2
0
mirror of https://github.com/openvswitch/ovs synced 2025-08-22 01:51:26 +00:00

Add ability to direct "packet-in"s to particular controllers.

Nicira's controllers are somewhat heterogeneous, so that particular
"packet-in" messages should be directed to particular controllers.  This
new Nicira extension action allows designating a controller or controllers
to receive the "packet-in" using a 16-bit integer ID.

The new NXAST_CONTROLLER action also specifies the "reason" code to include
in the "packet-in" message.  This is particularly useful for simulating a
"no-match" "packet-in" using a rule.

Feature #8946.
Signed-off-by: Ben Pfaff <blp@nicira.com>
This commit is contained in:
Ben Pfaff 2012-02-09 14:17:33 -08:00
parent 7c1a76a467
commit a7349929fb
18 changed files with 254 additions and 23 deletions

10
DESIGN
View File

@ -24,6 +24,16 @@ Second, OFPT_FLOW_REMOVED and NXT_FLOW_REMOVED messages are generated
only if the flow that was removed had the OFPFF_SEND_FLOW_REM flag
set.
Third, OFPT_PACKET_IN and NXT_PACKET_IN messages are sent only to
OpenFlow controller connections that have the correct connection ID
(see "struct nx_controller_id" and "struct nx_action_controller"):
- For packet-in messages generated by a NXAST_CONTROLLER action,
the controller ID specified in the action.
- For other packet-in messages, controller ID zero. (This is the
default ID when an OpenFlow controller does not configure one.)
Finally, Open vSwitch consults a per-connection table indexed by the
message type, reason code, and current role. The following table
shows how this table is initialized by default when an OpenFlow

2
NEWS
View File

@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ v1.6.0 - xx xxx xxxx
receive asynchronously.
- New "fin_timeout" action.
- Added "fin_timeout" support to "learn" action.
- New Nicira action NXAST_CONTROLLER that offers additional features
over output to OFPP_CONTROLLER.
- The default MAC learning timeout has been increased from 60 seconds
to 300 seconds. The MAC learning timeout is now configurable.
- When QoS settings for an interface do not configure a default queue

View File

@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ enum nicira_type {
NXT_FLOW_AGE = 18,
NXT_SET_ASYNC_CONFIG = 19, /* struct nx_async_config. */
NXT_SET_CONTROLLER_ID = 20, /* struct nx_controller_id. */
};
/* Header for Nicira vendor stats request and reply messages. */
@ -336,6 +337,7 @@ enum nx_action_subtype {
NXAST_EXIT, /* struct nx_action_header */
NXAST_DEC_TTL, /* struct nx_action_header */
NXAST_FIN_TIMEOUT, /* struct nx_action_fin_timeout */
NXAST_CONTROLLER, /* struct nx_action_controller */
};
/* Header for Nicira-defined actions. */
@ -1921,5 +1923,45 @@ struct nx_aggregate_stats_reply {
uint8_t pad[4]; /* Align to 64 bits. */
};
OFP_ASSERT(sizeof(struct nx_aggregate_stats_reply) == 48);
/* NXT_SET_CONTROLLER_ID.
*
* Each OpenFlow controller connection has a 16-bit identifier that is
* initially 0. This message changes the connection's ID to 'id'.
*
* Controller connection IDs need not be unique.
*
* The NXAST_CONTROLLER action is the only current user of controller
* connection IDs. */
struct nx_controller_id {
struct nicira_header nxh;
uint8_t zero[6]; /* Must be zero. */
ovs_be16 controller_id; /* New controller connection ID. */
};
OFP_ASSERT(sizeof(struct nx_controller_id) == 24);
/* Action structure for NXAST_CONTROLLER.
*
* This generalizes using OFPAT_OUTPUT to send a packet to OFPP_CONTROLLER. In
* addition to the 'max_len' that OFPAT_OUTPUT supports, it also allows
* specifying:
*
* - 'reason': The reason code to use in the ofp_packet_in or nx_packet_in.
*
* - 'controller_id': The ID of the controller connection to which the
* ofp_packet_in should be sent. The ofp_packet_in or nx_packet_in is
* sent only to controllers that have the specified controller connection
* ID. See "struct nx_controller_id" for more information. */
struct nx_action_controller {
ovs_be16 type; /* OFPAT_VENDOR. */
ovs_be16 len; /* Length is 16. */
ovs_be32 vendor; /* NX_VENDOR_ID. */
ovs_be16 subtype; /* NXAST_CONTROLLER. */
ovs_be16 max_len; /* Maximum length to send to controller. */
ovs_be16 controller_id; /* Controller ID to send packet-in. */
uint8_t reason; /* enum ofp_packet_in_reason (OFPR_*). */
uint8_t zero; /* Must be zero. */
};
OFP_ASSERT(sizeof(struct nx_action_controller) == 16);
#endif /* openflow/nicira-ext.h */

