Make sure all unit tests include headers in a similar order:
1. Three headers which must be included before <cmocka.h>.
2. System headers.
3. UNIT_TESTING definition, followed by the <cmocka.h> header.
4. libisc headers.
5. Headers from other BIND libraries.
6. Local headers.
Also make sure header file names are sorted alphabetically within each
block of #include directives.
All unit tests define the UNIT_TESTING macro, which causes <cmocka.h> to
replace malloc(), calloc(), realloc(), and free() with its own functions
tracking memory allocations. In order for this not to break
compilation, the system header declaring the prototypes for these
standard functions must be included before <cmocka.h>.
Normally, these prototypes are only present in <stdlib.h>, so we make
sure it is included before <cmocka.h>. However, musl libc also defines
the prototypes for calloc() and free() in <sched.h>, which is included
by <pthread.h>, which is included e.g. by <isc/mutex.h>. Thus, unit
tests including "dnstest.h" (which includes <isc/mem.h>, which includes
<isc/mutex.h>) after <cmocka.h> will not compile with musl libc as for
these programs, <sched.h> will be included after <cmocka.h>.
Always including <cmocka.h> after all other header files is not a
feasible solution as that causes the mock assertion macros defined in
<isc/util.h> to mangle the contents of <cmocka.h>, thus breaking
compilation. We cannot really use the __noreturn__ or analyzer_noreturn
attributes with cmocka assertion functions because they do return if the
tested condition is true. The problem is that what BIND unit tests do
is incompatible with Clang Static Analyzer's assumptions: since we use
cmocka, our custom assertion handlers are present in a shared library
(i.e. it is the cmocka library that checks the assertion condition, not
a macro in unit test code). Redefining cmocka's assertion macros in
<isc/util.h> is an ugly hack to overcome that problem - unfortunately,
this is the only way we can think of to make Clang Static Analyzer
properly process unit test code. Giving up on Clang Static Analyzer
being able to properly process unit test code is not a satisfactory
solution.
Undefining _GNU_SOURCE for unit test code could work around the problem
(musl libc's <sched.h> only defines the prototypes for calloc() and
free() when _GNU_SOURCE is defined), but doing that could introduce
discrepancies for unit tests including entire *.c files, so it is also
not a good solution.
All in all, including <sched.h> before <cmocka.h> for all affected unit
tests seems to be the most benign way of working around this musl libc
quirk. While quite an ugly solution, it achieves our goals here, which
are to keep the benefit of proper static analysis of unit test code and
to fix compilation against musl libc.
The common construct seen in the BIND 9 source is func(isc_mem_t *mctx, ...).
Unfortunately, the dnstest.{h,c} has been using mctx as a global symbol, which
in turn generated a lot of errors when update.c got included in update_test.c.
As a rule of thumb, we should avoid naming global symbols with generic names
(like mctx) and we should prefix them with "namespace" (like dt_mctx).
The three functions has been modeled after the arc4random family of
functions, and they will always return random bytes.
The isc_random family of functions internally use these CSPRNG (if available):
1. getrandom() libc call (might be available on Linux and Solaris)
2. SYS_getrandom syscall (might be available on Linux, detected at runtime)
3. arc4random(), arc4random_buf() and arc4random_uniform() (available on BSDs and Mac OS X)
4. crypto library function:
4a. RAND_bytes in case OpenSSL
4b. pkcs_C_GenerateRandom() in case PKCS#11 library
