mirror of
https://github.com/vdukhovni/postfix
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postfix-2.2-20040422
This commit is contained in:
committed by
Viktor Dukhovni
parent
3e4842d1c6
commit
aeab334cf6
@@ -97,10 +97,6 @@ navigate faster.
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The PORTING file discusses how to go about porting Postfix to other
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The PORTING file discusses how to go about porting Postfix to other
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UNIX platforms.
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UNIX platforms.
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The TODO file lists things that still need to be done. If you want
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to set your teeth into one of those problems, drop me a note at
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wietse@porcupine.org to avoid duplication of effort.
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Documentation:
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Documentation:
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README_FILES/ Instructions for specific Postfix features
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README_FILES/ Instructions for specific Postfix features
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@@ -123,6 +119,7 @@ Command-line utilities:
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src/postalias/ Alias database management
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src/postalias/ Alias database management
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src/postcat/ List Postfix queue file
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src/postcat/ List Postfix queue file
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src/postconf/ Configuration utility
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src/postconf/ Configuration utility
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src/postdrop/ Postfix mail submission program
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src/postfix/ Postfix administrative interface
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src/postfix/ Postfix administrative interface
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src/postkick/ Postfix IPC for shell scripts
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src/postkick/ Postfix IPC for shell scripts
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src/postlock/ Postfix locking for shell scripts
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src/postlock/ Postfix locking for shell scripts
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@@ -85,12 +85,14 @@ IInnssttaalllliinngg aa pprree--bbuuiilltt PPoossttffi
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* Create the necessary mail_owner account and setgid_group group for
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* Create the necessary mail_owner account and setgid_group group for
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exclusive use by Postfix.
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exclusive use by Postfix.
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* Execute the post-install script in the Postfix configuration directory to
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* Execute the postfix command to set ownership and permission of Postfix
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set ownership and permission of Postfix files and directories. Specify any
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files and directories, and to update Postfix configuration files. If
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non-default settings for mail_owner or setgid_group on the post-install
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necessary, specify any non-default settings for mail_owner or setgid_group
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command line:
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on the postfix command line:
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# sh post-install upgrade-package setgid_group=xxx mail_owner=yyy
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# postfix set-permissions upgrade-configuration \
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setgid_group=xxx mail_owner=yyy
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This will also update the main.cf and master.cf files if necessary.
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With Postfix versions before 2.1 you achieve the same result by invoking
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the post-install script directly.
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@@ -4,13 +4,15 @@ PPoossttffiixx BBoottttlleenneecckk AAnnaallyyssiiss
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PPuurrppoossee ooff tthhiiss ddooccuummeenntt
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PPuurrppoossee ooff tthhiiss ddooccuummeenntt
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This document describes the "qshape" program which helps the administrator
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This document describes the qshape(1) program which helps the administrator
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understand the Postfix queue message distribution sorted by time and by sender
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understand the Postfix queue message distribution sorted by time and by sender
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or recipient domain. qshape is bundled with the Postfix 2.1 source under the
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or recipient domain. qshape(1) is bundled with the Postfix 2.1 source under the
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"auxiliary" directory. In order to understand the output of qshape, it useful
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"auxiliary" directory.
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to understand the various Postfix queues. To this end the role of each Postfix
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queue directory is described briefly in the "Background info: Postfix queue
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In order to understand the output of qshape(1), it useful to understand the
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directories" section near the end of this document.
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various Postfix queues. To this end the role of each Postfix queue directory is
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described briefly in the "Background info: Postfix queue directories" section
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near the end of this document.
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This document covers the following topics:
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This document covers the following topics:
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@@ -32,8 +34,8 @@ This document covers the following topics:
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IInnttrroodduucciinngg tthhee qqsshhaappee ttooooll
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IInnttrroodduucciinngg tthhee qqsshhaappee ttooooll
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When mail is draining slowly or the queue is unexpectedly large, run "qshape"
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When mail is draining slowly or the queue is unexpectedly large, run qshape(1)
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as the super-user (root) to help zero in on the problem. The "qshape" program
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as the super-user (root) to help zero in on the problem. The qshape(1) program
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displays a tabular view of the Postfix queue contents.
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displays a tabular view of the Postfix queue contents.
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* On the horizontal axis, it displays the queue age with fine granularity for
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* On the horizontal axis, it displays the queue age with fine granularity for
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@@ -133,7 +135,7 @@ suggest strategies to reduce congestion.
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$ egrep 'qmgr.*(panic|fatal|error|warning):' /var/log/maillog
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$ egrep 'qmgr.*(panic|fatal|error|warning):' /var/log/maillog
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When all else fails try the Postfix mailing list for help, but please don't
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When all else fails try the Postfix mailing list for help, but please don't
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forget to include the top 10 or 20 lines of "qshape" output.
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forget to include the top 10 or 20 lines of qshape(1) output.
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EExxaammppllee 11:: HHeeaalltthhyy qquueeuuee
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EExxaammppllee 11:: HHeeaalltthhyy qquueeuuee
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@@ -188,7 +190,7 @@ The domains shown are mostly bulk-mailers and all the volume is the tail end of
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the time distribution, showing that short term arrival rates are moderate.
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the time distribution, showing that short term arrival rates are moderate.
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Larger numbers and lower message ages are more indicative of current trouble.
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Larger numbers and lower message ages are more indicative of current trouble.
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Old mail still going nowhere is largely harmless so long as the active and
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Old mail still going nowhere is largely harmless so long as the active and
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incoming queues are short. We can also see that the groups.msg.com
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incoming queues are short. We can also see that the groups.msn.com
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undeliverables are low rate steady stream rather than a concentrated dictionary
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undeliverables are low rate steady stream rather than a concentrated dictionary
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attack that is now over.
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attack that is now over.
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@@ -214,7 +216,7 @@ Congestion was reported with the active and incoming queues large and not
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shrinking despite very large delivery agent process limits. The thread is
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shrinking despite very large delivery agent process limits. The thread is
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archived at: http://groups.google.com/groups?th=636626c645f5bbde
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archived at: http://groups.google.com/groups?th=636626c645f5bbde
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Using an older version of "qshape" it was quickly determined that all the
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Using an older version of qshape(1) it was quickly determined that all the
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messages were for just a few destinations:
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messages were for just a few destinations:
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$ qshape (show incoming and active queue status)
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$ qshape (show incoming and active queue status)
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@@ -597,6 +599,6 @@ strategies) to reduce the chances of repeated complete deferred queue flushes.
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CCrreeddiittss
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CCrreeddiittss
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The "qshape" program was developed by Victor Duchovni of Morgan Stanley, who
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The qshape(1) program was developed by Victor Duchovni of Morgan Stanley, who
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also wrote the initial version of this document.
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also wrote the initial version of this document.
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@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@ SMTP client IP address, and therefore is subject to IP spoofing.
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...the usual stuff...
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...the usual stuff...
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/etc/postfix/access:
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/etc/postfix/access:
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all permit_mynetworks,reject
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all@my.domain permit_mynetworks,reject
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all@my.hostname permit_mynetworks,reject
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Specify ddbbmm instead of hhaasshh if your system uses ddbbmm files instead of ddbb files.
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Specify ddbbmm instead of hhaasshh if your system uses ddbbmm files instead of ddbb files.
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To find out what map types Postfix supports, use the command ppoossttccoonnff --mm.
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To find out what map types Postfix supports, use the command ppoossttccoonnff --mm.
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@@ -77,29 +77,29 @@ apply to all SMTP mail.
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SMTPD_PROXY_README document. This happens while Postfix receives mail,
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SMTPD_PROXY_README document. This happens while Postfix receives mail,
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before it is stored in the incoming queue.
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before it is stored in the incoming queue.
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* Require that the client sends the HELO or EHLO command before sending the
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* Requiring that the client sends the HELO or EHLO command before sending the
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MAIL FROM or ETRN command. This may cause problems with home-grown
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MAIL FROM or ETRN command. This may cause problems with home-grown
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applications that send mail. For this reason, the requirement is disabled
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applications that send mail. For this reason, the requirement is disabled
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by default ("smtpd_helo_required = no").
