treewide: Get rid of "echo -n", and add a test to prevent regression.

"echo -n" is not POSIX and has spotty support in shells.

CC: Timothy Redaelli <tredaelli@redhat.com>
CC: Flavio Leitner <fbl@sysclose.org>
Signed-off-by: Ben Pfaff <blp@ovn.org>

Makefile.am

@@ -303,6 +303,17 @@ check-endian:
 	fi
 .PHONY: check-endian
 
+ALL_LOCAL += check-echo-n
+check-echo-n:
+	@if test -e $(srcdir)/.git && (git --version) >/dev/null 2>&1 && \
+	  git --no-pager grep -n 'echo'' -n' $(srcdir); \
+	then \
+	  echo "See above for uses for \"echo"" -n\", which is non-POSIX"; \
+	  echo "and does not work with all shells.  Use \"printf\" instead."; \
+	  exit 1; \
+	fi
+.PHONY: check-echo-n
+
 ALL_LOCAL += thread-safety-check
 thread-safety-check:
 	@cd $(srcdir); \

tests/ofp-print.at

@@ -1656,26 +1656,26 @@ AT_KEYWORDS([ofp-print OFPT_STATS_REPLY])
 00 00 00 07 00 00 00 00 00 0f 42 40 "
  tail="00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00"
 
- echo -n "03 13 7f 90 00 00 00 02 00 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 "
+ printf "03 13 7f 90 00 00 00 02 00 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 "
 
  x=0
  printf "%02x $pad7" $x
  printf "%s$pad32" "classifier" | od -A n -t x1 -v -N 32 | tr '\n' ' '
- echo -n "$mid 00 00 00 01  "
+ printf "$mid 00 00 00 01  "
- echo -n "00 00 00 00 00 01 23 76 00 00 00 00 00 01 9e 28 "
+ printf "00 00 00 00 00 01 23 76 00 00 00 00 00 01 9e 28 "
 
  x=1
  while test $x -lt 254; do
    printf "%02x $pad7" $x
    printf "%s$pad32" "table$x" | od -A n -t x1 -v -N 32 | tr '\n' ' '
-   echo -n "$mid 00 00 00 00 $tail "
+   printf "$mid 00 00 00 00 $tail "
    x=`expr $x + 1`
  done
 
  x=254
  printf "%02x $pad7" $x
  printf "%s$pad32" "table$x" | od -A n -t x1 -v -N 32 | tr '\n' ' '
- echo -n "$mid 00 00 00 02 $tail") > in
+ printf "$mid 00 00 00 02 $tail") > in
 AT_CHECK([ovs-ofctl ofp-print - < in], [0], [expout])
 AT_CLEANUP
 

tests/ofproto-dpif.at

@@ -7333,7 +7333,7 @@ m4_define([OFPROTO_DPIF_GET_FLOW],
                        set Open_vSwitch . other_config:max-idle=10000], [], [],
                        [m4_if([$1], [], [], [--dummy-numa="0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1"])])
 
-   func=`echo -n "$1_" | cut -c 4-`
+   func=`printf '%s_' "$1" | cut -c 4-`
    add_${func}of_ports br0 1 2
 
    AT_CHECK([ovs-appctl netdev-dummy/receive p1 'in_port(1),eth(src=50:54:00:00:00:05,dst=50:54:00:00:00:07),eth_type(0x0800),ipv4(src=192.168.0.1,dst=192.168.0.2,proto=1,tos=0,ttl=64,frag=no),icmp(type=8,code=0)'])
@@ -7665,7 +7665,7 @@ m4_define([OFPROTO_DPIF_MEGAFLOW_NORMAL],
   [AT_SETUP([ofproto-dpif megaflow - normal$1])
    OVS_VSWITCHD_START([], [], [], [m4_if([$1], [], [], [--dummy-numa="0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1"])])
    AT_CHECK([ovs-appctl vlog/set dpif:dbg dpif_netdev:dbg])
-   func=`echo -n "$1_" | cut -c 4-`
+   func=`printf '%s_' "$1" | cut -c 4-`
    add_${func}of_ports br0 1 2
    AT_CHECK([ovs-ofctl add-flow br0 action=normal])
    AT_CHECK([ovs-appctl netdev-dummy/receive p1 'in_port(1),eth(src=50:54:00:00:00:09,dst=50:54:00:00:00:0a),eth_type(0x0800),ipv4(src=10.0.0.2,dst=10.0.0.1,proto=1,tos=0,ttl=64,frag=no),icmp(type=8,code=0)'])
@@ -8068,7 +8068,7 @@ m4_define([OFPROTO_DPIF_MEGAFLOW_DISABLED],
   [AT_SETUP([ofproto-dpif megaflow - disabled$1])
    OVS_VSWITCHD_START([], [], [], [m4_if([$1], [], [], [--dummy-numa="0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1"])])
    AT_CHECK([ovs-appctl vlog/set dpif:dbg dpif_netdev:dbg])
-   func=`echo -n "$1_" | cut -c 4-`
+   func=`printf '%s_' "$1" | cut -c 4-`
    add_${func}of_ports br0 1 2
    AT_DATA([flows.txt], [dnl
 table=0 in_port=1,ip,nw_dst=10.0.0.1 actions=output(2)

tutorial/ovs-sandbox

@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ sleep 0.1
 
 #Wait for ovsdb-server to finish launching.
 if test ! -e "$sandbox"/db.sock; then
-    echo -n "Waiting for ovsdb-server to start..."
+    printf "Waiting for ovsdb-server to start..."
     while test ! -e "$sandbox"/db.sock; do
         sleep 1;
     done