View File

@ -266,6 +266,7 @@ lswitch_process_packet(struct lswitch *sw, struct rconn *rconn,
case OFPUTIL_NXT_FLOW_REMOVED:
case OFPUTIL_NXT_FLOW_AGE:
case OFPUTIL_NXT_SET_ASYNC_CONFIG:
case OFPUTIL_NXT_SET_CONTROLLER_ID:
case OFPUTIL_NXST_FLOW_REQUEST:
case OFPUTIL_NXST_AGGREGATE_REQUEST:
case OFPUTIL_NXST_FLOW_REPLY:

View File

@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 Nicira Networks.
* Copyright (c) 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 Nicira Networks.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@ -123,6 +123,9 @@ enum ofperr {
/* NX(1,514). The in_port in an ofp_packet_out request is invalid. */
OFPERR_NXBRC_BAD_IN_PORT,
/* NX(1,515). Must-be-zero field had nonzero value. */
OFPERR_NXBRC_MUST_BE_ZERO,
/* ## ---------------- ## */
/* ## OFPET_BAD_ACTION ## */
/* ## ---------------- ## */
@ -170,6 +173,9 @@ enum ofperr {
/* OF1.1(2,12). Actions uses an unsupported tag/encap. */
OFPERR_OFPBAC_BAD_TAG,
/* NX(2,256). Must-be-zero action argument had nonzero value. */
OFPERR_NXBAC_MUST_BE_ZERO,
/* ## --------------------- ## */
/* ## OFPET_BAD_INSTRUCTION ## */
/* ## --------------------- ## */

View File

@ -267,6 +267,48 @@ parse_fin_timeout(struct ofpbuf *b, char *arg)
}
}
static void
parse_controller(struct ofpbuf *b, char *arg)
{
enum ofp_packet_in_reason reason = OFPR_ACTION;
uint16_t controller_id = 0;
uint16_t max_len = UINT16_MAX;
if (!arg[0]) {
/* Use defaults. */
} else if (strspn(arg, "0123456789") == strlen(arg)) {
max_len = str_to_u16(arg, "max_len");
} else {
char *name, *value;
while (ofputil_parse_key_value(&arg, &name, &value)) {
if (!strcmp(name, "reason")) {
if (!ofputil_packet_in_reason_from_string(value, &reason)) {
ovs_fatal(0, "unknown reason \"%s\"", value);
}
} else if (!strcmp(name, "max_len")) {
max_len = str_to_u16(value, "max_len");
} else if (!strcmp(name, "id")) {
controller_id = str_to_u16(value, "id");
} else {
ovs_fatal(0, "unknown key \"%s\" parsing controller action",
name);
}
}
}
if (reason == OFPR_ACTION && controller_id == 0) {
put_output_action(b, OFPP_CONTROLLER)->max_len = htons(max_len);
} else {
struct nx_action_controller *nac;
nac = ofputil_put_NXAST_CONTROLLER(b);
nac->max_len = htons(max_len);
nac->reason = reason;
nac->controller_id = htons(controller_id);
}
}
static void
parse_named_action(enum ofputil_action_code code, const struct flow *flow,
struct ofpbuf *b, char *arg)
@ -389,6 +431,10 @@ parse_named_action(enum ofputil_action_code code, const struct flow *flow,
case OFPUTIL_NXAST_FIN_TIMEOUT:
parse_fin_timeout(b, arg);
break;
case OFPUTIL_NXAST_CONTROLLER:
parse_controller(b, arg);
break;
}
}
@ -418,17 +464,6 @@ str_to_action(const struct flow *flow, char *str, struct ofpbuf *b)
"actions");
}
break;
} else if (!strcasecmp(act, "CONTROLLER")) {
struct ofp_action_output *oao;
oao = put_output_action(b, OFPP_CONTROLLER);
/* Unless a numeric argument is specified, we send the whole
* packet to the controller. */
if (arg[0] && (strspn(arg, "0123456789") == strlen(arg))) {
oao->max_len = htons(str_to_u32(arg));
} else {
oao->max_len = htons(UINT16_MAX);
}
} else if (ofputil_port_from_string(act, &port)) {
put_output_action(b, port);
} else {