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by default ("smtpd_helo_required = no").
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* Disallow illegal syntax in MAIL FROM or RCPT TO commands. This may cause
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* Disallowing illegal syntax in MAIL FROM or RCPT TO commands. This may cause
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problems with home-grown applications that send mail, and with ancient PC
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problems with home-grown applications that send mail, and with ancient PC
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mail clients. For this reason, the requirement is disabled by default
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mail clients. For this reason, the requirement is disabled by default
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("strict_rfc821_envelopes = no").
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("strict_rfc821_envelopes = no").
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o Disallow RFC 822 address syntax (example: "MAIL FROM: the dude
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o Disallowing RFC 822 address syntax (example: "MAIL FROM: the dude
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<dude@example.com>").
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<dude@example.com>").
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o Disallow addresses that are not enclosed with <> (example: "MAIL FROM:
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o Disallowing addresses that are not enclosed with <> (example: "MAIL
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dude@example.com").
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FROM: dude@example.com").
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* Reject mail from a non-existent sender address. This form of egress
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* Rejecting mail from a non-existent sender address. This form of egress
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filtering helps to slow down worms and other malware, but may cause
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filtering helps to slow down worms and other malware, but may cause
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problems with home-grown software that sends out mail software with an
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problems with home-grown software that sends out mail software with an
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unreplyable address. For this reason the requirement is disabled by default
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unreplyable address. For this reason the requirement is disabled by default
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("smtpd_reject_unlisted_sender = no").
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("smtpd_reject_unlisted_sender = no").
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* Reject mail for a non-existent recipient address. This form of ingress
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* Rejecting mail for a non-existent recipient address. This form of ingress
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filtering helps to keep the mail queue free of undeliverable MAILER-DAEMON
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filtering helps to keep the mail queue free of undeliverable MAILER-DAEMON
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messages. This requirement is enabled by default
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messages. This requirement is enabled by default
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("smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient = yes").
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("smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient = yes").
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@@ -5,19 +5,19 @@ incompatibility.
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The official Postfix release is called 2.1.x where 2=major release
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The official Postfix release is called 2.1.x where 2=major release
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number, 1=minor release number, x=patchlevel. Snapshot releases
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number, 1=minor release number, x=patchlevel. Snapshot releases
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are now called 2.2-yyyymmdd where yyyymmdd is the release date
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are called 2.2-yyyymmdd where yyyymmdd is the release date (yyyy=year,
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(yyyy=year, mm=month, dd=day). The mail_release_date configuration
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mm=month, dd=day). The mail_release_date configuration parameter
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parameter contains the release date (both for official release and
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contains the release date (both for official release and snapshot
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snapshot release). Patches are issued for the official release
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release). Patches are issued for the official release and change
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and change the patchlevel and the release date. Patches are never
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the patchlevel and the release date. Patches are never issued for
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issued for snapshot releases.
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snapshot releases.
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Major changes - critical
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Major changes - critical
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------------------------
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------------------------
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You must stop Postfix 1.x before upgrading. This is because the
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If you run Postfix 1.x or earlier then you must stop Postfix before
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master-child protocols have changed, and nothing will work with
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upgrading. This is because the master-child protocols have changed,
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the old master daemon process.
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and very little will work with the old master daemon process.
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[Incompat 20021119] You can upgrade Postfix 2.0 without stopping.
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[Incompat 20021119] You can upgrade Postfix 2.0 without stopping.
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After upgrading an existing Postfix 2.0 system you must use "postfix
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After upgrading an existing Postfix 2.0 system you must use "postfix
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@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
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Documentation needed before official release:
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=============================================
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- RELEASE_NOTES file with all changes since Postfix version 2.0.
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Tools cleanup
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=============
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Remove mantools script for 2.0 to 2.1 migration:
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docparam docuseparam double makepostconf makepostconflinks
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readme2html specmiss spell useparam user2var var2user
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Functionality to be removed before official release:
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====================================================
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- The anvil daemon. Its user interface needs to evolve.
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find . type f -print | xargs grep -i anvil
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- The tcp_table dictionary type. It's a weak protocol, and the
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SMTPD policy delegation protocol provides a superior mechanism.
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find . type f -print | xargs egrep -i 'tcp_table|tcp-based'
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- Change top-level Makefile.stable/snapshot, makedefs.stable/snapshot
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- Delete TODO-BEFORE-RELEASE :-)
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@@ -325,6 +325,7 @@ $html_directory/postlog.1.html:f:root:-:644
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$html_directory/postmap.1.html:f:root:-:644
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$html_directory/postmap.1.html:f:root:-:644
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$html_directory/postqueue.1.html:f:root:-:644
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$html_directory/postqueue.1.html:f:root:-:644
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$html_directory/postsuper.1.html:f:root:-:644
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$html_directory/postsuper.1.html:f:root:-:644
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$html_directory/qshape.1.html:f:root:-:644
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$html_directory/proxymap.8.html:f:root:-:644
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$html_directory/proxymap.8.html:f:root:-:644
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$html_directory/qmgr.8.html:f:root:-:644
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$html_directory/qmgr.8.html:f:root:-:644
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$html_directory/qmqp-sink.1.html:f:root:-:644
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$html_directory/qmqp-sink.1.html:f:root:-:644
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@@ -75,11 +75,9 @@
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# a domain name hierarchy, as described in section "TABLE
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# a domain name hierarchy, as described in section "TABLE
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# LOOKUP".
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# LOOKUP".
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#
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#
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# The result is of the form transport:nexthop. The trans-
|
# The result is of the form transport:nexthop and specifies
|
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# port field specifies a mail delivery transport such as
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# how or where to deliver mail. This is described in section
|
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# smtp or local. The nexthop field specifies where and how
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# "RESULT FORMAT".
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# to deliver mail. More details are given in section "RESULT
|
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# FORMAT".
|
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#
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#
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# TABLE LOOKUP
|
# TABLE LOOKUP
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# With lookups from indexed files such as DB or DBM, or from
|
# With lookups from indexed files such as DB or DBM, or from
|
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@@ -114,14 +112,19 @@
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# mon@hostname).
|
# mon@hostname).
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#
|
#
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# RESULT FORMAT
|
# RESULT FORMAT
|
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|
# The lookup result is of the form transport:nexthop. The
|
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# transport field specifies a mail delivery transport such
|
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# as smtp or local. The nexthop field specifies where and
|
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|
# how to deliver mail.
|
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|
#
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# The transport field specifies the name of a mail delivery
|
# The transport field specifies the name of a mail delivery
|
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# transport (the first name of a mail delivery service entry
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# transport (the first name of a mail delivery service entry
|
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# in the Postfix master.cf file).
