@bellcore.com set@bellcore.com crawdad@fnal.gov
huitema@research.telcordia.comset@research.telcordia.com
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