View File

@ -177,6 +177,7 @@ ofp_print_action(struct ds *s, const union ofp_action *a,
const struct nx_action_autopath *naa;
const struct nx_action_output_reg *naor;
const struct nx_action_fin_timeout *naft;
const struct nx_action_controller *nac;
struct mf_subfield subfield;
uint16_t port;
@ -354,6 +355,23 @@ ofp_print_action(struct ds *s, const union ofp_action *a,
ds_put_char(s, ')');
break;
case OFPUTIL_NXAST_CONTROLLER:
nac = (const struct nx_action_controller *) a;
ds_put_cstr(s, "controller(");
if (nac->reason != OFPR_ACTION) {
ds_put_format(s, "reason=%s,",
ofputil_packet_in_reason_to_string(nac->reason));
}
if (nac->max_len != htons(UINT16_MAX)) {
ds_put_format(s, "max_len=%"PRIu16",", ntohs(nac->max_len));
}
if (nac->controller_id != htons(0)) {
ds_put_format(s, "id=%"PRIu16",", ntohs(nac->controller_id));
}
ds_chomp(s, ',');
ds_put_char(s, ')');
break;
default:
break;
}
@ -1391,6 +1409,13 @@ ofp_print_nxt_set_async_config(struct ds *string,
}
}
static void
ofp_print_nxt_set_controller_id(struct ds *string,
const struct nx_controller_id *nci)
{
ds_put_format(string, " id=%"PRIu16, ntohs(nci->controller_id));
}
static void
ofp_to_string__(const struct ofp_header *oh,
const struct ofputil_msg_type *type, struct ds *string,
@ -1550,6 +1575,10 @@ ofp_to_string__(const struct ofp_header *oh,
case OFPUTIL_NXT_FLOW_AGE:
break;
case OFPUTIL_NXT_SET_CONTROLLER_ID:
ofp_print_nxt_set_controller_id(string, msg);
break;
case OFPUTIL_NXT_SET_ASYNC_CONFIG:
ofp_print_nxt_set_async_config(string, msg);
break;

View File

@ -404,6 +404,10 @@ ofputil_decode_vendor(const struct ofp_header *oh, size_t length,
{ OFPUTIL_NXT_SET_ASYNC_CONFIG, OFP10_VERSION,
NXT_SET_ASYNC_CONFIG, "NXT_SET_ASYNC_CONFIG",
sizeof(struct nx_async_config), 0 },
{ OFPUTIL_NXT_SET_CONTROLLER_ID, OFP10_VERSION,
NXT_SET_CONTROLLER_ID, "NXT_SET_CONTROLLER_ID",
sizeof(struct nx_controller_id), 0 },
};
static const struct ofputil_msg_category nxt_category = {
@ -2527,6 +2531,12 @@ validate_actions(const union ofp_action *actions, size_t n_actions,
error = learn_check((const struct nx_action_learn *) a, flow);
break;
case OFPUTIL_NXAST_CONTROLLER:
if (((const struct nx_action_controller *) a)->zero) {
error = OFPERR_NXBAC_MUST_BE_ZERO;
}
break;
case OFPUTIL_OFPAT_STRIP_VLAN:
case OFPUTIL_OFPAT_SET_NW_SRC:
case OFPUTIL_OFPAT_SET_NW_DST:

View File

@ -38,4 +38,5 @@ NXAST_ACTION(NXAST_LEARN, nx_action_learn, 1, "learn")
NXAST_ACTION(NXAST_EXIT, nx_action_header, 0, "exit")
NXAST_ACTION(NXAST_DEC_TTL, nx_action_header, 0, "dec_ttl")
NXAST_ACTION(NXAST_FIN_TIMEOUT, nx_action_fin_timeout, 0, "fin_timeout")
NXAST_ACTION(NXAST_CONTROLLER, nx_action_controller, 0, "controller")
#undef NXAST_ACTION

View File

@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ enum ofputil_msg_code {
OFPUTIL_NXT_PACKET_IN,
OFPUTIL_NXT_FLOW_AGE,
OFPUTIL_NXT_SET_ASYNC_CONFIG,
OFPUTIL_NXT_SET_CONTROLLER_ID,
/* NXST_* stat requests. */
OFPUTIL_NXST_FLOW_REQUEST,
@ -233,6 +234,7 @@ struct ofputil_packet_in {
size_t packet_len;
enum ofp_packet_in_reason reason; /* One of OFPRR_*. */
uint16_t controller_id; /* Controller ID to send to. */
uint8_t table_id;
ovs_be64 cookie;