|
# in the Postfix master.cf file).
|
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#
|
#
|
||||||
# The interpretation of the nexthop field is transport
|
# The interpretation of the nexthop field is transport
|
||||||
# dependent. In the case of SMTP, specify host:service for a
|
# dependent. In the case of SMTP, specify a service on a
|
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# non-default server port, and use [host] or [host]:port in
|
# non-default port as host:service, and disable MX (mail
|
||||||
# order to disable MX (mail exchanger) DNS lookups. The []
|
# exchanger) DNS lookups with [host] or [host]:port. The []
|
||||||
# form is required when you specify an IP address instead of
|
# form is required when you specify an IP address instead of
|
||||||
# a hostname.
|
# a hostname.
|
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#
|
#
|
||||||
@@ -147,49 +150,49 @@
|
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# .my.domain :
|
# .my.domain :
|
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# * smtp:outbound-relay.my.domain
|
# * smtp:outbound-relay.my.domain
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# In order to send mail for foo.org and its subdomains via
|
# In order to send mail for example.com and its subdomains
|
||||||
# the uucp transport to the UUCP host named foo:
|
# via the uucp transport to the UUCP host named example:
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# foo.org uucp:foo
|
# example.com uucp:example
|
||||||
# .foo.org uucp:foo
|
# .example.com uucp:example
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# When no nexthop host name is specified, the destination
|
# When no nexthop host name is specified, the destination
|
||||||
# domain name is used instead. For example, the following
|
# domain name is used instead. For example, the following
|
||||||
# directs mail for user@foo.org via the slow transport to a
|
# directs mail for user@example.com via the slow transport
|
||||||
# mail exchanger for foo.org. The slow transport could be
|
# to a mail exchanger for example.com. The slow transport
|
||||||
# something that runs at most one delivery process at a
|
# could be configured to run at most one delivery process at
|
||||||
# time:
|
# a time:
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# foo.org slow:
|
# example.com slow:
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||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# When no transport is specified, Postfix uses the transport
|
# When no transport is specified, Postfix uses the transport
|
||||||
# that matches the address domain class (see TRANSPORT FIELD
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# that matches the address domain class (see DESCRIPTION
|
||||||
# discussion above). The following sends all mail for
|
# above). The following sends all mail for example.com and
|
||||||
# foo.org and its subdomains to host gateway.foo.org:
|
# its subdomains to host gateway.example.com:
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||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# foo.org :[gateway.foo.org]
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# example.com :[gateway.example.com]
|
||||||
# .foo.org :[gateway.foo.org]
|
# .example.com :[gateway.example.com]
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# In the above example, the [] are used to suppress MX
|
# In the above example, the [] suppress MX lookups. This
|
||||||
# lookups. The result would likely point to your local
|
# prevents mail routing loops when your machine is primary
|
||||||
# machine.
|
# MX host for example.com.
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# In the case of delivery via SMTP, one may specify host-
|
# In the case of delivery via SMTP, one may specify host-
|
||||||
# name:service instead of just a host:
|
# name:service instead of just a host:
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# foo.org smtp:bar.org:2025
|
# example.com smtp:bar.example:2025
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# This directs mail for user@foo.org to host bar.org port
|
# This directs mail for user@example.com to host bar.example
|
||||||
# 2025. Instead of a numerical port a symbolic name may be
|
# port 2025. Instead of a numerical port a symbolic name may
|
||||||
# used. Specify [] around the hostname in order to disable
|
# be used. Specify [] around the hostname if MX lookups must
|
||||||
# MX lookups.
|
# be disabled.
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# The error mailer can be used to bounce mail:
|
# The error mailer can be used to bounce mail:
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# .foo.org error:mail for *.foo.org is not deliv-
|
# .example.com error:mail for *.example.com is not
|
||||||
# erable
|
# deliverable
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# This causes all mail for user@anything.foo.org to be
|
# This causes all mail for user@anything.example.com to be
|
||||||
# bounced.
|
# bounced.
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES
|
# REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES
|
||||||
|
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ COMMANDS= mailq.1.html newaliases.1.html postalias.1.html postcat.1.html \
|
|||||||
postconf.1.html postfix.1.html postkick.1.html postlock.1.html \
|
postconf.1.html postfix.1.html postkick.1.html postlock.1.html \
|
||||||
postlog.1.html postdrop.1.html postmap.1.html sendmail.1.html \
|
postlog.1.html postdrop.1.html postmap.1.html sendmail.1.html \
|
||||||
postqueue.1.html postsuper.1.html smtp-source.1.html \
|
postqueue.1.html postsuper.1.html smtp-source.1.html \
|
||||||
smtp-sink.1.html qmqp-source.1.html qmqp-sink.1.html
|
smtp-sink.1.html qmqp-source.1.html qmqp-sink.1.html \
|
||||||
|
qshape.1.html
|
||||||
CONFIG = access.5.html aliases.5.html canonical.5.html relocated.5.html \
|
CONFIG = access.5.html aliases.5.html canonical.5.html relocated.5.html \
|
||||||
transport.5.html virtual.5.html pcre_table.5.html regexp_table.5.html \
|
transport.5.html virtual.5.html pcre_table.5.html regexp_table.5.html \
|
||||||
cidr_table.5.html tcp_table.5.html header_checks.5.html \
|
cidr_table.5.html tcp_table.5.html header_checks.5.html \
|
||||||
@@ -201,6 +202,10 @@ qmqp-sink.1.html: ../src/smtpstone/qmqp-sink.c
|
|||||||
PATH=../mantools:$$PATH; \
|
PATH=../mantools:$$PATH; \
|
||||||
srctoman $? | $(AWK) | nroff -man | uniq | $(MAN2HTML) | postlink >$@
|
srctoman $? | $(AWK) | nroff -man | uniq | $(MAN2HTML) | postlink >$@
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
qshape.1.html: ../auxiliary/qshape/qshape.pl
|
||||||
|
PATH=../mantools:$$PATH; \
|
||||||
|
srctoman - $? | $(AWK) | nroff -man | uniq | $(MAN2HTML) | postlink >$@
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
access.5.html: ../proto/access
|
access.5.html: ../proto/access
|
||||||
PATH=../mantools:$$PATH; \
|
PATH=../mantools:$$PATH; \
|
||||||
srctoman - $? | $(AWK) | nroff -man | uniq | $(MAN2HTML) | postlink >$@
|
srctoman - $? | $(AWK) | nroff -man | uniq | $(MAN2HTML) | postlink >$@
|
||||||
|
@@ -118,17 +118,18 @@ on non-Postfix directories that need to be created in the process.
|
|||||||
<li> <p> Create the necessary <a href="postconf.5.html#mail_owner">mail_owner</a> account and <a href="postconf.5.html#setgid_group">setgid_group</a>
|
<li> <p> Create the necessary <a href="postconf.5.html#mail_owner">mail_owner</a> account and <a href="postconf.5.html#setgid_group">setgid_group</a>
|
||||||
group for exclusive use by Postfix. </p>
|
group for exclusive use by Postfix. </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li> <p> Execute the post-install script in the Postfix configuration
|
<li> <p> Execute the postfix command to set ownership and permission
|
||||||
directory to set ownership and permission of Postfix files and
|
of Postfix files and directories, and to update Postfix configuration
|
||||||
directories. Specify any non-default settings for <a href="postconf.5.html#mail_owner">mail_owner</a> or
|
files. If necessary, specify any non-default settings for <a href="postconf.5.html#mail_owner">mail_owner</a>
|
||||||
<a href="postconf.5.html#setgid_group">setgid_group</a> on the post-install command line: </p>
|
or <a href="postconf.5.html#setgid_group">setgid_group</a> on the postfix command line: </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<pre>
|
<pre>
|
||||||
# sh post-install upgrade-package <a href="postconf.5.html#setgid_group">setgid_group</a>=xxx <a href="postconf.5.html#mail_owner">mail_owner</a>=yyy
|
# postfix set-permissions upgrade-configuration \
|
||||||
|
<a href="postconf.5.html#setgid_group">setgid_group</a>=xxx <a href="postconf.5.html#mail_owner">mail_owner</a>=yyy
|
||||||
</pre>
|
</pre>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p> This will also update the main.cf and master.cf files if
|
<p> With Postfix versions before 2.1 you achieve the same result
|
||||||
necessary. </p>
|
by invoking the post-install script directly. </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</ul>
|
</ul>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@@ -19,16 +19,18 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<h2>Purpose of this document </h2>
|
<h2>Purpose of this document </h2>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p> This document describes the "qshape" program which helps the
|
<p> This document describes the <a href="qshape.1.html">qshape(1)</a> program which helps the
|
||||||
administrator understand the Postfix queue message distribution
|
administrator understand the Postfix queue message distribution
|
||||||
sorted by time and by sender or recipient domain. qshape is bundled
|
sorted by time and by sender or recipient domain. <a href="qshape.1.html">qshape(1)</a> is
|
||||||
with the Postfix 2.1 source under the "auxiliary" directory. In
|
bundled with the Postfix 2.1 source under the "auxiliary" directory.
|
||||||
order to understand the output of qshape, it useful to understand
|
|
||||||
the various Postfix queues. To this end the role of each Postfix
|
|
||||||
queue directory is described briefly in the "Background info:
|
|
||||||
Postfix queue directories" section near the end of this document.
|
|
||||||
</p>
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p> In order to understand the output of <a href="qshape.1.html">qshape(1)</a>, it useful to
|
||||||
|
understand the various Postfix queues. To this end the role of each
|
||||||
|
Postfix queue directory is described briefly in the "Background
|
||||||
|
info: Postfix queue directories" section near the end of this
|
||||||
|
document. </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p> This document covers the following topics: </p>
|
<p> This document covers the following topics: </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<ul>
|
<ul>
|
||||||
@@ -71,8 +73,8 @@ queue</a></li>
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p> When mail is draining slowly or the queue is unexpectedly large,
|
<p> When mail is draining slowly or the queue is unexpectedly large,
|
||||||
run "qshape" as the super-user (root) to help zero in on the problem.
|
run <a href="qshape.1.html">qshape(1)</a> as the super-user (root) to help zero in on the problem.
|
||||||
The "qshape" program displays a tabular view of the Postfix queue
|
The <a href="qshape.1.html">qshape(1)</a> program displays a tabular view of the Postfix queue
|
||||||
contents. </p>
|
contents. </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<ul>
|
<ul>
|
||||||
@@ -217,7 +219,7 @@ $ egrep 'qmgr.*(panic|fatal|error|warning):' /var/log/maillog
|
|||||||
</blockquote>
|
</blockquote>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p> When all else fails try the Postfix mailing list for help, but
|
<p> When all else fails try the Postfix mailing list for help, but
|
||||||
please don't forget to include the top 10 or 20 lines of "qshape"
|
please don't forget to include the top 10 or 20 lines of <a href="qshape.1.html">qshape(1)</a>
|
||||||
output. </p>
|
output. </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<h2><a name="healthy">Example 1: Healthy queue</a></h2>
|
<h2><a name="healthy">Example 1: Healthy queue</a></h2>
|
||||||
@@ -290,7 +292,7 @@ is the tail end of the time distribution, showing that short term
|
|||||||
arrival rates are moderate. Larger numbers and lower message ages
|
arrival rates are moderate. Larger numbers and lower message ages
|
||||||
are more indicative of current trouble. Old mail still going nowhere
|
are more indicative of current trouble. Old mail still going nowhere
|
||||||
is largely harmless so long as the active and <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#incoming_queue">incoming queues</a> are
|
is largely harmless so long as the active and <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#incoming_queue">incoming queues</a> are
|
||||||
short. We can also see that the groups.msg.com undeliverables are
|
short. We can also see that the groups.msn.com undeliverables are
|
||||||
low rate steady stream rather than a concentrated dictionary attack
|
low rate steady stream rather than a concentrated dictionary attack
|
||||||
that is now over. </p>
|
that is now over. </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -322,7 +324,7 @@ queues large and not shrinking despite very large delivery agent
|
|||||||
process limits. The thread is archived at:
|
process limits. The thread is archived at:
|
||||||
<a href="http://groups.google.com/groups?th=636626c645f5bbde">http://groups.google.com/groups?th=636626c645f5bbde</a> </p>
|
<a href="http://groups.google.com/groups?th=636626c645f5bbde">http://groups.google.com/groups?th=636626c645f5bbde</a> </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p> Using an older version of "qshape" it was quickly determined
|
<p> Using an older version of <a href="qshape.1.html">qshape(1)</a> it was quickly determined
|
||||||
that all the messages were for just a few destinations: </p>
|
that all the messages were for just a few destinations: </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<blockquote>
|
<blockquote>
|
||||||
@@ -780,7 +782,7 @@ queue flushes. </p>
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<h2><a name="credits">Credits</a></h2>
|
<h2><a name="credits">Credits</a></h2>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p> The "qshape" program was developed by Victor Duchovni of Morgan
|
<p> The <a href="qshape.1.html">qshape(1)</a> program was developed by Victor Duchovni of Morgan
|
||||||
Stanley, who also wrote the initial version of this document. </p>
|
Stanley, who also wrote the initial version of this document. </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</body>
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
@@ -105,7 +105,8 @@ to IP spoofing. </p>
|
|||||||
<i>...the usual stuff...</i>
|
<i>...the usual stuff...</i>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
/etc/postfix/access:
|
/etc/postfix/access:
|
||||||
all <a href="postconf.5.html#permit_mynetworks">permit_mynetworks</a>,reject
|
all@my.domain <a href="postconf.5.html#permit_mynetworks">permit_mynetworks</a>,reject
|
||||||
|
all@my.hostname <a href="postconf.5.html#permit_mynetworks">permit_mynetworks</a>,reject
|
||||||
</pre>
|
</pre>
|
||||||
</blockquote>
|
</blockquote>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@@ -122,13 +122,13 @@ the <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#incoming_queue">incoming queue</a>. </p>
|
|||||||
in the <a href="SMTPD_PROXY_README.html">SMTPD_PROXY_README</a> document. This happens while Postfix
|
in the <a href="SMTPD_PROXY_README.html">SMTPD_PROXY_README</a> document. This happens while Postfix
|
||||||
receives mail, before it is stored in the <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#incoming_queue">incoming queue</a>. </p>
|
receives mail, before it is stored in the <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#incoming_queue">incoming queue</a>. </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li> <p> Require that the client sends the HELO or EHLO command
|
<li> <p> Requiring that the client sends the HELO or EHLO command
|
||||||
before sending the MAIL FROM or ETRN command. This may cause problems
|
before sending the MAIL FROM or ETRN command. This may cause problems
|
||||||
with home-grown applications that send mail. For this reason, the
|
with home-grown applications that send mail. For this reason, the
|
||||||
requirement is disabled by default ("<a href="postconf.5.html#smtpd_helo_required">smtpd_helo_required</a> = no").
|
requirement is disabled by default ("<a href="postconf.5.html#smtpd_helo_required">smtpd_helo_required</a> = no").
|
||||||
</p>
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li> <p> Disallow illegal syntax in MAIL FROM or RCPT TO commands.
|
<li> <p> Disallowing illegal syntax in MAIL FROM or RCPT TO commands.