View File

@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ struct ofconn {
struct pinsched *schedulers[N_SCHEDULERS];
struct pktbuf *pktbuf; /* OpenFlow packet buffers. */
int miss_send_len; /* Bytes to send of buffered packets. */
uint16_t controller_id; /* Connection controller ID. */
/* Number of OpenFlow messages queued on 'rconn' as replies to OpenFlow
* requests, and the maximum number before we stop reading OpenFlow
@ -820,6 +821,16 @@ ofconn_set_packet_in_format(struct ofconn *ofconn,
ofconn->packet_in_format = packet_in_format;
}
/* Sets the controller connection ID for 'ofconn' to 'controller_id'.
*
* The connection controller ID is used for OFPP_CONTROLLER and
* NXAST_CONTROLLER actions. See "struct nx_action_controller" for details. */
void
ofconn_set_controller_id(struct ofconn *ofconn, uint16_t controller_id)
{
ofconn->controller_id = controller_id;
}
/* Returns true if the NXT_FLOW_MOD_TABLE_ID extension is enabled, false
* otherwise.
*
@ -1017,6 +1028,7 @@ ofconn_flush(struct ofconn *ofconn)
ofconn->miss_send_len = (ofconn->type == OFCONN_PRIMARY
? OFP_DEFAULT_MISS_SEND_LEN
: 0);
ofconn->controller_id = 0;
rconn_packet_counter_destroy(ofconn->reply_counter);
ofconn->reply_counter = rconn_packet_counter_create();
@ -1292,7 +1304,8 @@ connmgr_send_packet_in(struct connmgr *mgr,
struct ofconn *ofconn;
LIST_FOR_EACH (ofconn, node, &mgr->all_conns) {
if (ofconn_receives_async_msg(ofconn, OAM_PACKET_IN, pin->reason)) {
if (ofconn_receives_async_msg(ofconn, OAM_PACKET_IN, pin->reason)
&& ofconn->controller_id == pin->controller_id) {
schedule_packet_in(ofconn, *pin, flow);
}
}

View File

@ -97,6 +97,8 @@ void ofconn_set_flow_format(struct ofconn *, enum nx_flow_format);
enum nx_packet_in_format ofconn_get_packet_in_format(struct ofconn *);
void ofconn_set_packet_in_format(struct ofconn *, enum nx_packet_in_format);
void ofconn_set_controller_id(struct ofconn *, uint16_t controller_id);
bool ofconn_get_flow_mod_table_id(const struct ofconn *);
void ofconn_set_flow_mod_table_id(struct ofconn *, bool enable);

View File

@ -2456,6 +2456,7 @@ send_packet_in_miss(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, const struct ofpbuf *packet,
pin.packet_len = packet->size;
pin.total_len = packet->size;
pin.reason = OFPR_NO_MATCH;
pin.controller_id = 0;
pin.table_id = 0;
pin.cookie = 0;
@ -4465,7 +4466,8 @@ flood_packets(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx, bool all)
static void
execute_controller_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx, int len,
enum ofp_packet_in_reason reason)
enum ofp_packet_in_reason reason,
uint16_t controller_id)
{
struct ofputil_packet_in pin;
struct ofpbuf *packet;
@ -4511,6 +4513,7 @@ execute_controller_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx, int len,
pin.packet = packet->data;
pin.packet_len = packet->size;
pin.reason = reason;
pin.controller_id = controller_id;
pin.table_id = ctx->table_id;
pin.cookie = ctx->rule ? ctx->rule->up.flow_cookie : 0;
@ -4535,7 +4538,7 @@ compose_dec_ttl(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx)
ctx->flow.nw_ttl--;
return false;
} else {
execute_controller_action(ctx, UINT16_MAX, OFPR_INVALID_TTL);
execute_controller_action(ctx, UINT16_MAX, OFPR_INVALID_TTL, 0);
/* Stop processing for current table. */
return true;
@ -4567,7 +4570,7 @@ xlate_output_action__(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
flood_packets(ctx, true);
break;
case OFPP_CONTROLLER:
execute_controller_action(ctx, max_len, OFPR_ACTION);
execute_controller_action(ctx, max_len, OFPR_ACTION, 0);
break;
case OFPP_NONE:
break;
@ -4805,6 +4808,7 @@ do_xlate_actions(const union ofp_action *in, size_t n_in,
const struct nx_action_autopath *naa;
const struct nx_action_bundle *nab;
const struct nx_action_output_reg *naor;
const struct nx_action_controller *nac;
enum ofputil_action_code code;
ovs_be64 tun_id;
@ -4965,6 +4969,12 @@ do_xlate_actions(const union ofp_action *in, size_t n_in,
ctx->has_fin_timeout = true;
xlate_fin_timeout(ctx, (const struct nx_action_fin_timeout *) ia);
break;
case OFPUTIL_NXAST_CONTROLLER:
nac = (const struct nx_action_controller *) ia;
execute_controller_action(ctx, ntohs(nac->max_len), nac->reason,
ntohs(nac->controller_id));
break;
}
}