|
||||||
This may cause problems with home-grown applications that send
|
This may cause problems with home-grown applications that send
|
||||||
mail, and with ancient PC mail clients. For this reason, the
|
mail, and with ancient PC mail clients. For this reason, the
|
||||||
requirement is disabled by default ("<a href="postconf.5.html#strict_rfc821_envelopes">strict_rfc821_envelopes</a> =
|
requirement is disabled by default ("<a href="postconf.5.html#strict_rfc821_envelopes">strict_rfc821_envelopes</a> =
|
||||||
@@ -136,21 +136,21 @@ no"). </p>
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<ul>
|
<ul>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li> <p> Disallow <a href="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc822.html">RFC 822</a> address syntax (example: "MAIL FROM: the
|
<li> <p> Disallowing <a href="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc822.html">RFC 822</a> address syntax (example: "MAIL FROM: the
|
||||||
dude <dude@example.com>"). </p>
|
dude <dude@example.com>"). </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li> <p> Disallow addresses that are not enclosed with <>
|
<li> <p> Disallowing addresses that are not enclosed with <>
|
||||||
(example: "MAIL FROM: dude@example.com"). </p>
|
(example: "MAIL FROM: dude@example.com"). </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</ul>
|
</ul>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li> <p> Reject mail from a non-existent sender address. This form
|
<li> <p> Rejecting mail from a non-existent sender address. This form
|
||||||
of egress filtering helps to slow down worms and other malware, but
|
of egress filtering helps to slow down worms and other malware, but
|
||||||
may cause problems with home-grown software that sends out mail
|
may cause problems with home-grown software that sends out mail
|
||||||
software with an unreplyable address. For this reason the requirement
|
software with an unreplyable address. For this reason the requirement
|
||||||
is disabled by default ("<a href="postconf.5.html#smtpd_reject_unlisted_sender">smtpd_reject_unlisted_sender</a> = no"). </p>
|
is disabled by default ("<a href="postconf.5.html#smtpd_reject_unlisted_sender">smtpd_reject_unlisted_sender</a> = no"). </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li> <p> Reject mail for a non-existent recipient address. This
|
<li> <p> Rejecting mail for a non-existent recipient address. This
|
||||||
form of ingress filtering helps to keep the mail queue free of
|
form of ingress filtering helps to keep the mail queue free of
|
||||||
undeliverable MAILER-DAEMON messages. This requirement is enabled
|
undeliverable MAILER-DAEMON messages. This requirement is enabled
|
||||||
by default ("<a href="postconf.5.html#smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient">smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient</a> = yes"). </p>
|
by default ("<a href="postconf.5.html#smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient">smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient</a> = yes"). </p>
|
||||||
|
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ their default settings. </p>
|
|||||||
2 <a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a> = $<a href="postconf.5.html#mydomain">mydomain</a>
|
2 <a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a> = $<a href="postconf.5.html#mydomain">mydomain</a>
|
||||||
3 <a href="postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost</a> = $<a href="postconf.5.html#mydomain">mydomain</a>
|
3 <a href="postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost</a> = $<a href="postconf.5.html#mydomain">mydomain</a>
|
||||||
4 <a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a> = 127.0.0.1
|
4 <a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a> = 127.0.0.1
|
||||||
5 <a href="postconf.5.html#local_transport">local_transport</a> = error:local delivery is disabled
|
5 <a href="postconf.5.html#local_transport">local_transport</a> = <a href="error.8.html">error</a>:local delivery is disabled
|
||||||
6
|
6
|
||||||
7 /etc/postfix/master.cf:
|
7 /etc/postfix/master.cf:
|
||||||
8 Comment out the local delivery agent entry
|
8 Comment out the local delivery agent entry
|
||||||
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ harder to break. </p>
|
|||||||
2 <a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a> = example.com
|
2 <a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a> = example.com
|
||||||
3 <a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination</a> =
|
3 <a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination</a> =
|
||||||
4 <a href="postconf.5.html#local_recipient_maps">local_recipient_maps</a> =
|
4 <a href="postconf.5.html#local_recipient_maps">local_recipient_maps</a> =
|
||||||
5 <a href="postconf.5.html#local_transport">local_transport</a> = error:local mail delivery is disabled
|
5 <a href="postconf.5.html#local_transport">local_transport</a> = <a href="error.8.html">error</a>:local mail delivery is disabled
|
||||||
6
|
6
|
||||||
7 /etc/postfix/master.cf:
|
7 /etc/postfix/master.cf:
|
||||||
8 Comment out the local delivery agent
|
8 Comment out the local delivery agent
|
||||||
|
@@ -118,6 +118,12 @@ POSTCONF(1) POSTCONF(1)
|
|||||||
always returns the string <b>foobar</b> as lookup
|
always returns the string <b>foobar</b> as lookup
|
||||||
result.
|
result.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<b>tcp</b> (read-only)
|
||||||
|
Perform lookups using a simple request-reply
|
||||||
|
protocol that is described in <a href="tcp_table.5.html">tcp_table(5)</a>.
|
||||||
|
This feature is not included with Postfix
|
||||||
|
2.1.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<b>unix</b> (read-only)
|
<b>unix</b> (read-only)
|
||||||
A limited way to query the UNIX authentica-
|
A limited way to query the UNIX authentica-
|
||||||
tion database. The following tables are
|
tion database. The following tables are
|
||||||
|
@@ -2245,11 +2245,9 @@ configure or operate a specific Postfix subsystem or feature.
|
|||||||
<DT><b><a name="ignore_mx_lookup_error">ignore_mx_lookup_error</a>
|
<DT><b><a name="ignore_mx_lookup_error">ignore_mx_lookup_error</a>
|
||||||
(default: no)</b></DT><DD>
|
(default: no)</b></DT><DD>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p>
|
<p> Ignore DNS MX lookups that produce no response. By default,
|
||||||
Ignore DNS MX lookups that produce no response. By default,
|
the Postfix SMTP client defers delivery and tries again after some
|
||||||
Postfix defers delivery and tries again after some delay. This
|
delay. This behavior is required by the SMTP standard. </p>
|
||||||
behavior is required by the SMTP standard.
|
|
||||||
</p>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p>
|
<p>
|
||||||
Specify "<b><a href="postconf.5.html#ignore_mx_lookup_error">ignore_mx_lookup_error</a> = yes</b>" to force a DNS A record
|
Specify "<b><a href="postconf.5.html#ignore_mx_lookup_error">ignore_mx_lookup_error</a> = yes</b>" to force a DNS A record
|
||||||
@@ -5578,12 +5576,10 @@ Skip SMTP servers that greet with a 5XX status code (go away, do
|
|||||||
not try again later).
|
not try again later).
|
||||||
</p>
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p>
|
<p> By default, the Postfix SMTP client moves on the next mail
|
||||||
By default, Postfix moves on the next mail exchanger. Specify
|
exchanger. Specify "<a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_skip_5xx_greeting">smtp_skip_5xx_greeting</a> = no" if Postfix should
|
||||||
"<a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_skip_5xx_greeting">smtp_skip_5xx_greeting</a> = no" if Postfix should bounce the mail
|
bounce the mail immediately. The default setting is incorrect, but
|
||||||
immediately. The default setting is incorrect, but it is what a
|
it is what a lot of people expect to happen. </p>
|
||||||
lot of people expect to happen.
|
|
||||||
</p>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</DD>
|
</DD>
|
||||||
@@ -6605,7 +6601,8 @@ code for rejected requests (default: 554). </dd>
|
|||||||
<dt><b><a name="reject_unknown_recipient_domain">reject_unknown_recipient_domain</a></b></dt>
|
<dt><b><a name="reject_unknown_recipient_domain">reject_unknown_recipient_domain</a></b></dt>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<dd>Reject the request when the RCPT TO address has no DNS A or MX
|
<dd>Reject the request when the RCPT TO address has no DNS A or MX
|
||||||
record. <br> The <a href="postconf.5.html#unknown_address_reject_code">unknown_address_reject_code</a> parameter specifies
|
record and Postfix is not final destination for the recipient
|
||||||
|
address. <br> The <a href="postconf.5.html#unknown_address_reject_code">unknown_address_reject_code</a> parameter specifies
|
||||||
the response code for rejected requests (default: 450). The response
|
the response code for rejected requests (default: 450). The response
|
||||||
is always 450 in case of a temporary DNS error.</dd>
|
is always 450 in case of a temporary DNS error.</dd>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -7050,10 +7047,11 @@ Postfix version 2.1 and later. </dd>
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<dt><b><a name="reject_unknown_sender_domain">reject_unknown_sender_domain</a></b></dt>
|
<dt><b><a name="reject_unknown_sender_domain">reject_unknown_sender_domain</a></b></dt>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<dd>Reject the request when the MAIL FROM address has no DNS A
|
<dd>Reject the request when the MAIL FROM address has no DNS A or
|
||||||
or MX record. <br> The <a href="postconf.5.html#unknown_address_reject_code">unknown_address_reject_code</a> parameter
|
MX record and Postfix is not final destination for the sender
|
||||||
specifies the response code for rejected requests (default: 450).
|
address. <br> The <a href="postconf.5.html#unknown_address_reject_code">unknown_address_reject_code</a> parameter specifies
|
||||||
The response is always 450 in case of a temporary DNS error. </dd>
|
the response code for rejected requests (default: 450). The response
|
||||||
|
is always 450 in case of a temporary DNS error. </dd>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<dt><b><a name="reject_unlisted_sender">reject_unlisted_sender</a></b></dt>
|
<dt><b><a name="reject_unlisted_sender">reject_unlisted_sender</a></b></dt>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
117
postfix/html/qshape.1.html
Normal file
117
postfix/html/qshape.1.html
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
|
|||||||
|
<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
|
||||||
|
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
|
||||||
|
<html> <head>
|
||||||
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
|
||||||
|
<title> Postfix manual - qshape(1) </title>
|
||||||
|
</head> <body> <pre>
|
||||||
|
QSHAPE(1) QSHAPE(1)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<b>NAME</b>
|
||||||
|
qshape - Print Postfix queue domain and age distribution
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
|
||||||
|
<b>qshape</b> [<b>-s</b>] [<b>-p</b>] [<b>-m</b> <i>min</i><b>_</b><i>subdomains</i>]
|
||||||
|
[<b>-b</b> <i>bucket</i><b>_</b><i>count</i>] [<b>-t</b> <i>bucket</i><b>_</b><i>time</i>]
|
||||||
|
[<b>-w</b> <i>terminal</i><b>_</b><i>width</i>]
|
||||||
|
[<b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>directory</i>] [<i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>name</i> ...]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
|
||||||
|
The <b>qshape</b> program helps the administrator understand the
|
||||||
|
Postfix queue message distribution in time and by sender
|
||||||
|
domain or recipient domain. The program needs read access
|
||||||
|
to the queue directories and queue files, so it must run
|
||||||
|
as the superuser or the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mail_owner">mail_owner</a></b> specified in <i>main.cf</i>
|
||||||
|
(typically <b>postfix</b>).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Options:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<b>-s</b> Display the sender domain distribution instead of
|
||||||
|
the recipient domain distribution. By default the
|
||||||
|
recipient distribution is displayed. There can be
|
||||||
|
more recipients than messages, but as each message
|
||||||
|
has only one sender, the sender distribution is a a
|
||||||
|
message distribution.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<b>-p</b> Generate aggregate statistics for parent domains.
|
||||||
|
Top level domains are not shown, nor are domains
|
||||||
|
with fewer than <i>min</i><b>_</b><i>subdomains</i> subdomains. The
|
||||||
|
names of parent domains are shown with a leading
|
||||||
|
dot, (e.g. <i>.example.com</i>).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<b>-m</b> <i>min</i><b>_</b><i>subdomains</i>
|
||||||
|
When used with the <b>-p</b> option, sets the minimum sub-
|
||||||
|
domain count needed to show a separate line for a
|
||||||
|
parent domain. The default is 5.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<b>-b</b> <i>bucket</i><b>_</b><i>count</i>
|
||||||
|
The age distribution is broken up into a sequence
|
||||||
|
of geometrically increasing intervals. This option
|
||||||
|
sets the number of intervals or "buckets". Each
|
||||||
|
bucket has a maximum queue age that is twice as
|
||||||
|
large as that of the previous bucket. The last
|
||||||
|
bucket has no age limit.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<b>-b</b> <i>bucket</i><b>_</b><i>time</i>
|
||||||
|
The age limit in minutes for the first time bucket.
|
||||||
|
The default value is 5, meaning that the first
|
||||||
|
bucket counts messages between 0 and 5 minutes old.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<b>-w</b> <i>terminal</i><b>_</b><i>width</i>
|
||||||
|
The output is right justified, with the counts for
|
||||||
|
the last bucket shown on the 80th column, the <i>ter-</i>
|
||||||
|
<i>minal</i><b>_</b><i>width</i> can be adjusted for wider screens
|
||||||
|
allowing more buckets to be displayed with truncat-
|
||||||
|
ing the domain names on the left. When a row for a
|
||||||
|
full domain name and its counters does not fit in
|
||||||
|
the specified number of columns, only the last 17
|
||||||
|
bytes of the domain name are shown with the prefix
|
||||||
|
replaced by a '+' character. Truncated parent
|
||||||
|
domain rows are shown as '.+' followed by the last
|
||||||
|
16 bytes of the domain name. If this is still too
|
||||||
|
narrow to show the domain name and all the coun-
|
||||||
|
ters, the terminal_width limit is violated.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>directory</i>
|
||||||
|
The <b>main.cf</b> configuration file is in the named
|
||||||
|
directory instead of the default configuration
|
||||||
|
directory.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Arguments:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>name</i>
|
||||||
|
By default <b>qshape</b> displays the combined distribu-
|
||||||
|
tion of the <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#incoming_queue">incoming</a> and <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#active_queue">active queues</a>. To display
|
||||||
|
a different set of queues, just list their direc-
|
||||||
|
tory names on the command line. Absolute paths are
|
||||||
|
used as is, other paths are taken relative to the
|
||||||
|
<i>main.cf</i> <b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a></b> parameter setting. While
|
||||||
|
<i>main.cf</i> supports the use of <i>$variable</i> expansion in
|
||||||
|
the definition of the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a></b> parameter,
|
||||||
|
the <b>qshape</b> program does not. If you must use vari-
|
||||||
|
able expansions in the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a></b> setting, you
|
||||||
|
must specify an explicit absolute path for each
|
||||||
|
queue subdirectory even if you want the default
|
||||||
|
<a href="QSHAPE_README.html#incoming_queue">incoming</a> and <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#active_queue">active queue</a> distribution.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<b>SEE ALSO</b>
|
||||||
|
<a href="mailq.1.html">mailq(1)</a> List all messages in the queue.
|
||||||
|
<a href="QSHAPE_README.html">QSHAPE_README</a> Examples and background material.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<b>FILES</b>
|
||||||
|
$<a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a>/main.cf, Postfix installation parameters.
|
||||||
|
$<a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a>/maildrop/, local submission directory.
|
||||||
|
$<a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a>/incoming/, new message queue.
|
||||||
|
$<a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a>/hold/, messages waiting for tech support.
|
||||||
|
$<a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a>/active/, messages scheduled for delivery.
|
||||||
|
$<a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a>/deferred/, messages postponed for later delivery.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<b>LICENSE</b>
|
||||||
|
The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this
|
||||||
|
software.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
|
||||||
|
Victor Duchovni
|
||||||
|
Morgan Stanley
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
QSHAPE(1)
|
||||||
|
</pre> </body> </html>
|
@@ -81,11 +81,9 @@ TRANSPORT(5) TRANSPORT(5)
|
|||||||
a domain name hierarchy, as described in section "TABLE
|
a domain name hierarchy, as described in section "TABLE
|
||||||
LOOKUP".
|
LOOKUP".
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The <i>result</i> is of the form <i>transport</i><b>:</b><i>nexthop</i>. The <i>trans-</i>
|
The <i>result</i> is of the form <i>transport:nexthop</i> and specifies
|
||||||
<i>port</i> field specifies a mail delivery transport such as
|
how or where to deliver mail. This is described in section
|
||||||
<b>smtp</b> or <b>local</b>. The <i>nexthop</i> field specifies where and how
|
"RESULT FORMAT".
|
||||||
to deliver mail. More details are given in section "RESULT
|
|
||||||
FORMAT".