View File

@ -3137,6 +3137,21 @@ handle_nxt_set_async_config(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
return 0;
}
static enum ofperr
handle_nxt_set_controller_id(struct ofconn *ofconn,
const struct ofp_header *oh)
{
const struct nx_controller_id *nci;
nci = (const struct nx_controller_id *) oh;
if (!is_all_zeros(nci->zero, sizeof nci->zero)) {
return OFPERR_NXBRC_MUST_BE_ZERO;
}
ofconn_set_controller_id(ofconn, ntohs(nci->controller_id));
return 0;
}
static enum ofperr
handle_barrier_request(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
{
@ -3207,6 +3222,9 @@ handle_openflow__(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofpbuf *msg)
case OFPUTIL_NXT_SET_PACKET_IN_FORMAT:
return handle_nxt_set_packet_in_format(ofconn, oh);
case OFPUTIL_NXT_SET_CONTROLLER_ID:
return handle_nxt_set_controller_id(ofconn, oh);
case OFPUTIL_NXT_FLOW_MOD:
return handle_flow_mod(ofconn, oh);

View File

@ -728,6 +728,16 @@ NXT_SET_ASYNC_CONFIG (xid=0x0):
])
AT_CLEANUP
AT_SETUP([NXT_SET_CONTROLLER_ID])
AT_KEYWORDS([ofp-print])
AT_CHECK([ovs-ofctl ofp-print "\
01 04 00 18 00 00 00 03 00 00 23 20 00 00 00 14 \
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7b \
"], [0], [dnl
NXT_SET_CONTROLLER_ID (xid=0x3): id=123
])
AT_CLEANUP
AT_SETUP([NXT_SET_FLOW_FORMAT])
AT_KEYWORDS([ofp-print])
AT_CHECK([ovs-ofctl ofp-print "\

View File

@ -433,14 +433,21 @@ check_async () {
ovs-appctl -t ovs-ofctl ofctl/set-output-file monitor.log
: > expout
# OFPT_PACKET_IN, OFPR_ACTION
# OFPT_PACKET_IN, OFPR_ACTION (controller_id=0)
ovs-ofctl -v packet-out br0 none controller '0001020304050010203040501234'
if test X"$1" = X"OFPR_ACTION"; then shift;
echo >>expout "OFPT_PACKET_IN: total_len=14 in_port=NONE (via action) data_len=14 (unbuffered)
priority:0,tunnel:0,in_port:0000,tci(0) mac(00:10:20:30:40:50->00:01:02:03:04:05) type:1234 proto:0 tos:0 ttl:0 ip(0.0.0.0->0.0.0.0)"
fi
# OFPT_PACKET_IN, OFPR_INVALID_TTL
# OFPT_PACKET_IN, OFPR_NO_MATCH (controller_id=123)
ovs-ofctl -v packet-out br0 none 'controller(reason=no_match,id=123)' '0001020304050010203040501234'
if test X"$1" = X"OFPR_NO_MATCH"; then shift;
echo >>expout "OFPT_PACKET_IN: total_len=14 in_port=NONE (via no_match) data_len=14 (unbuffered)
priority:0,tunnel:0,in_port:0000,tci(0) mac(00:10:20:30:40:50->00:01:02:03:04:05) type:1234 proto:0 tos:0 ttl:0 ip(0.0.0.0->0.0.0.0)"
fi
# OFPT_PACKET_IN, OFPR_INVALID_TTL (controller_id=0)
ovs-ofctl packet-out br0 none dec_ttl '002583dfb4000026b98cb0f908004500003fb7e200000011339bac11370dac100002d7730035002b8f6d86fb0100000100000000000006626c702d7873066e696369726103636f6d00000f00'
if test X"$1" = X"OFPR_INVALID_TTL"; then shift;
echo >>expout "OFPT_PACKET_IN: total_len=76 in_port=NONE (via invalid_ttl) data_len=76 (unbuffered)
@ -502,9 +509,16 @@ check_async 4 OFPPR_ADD OFPPR_DELETE
ovs-appctl -t ovs-ofctl ofctl/send 01040028000000020000232000000013000000020000000500000005000000020000000200000005
check_async 5 OFPR_INVALID_TTL OFPPR_DELETE OFPRR_DELETE
# Set controller ID 123.
ovs-appctl -t ovs-ofctl ofctl/send 01040018000000030000232000000014000000000000007b
check_async 6 OFPR_NO_MATCH OFPPR_DELETE OFPRR_DELETE
# Restore controller ID 0.
ovs-appctl -t ovs-ofctl ofctl/send 010400180000000300002320000000140000000000000000
# Become master.
ovs-appctl -t ovs-ofctl ofctl/send 0104001400000002000023200000000a00000001
check_async 6 OFPR_ACTION OFPPR_ADD
check_async 7 OFPR_ACTION OFPPR_ADD
ovs-appctl -t ovs-ofctl exit
AT_CLEANUP