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<b>TABLE LOOKUP</b>
|
<b>TABLE LOOKUP</b>
|
||||||
With lookups from indexed files such as DB or DBM, or from
|
With lookups from indexed files such as DB or DBM, or from
|
||||||
@@ -120,14 +118,19 @@ TRANSPORT(5) TRANSPORT(5)
|
|||||||
mon@hostname).
|
mon@hostname).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<b>RESULT FORMAT</b>
|
<b>RESULT FORMAT</b>
|
||||||
|
The lookup result is of the form <i>transport</i><b>:</b><i>nexthop</i>. The
|
||||||
|
<i>transport</i> field specifies a mail delivery transport such
|
||||||
|
as <b>smtp</b> or <b>local</b>. The <i>nexthop</i> field specifies where and
|
||||||
|
how to deliver mail.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The transport field specifies the name of a mail delivery
|
The transport field specifies the name of a mail delivery
|
||||||
transport (the first name of a mail delivery service entry
|
transport (the first name of a mail delivery service entry
|
||||||
in the Postfix <b>master.cf</b> file).
|
in the Postfix <b>master.cf</b> file).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The interpretation of the nexthop field is transport
|
The interpretation of the nexthop field is transport
|
||||||
dependent. In the case of SMTP, specify <i>host</i>:<i>service</i> for a
|
dependent. In the case of SMTP, specify a service on a
|
||||||
non-default server port, and use [<i>host</i>] or [<i>host</i>]:<i>port</i> in
|
non-default port as <i>host</i>:<i>service</i>, and disable MX (mail
|
||||||
order to disable MX (mail exchanger) DNS lookups. The []
|
exchanger) DNS lookups with [<i>host</i>] or [<i>host</i>]:<i>port</i>. The []
|
||||||
form is required when you specify an IP address instead of
|
form is required when you specify an IP address instead of
|
||||||
a hostname.
|
a hostname.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -153,49 +156,49 @@ TRANSPORT(5) TRANSPORT(5)
|
|||||||
<b>.my.domain :</b>
|
<b>.my.domain :</b>
|
||||||
<b>* <a href="smtp.8.html">smtp</a>:outbound-relay.my.domain</b>
|
<b>* <a href="smtp.8.html">smtp</a>:outbound-relay.my.domain</b>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In order to send mail for <b>foo.org</b> and its subdomains via
|
In order to send mail for <b>example.com</b> and its subdomains
|
||||||
the <b>uucp</b> transport to the UUCP host named <b>foo</b>:
|
via the <b>uucp</b> transport to the UUCP host named <b>example</b>:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<b>foo.org uucp:foo</b>
|
<b>example.com uucp:example</b>
|
||||||
<b>.foo.org uucp:foo</b>
|
<b>.example.com uucp:example</b>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
When no nexthop host name is specified, the destination
|
When no nexthop host name is specified, the destination
|
||||||
domain name is used instead. For example, the following
|
domain name is used instead. For example, the following
|
||||||
directs mail for <i>user</i>@<b>foo.org</b> via the <b>slow</b> transport to a
|
directs mail for <i>user</i>@<b>example.com</b> via the <b>slow</b> transport
|
||||||
mail exchanger for <b>foo.org</b>. The <b>slow</b> transport could be
|
to a mail exchanger for <b>example.com</b>. The <b>slow</b> transport
|
||||||
something that runs at most one delivery process at a
|
could be configured to run at most one delivery process at
|
||||||
time:
|
a time:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<b>foo.org slow:</b>
|
<b>example.com slow:</b>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
When no transport is specified, Postfix uses the transport
|
When no transport is specified, Postfix uses the transport
|
||||||
that matches the address domain class (see TRANSPORT FIELD
|
that matches the address domain class (see DESCRIPTION
|
||||||
discussion above). The following sends all mail for
|
above). The following sends all mail for <b>example.com</b> and
|
||||||
<b>foo.org</b> and its subdomains to host <b>gateway.foo.org</b>:
|
its subdomains to host <b>gateway.example.com</b>:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<b>foo.org :[gateway.foo.org]</b>
|
<b>example.com :[gateway.example.com]</b>
|
||||||
<b>.foo.org :[gateway.foo.org]</b>
|
<b>.example.com :[gateway.example.com]</b>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In the above example, the [] are used to suppress MX
|
In the above example, the [] suppress MX lookups. This
|
||||||
lookups. The result would likely point to your local
|
prevents mail routing loops when your machine is primary
|
||||||
machine.
|
MX host for <b>example.com</b>.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In the case of delivery via SMTP, one may specify <i>host-</i>
|
In the case of delivery via SMTP, one may specify <i>host-</i>
|
||||||
<i>name</i>:<i>service</i> instead of just a host:
|
<i>name</i>:<i>service</i> instead of just a host:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<b>foo.org <a href="smtp.8.html">smtp</a>:bar.org:2025</b>
|
<b>example.com <a href="smtp.8.html">smtp</a>:bar.example:2025</b>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This directs mail for <i>user</i>@<b>foo.org</b> to host <b>bar.org</b> port
|
This directs mail for <i>user</i>@<b>example.com</b> to host <b>bar.example</b>
|
||||||
<b>2025</b>. Instead of a numerical port a symbolic name may be
|
port <b>2025</b>. Instead of a numerical port a symbolic name may
|
||||||
used. Specify [] around the hostname in order to disable
|
be used. Specify [] around the hostname if MX lookups must
|
||||||
MX lookups.
|
be disabled.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The error mailer can be used to bounce mail:
|
The error mailer can be used to bounce mail:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<b>.foo.org error:mail for *.foo.org is not deliv-</b>
|
<b>.example.com <a href="error.8.html">error</a>:mail for *.example.com is not</b>
|
||||||
<b>erable</b>
|
<b>deliverable</b>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This causes all mail for <i>user</i>@<i>anything</i><b>.foo.org</b> to be
|
This causes all mail for <i>user</i>@<i>anything</i><b>.example.com</b> to be
|
||||||
bounced.
|
bounced.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<b>REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES</b>
|
<b>REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES</b>
|
||||||
|
2796
postfix/man/junk
Normal file
2796
postfix/man/junk
Normal file
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
@@ -99,6 +99,10 @@ described in \fBregexp_table\fR(5).
|
|||||||
A table that always returns its name as lookup result. For example,
|
A table that always returns its name as lookup result. For example,
|
||||||
\fBstatic:foobar\fR always returns the string \fBfoobar\fR as lookup
|
\fBstatic:foobar\fR always returns the string \fBfoobar\fR as lookup
|
||||||
result.
|
result.
|
||||||
|
.IP "\fBtcp\fR (read-only)"
|
||||||
|
Perform lookups using a simple request-reply protocol that is
|
||||||
|
described in tcp_table(5).
|
||||||
|
This feature is not included with Postfix 2.1.
|
||||||
.IP "\fBunix\fR (read-only)"
|
.IP "\fBunix\fR (read-only)"
|
||||||
A limited way to query the UNIX authentication database. The
|
A limited way to query the UNIX authentication database. The
|
||||||
following tables are implemented:
|
following tables are implemented:
|
||||||
|
@@ -1116,8 +1116,8 @@ The location of Postfix HTML files that describe how to build,
|
|||||||
configure or operate a specific Postfix subsystem or feature.
|
configure or operate a specific Postfix subsystem or feature.
|
||||||
.SH ignore_mx_lookup_error (default: no)
|
.SH ignore_mx_lookup_error (default: no)
|
||||||
Ignore DNS MX lookups that produce no response. By default,
|
Ignore DNS MX lookups that produce no response. By default,
|
||||||
Postfix defers delivery and tries again after some delay. This
|
the Postfix SMTP client defers delivery and tries again after some
|
||||||
behavior is required by the SMTP standard.
|
delay. This behavior is required by the SMTP standard.
|
||||||
.PP
|
.PP
|
||||||
Specify "\fBignore_mx_lookup_error = yes\fR" to force a DNS A record
|
Specify "\fBignore_mx_lookup_error = yes\fR" to force a DNS A record
|
||||||
lookup instead. This violates the SMTP standard and can result in
|
lookup instead. This violates the SMTP standard and can result in
|
||||||
@@ -2882,10 +2882,10 @@ Later Postfix versions always skip SMTP servers that greet with a
|
|||||||
Skip SMTP servers that greet with a 5XX status code (go away, do
|
Skip SMTP servers that greet with a 5XX status code (go away, do
|
||||||
not try again later).
|
not try again later).
|
||||||
.PP
|
.PP
|
||||||
By default, Postfix moves on the next mail exchanger. Specify
|
By default, the Postfix SMTP client moves on the next mail
|
||||||
"smtp_skip_5xx_greeting = no" if Postfix should bounce the mail
|
exchanger. Specify "smtp_skip_5xx_greeting = no" if Postfix should
|
||||||
immediately. The default setting is incorrect, but it is what a
|
bounce the mail immediately. The default setting is incorrect, but
|
||||||
lot of people expect to happen.