View File

@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ actions=resubmit:1,resubmit(2),resubmit(,3),resubmit(2,3)
send_flow_rem,actions=output:1,output:NXM_NX_REG0[],output:2,output:NXM_NX_REG1[16..31],output:3
check_overlap,actions=output:1,exit,output:2
actions=fin_timeout(idle_timeout=5,hard_timeout=15)
actions=controller(max_len=123,reason=invalid_ttl,id=555)
]])
AT_CHECK([ovs-ofctl parse-flows flows.txt
@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ NXT_FLOW_MOD: ADD table:255 actions=resubmit:1,resubmit:2,resubmit(,3),resubmit(
NXT_FLOW_MOD: ADD table:255 send_flow_rem actions=output:1,output:NXM_NX_REG0[],output:2,output:NXM_NX_REG1[16..31],output:3
NXT_FLOW_MOD: ADD table:255 check_overlap actions=output:1,exit,output:2
NXT_FLOW_MOD: ADD table:255 actions=fin_timeout(idle_timeout=5,hard_timeout=15)
NXT_FLOW_MOD: ADD table:255 actions=controller(reason=invalid_ttl,max_len=123,id=555)
]])
AT_CLEANUP

View File

@ -756,11 +756,35 @@ tree protocol).
Outputs the packet on all switch physical ports other than the port on
which it was received.
.
.IP \fBcontroller\fR:\fImax_len\fR
.IP \fBcontroller(\fIkey\fB=\fIvalue\fR...\fB)
Sends the packet to the OpenFlow controller as a ``packet in''
message. If \fImax_len\fR is a number, then it specifies the maximum
number of bytes that should be sent. If \fImax_len\fR is \fBALL\fR or
omitted, then the entire packet is sent.
message. The supported key-value pairs are:
.RS
.IP "\fBmax_len=\fInbytes\fR"
Limit to \fInbytes\fR the number of bytes of the packet to send to
the controller. By default the entire packet is sent.
.IP "\fBreason=\fIreason\fR"
Specify \fIreason\fR as the reason for sending the message in the
``packet in'' message. The supported reasons are \fBaction\fR (the
default), \fBno_match\fR, and \fBinvalid_ttl\fR.
.IP "\fBid=\fIcontroller-id\fR"
Specify \fIcontroller-id\fR, a 16-bit integer, as the connection ID of
the OpenFlow controller or controllers to which the ``packet in''
message should be sent. The default is zero. Zero is also the
default connection ID for each controller connection, and a given
controller connection will only have a nonzero connection ID if its
controller uses the \fBNXT_SET_CONTROLLER_ID\fR Nicira extension to
OpenFlow.
.RE
Any \fIreason\fR other than \fBaction\fR and any nonzero
\fIcontroller-id\fR uses a Nicira vendor extension that, as of this
writing, is only known to be implemented by Open vSwitch (version 1.6
or later).
.
.IP \fBcontroller\fR
.IQ \fBcontroller\fR[\fB:\fInbytes\fR]
Shorthand for \fBcontroller()\fR or
\fBcontroller(max_len=\fInbytes\fB)\fR, respectively.
.
.IP \fBlocal\fR
Outputs the packet on the ``local port,'' which corresponds to the