|
it is what a lot of people expect to happen.
|
||||||
.SH smtp_skip_quit_response (default: yes)
|
.SH smtp_skip_quit_response (default: yes)
|
||||||
Do not wait for the response to the SMTP QUIT command.
|
Do not wait for the response to the SMTP QUIT command.
|
||||||
.SH smtp_xforward_timeout (default: 300s)
|
.SH smtp_xforward_timeout (default: 300s)
|
||||||
@@ -3501,7 +3501,8 @@ no sender-specified routing (user@elsewhere@domain).
|
|||||||
code for rejected requests (default: 554).
|
code for rejected requests (default: 554).
|
||||||
.IP "\fBreject_unknown_recipient_domain\fR"
|
.IP "\fBreject_unknown_recipient_domain\fR"
|
||||||
Reject the request when the RCPT TO address has no DNS A or MX
|
Reject the request when the RCPT TO address has no DNS A or MX
|
||||||
record.
|
record and Postfix is not final destination for the recipient
|
||||||
|
address.
|
||||||
.br
|
.br
|
||||||
The unknown_address_reject_code parameter specifies
|
The unknown_address_reject_code parameter specifies
|
||||||
the response code for rejected requests (default: 450). The response
|
the response code for rejected requests (default: 450). The response
|
||||||
@@ -3793,12 +3794,13 @@ Enforces the reject_sender_login_mismatch restriction for
|
|||||||
unauthenticated clients only. This feature is available in
|
unauthenticated clients only. This feature is available in
|
||||||
Postfix version 2.1 and later.
|
Postfix version 2.1 and later.
|
||||||
.IP "\fBreject_unknown_sender_domain\fR"
|
.IP "\fBreject_unknown_sender_domain\fR"
|
||||||
Reject the request when the MAIL FROM address has no DNS A
|
Reject the request when the MAIL FROM address has no DNS A or
|
||||||
or MX record.
|
MX record and Postfix is not final destination for the sender
|
||||||
|
address.
|
||||||
.br
|
.br
|
||||||
The unknown_address_reject_code parameter
|
The unknown_address_reject_code parameter specifies
|
||||||
specifies the response code for rejected requests (default: 450).
|
the response code for rejected requests (default: 450). The response
|
||||||
The response is always 450 in case of a temporary DNS error.
|
is always 450 in case of a temporary DNS error.
|
||||||
.IP "\fBreject_unlisted_sender\fR"
|
.IP "\fBreject_unlisted_sender\fR"
|
||||||
Reject the request when the MAIL FROM address is not listed in
|
Reject the request when the MAIL FROM address is not listed in
|
||||||
the list of valid recipients for its domain class. See the
|
the list of valid recipients for its domain class. See the
|
||||||
|
@@ -70,11 +70,9 @@ starts with whitespace continues a logical line.
|
|||||||
The \fIpattern\fR specifies an email address, a domain name, or
|
The \fIpattern\fR specifies an email address, a domain name, or
|
||||||
a domain name hierarchy, as described in section "TABLE LOOKUP".
|
a domain name hierarchy, as described in section "TABLE LOOKUP".
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The \fIresult\fR is of the form \fItransport\fB:\fInexthop\fR.
|
The \fIresult\fR is of the form \fItransport:nexthop\fR and
|
||||||
The \fItransport\fR field specifies a mail delivery transport
|
specifies how or where to deliver mail. This is described in
|
||||||
such as \fBsmtp\fR or \fBlocal\fR. The \fInexthop\fR field
|
section "RESULT FORMAT".
|
||||||
specifies where and how to deliver mail. More details are given
|
|
||||||
in section "RESULT FORMAT".
|
|
||||||
.SH "TABLE LOOKUP"
|
.SH "TABLE LOOKUP"
|
||||||
.na
|
.na
|
||||||
.nf
|
.nf
|
||||||
@@ -111,14 +109,19 @@ mailer-daemon@hostname).
|
|||||||
.nf
|
.nf
|
||||||
.ad
|
.ad
|
||||||
.fi
|
.fi
|
||||||
|
The lookup result is of the form \fItransport\fB:\fInexthop\fR.
|
||||||
|
The \fItransport\fR field specifies a mail delivery transport
|
||||||
|
such as \fBsmtp\fR or \fBlocal\fR. The \fInexthop\fR field
|
||||||
|
specifies where and how to deliver mail.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The transport field specifies the name of a mail delivery transport
|
The transport field specifies the name of a mail delivery transport
|
||||||
(the first name of a mail delivery service entry in the Postfix
|
(the first name of a mail delivery service entry in the Postfix
|
||||||
\fBmaster.cf\fR file).
|
\fBmaster.cf\fR file).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The interpretation of the nexthop field is transport
|
The interpretation of the nexthop field is transport
|
||||||
dependent. In the case of SMTP, specify \fIhost\fR:\fIservice\fR for a
|
dependent. In the case of SMTP, specify a service on a non-default
|
||||||
non-default server port, and use [\fIhost\fR] or [\fIhost\fR]:\fIport\fR
|
port as \fIhost\fR:\fIservice\fR, and disable MX (mail exchanger)
|
||||||
in order to disable MX (mail exchanger) DNS lookups. The [] form
|
DNS lookups with [\fIhost\fR] or [\fIhost\fR]:\fIport\fR. The [] form
|
||||||
is required when you specify an IP address instead of a hostname.
|
is required when you specify an IP address instead of a hostname.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A null \fItransport\fR and null \fInexthop\fR result means "do
|
A null \fItransport\fR and null \fInexthop\fR result means "do
|
||||||
@@ -148,52 +151,53 @@ destinations.
|
|||||||
.ti +5
|
.ti +5
|
||||||
\fB* smtp:outbound-relay.my.domain\fR
|
\fB* smtp:outbound-relay.my.domain\fR
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In order to send mail for \fBfoo.org\fR and its subdomains
|
In order to send mail for \fBexample.com\fR and its subdomains
|
||||||
via the \fBuucp\fR transport to the UUCP host named \fBfoo\fR:
|
via the \fBuucp\fR transport to the UUCP host named \fBexample\fR:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.ti +5
|
.ti +5
|
||||||
\fBfoo.org uucp:foo\fR
|
\fBexample.com uucp:example\fR
|
||||||
.ti +5
|
.ti +5
|
||||||
\fB\&.foo.org uucp:foo\fR
|
\fB\&.example.com uucp:example\fR
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
When no nexthop host name is specified, the destination domain
|
When no nexthop host name is specified, the destination domain
|
||||||
name is used instead. For example, the following directs mail for
|
name is used instead. For example, the following directs mail for
|
||||||
\fIuser\fR@\fBfoo.org\fR via the \fBslow\fR transport to a mail
|
\fIuser\fR@\fBexample.com\fR via the \fBslow\fR transport to a mail
|
||||||
exchanger for \fBfoo.org\fR. The \fBslow\fR transport could be
|
exchanger for \fBexample.com\fR. The \fBslow\fR transport could be
|
||||||
something that runs at most one delivery process at a time:
|
configured to run at most one delivery process at a time:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.ti +5
|
.ti +5
|
||||||
\fBfoo.org slow:\fR
|
\fBexample.com slow:\fR
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
When no transport is specified, Postfix uses the transport that
|
When no transport is specified, Postfix uses the transport that
|
||||||
matches the address domain class (see TRANSPORT FIELD discussion
|
matches the address domain class (see DESCRIPTION
|
||||||
above). The following sends all mail for \fBfoo.org\fR and its
|
above). The following sends all mail for \fBexample.com\fR and its
|
||||||
subdomains to host \fBgateway.foo.org\fR:
|
subdomains to host \fBgateway.example.com\fR:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.ti +5
|
.ti +5
|
||||||
\fBfoo.org :[gateway.foo.org]\fR
|
\fBexample.com :[gateway.example.com]\fR
|
||||||
.ti +5
|
.ti +5
|
||||||
\fB\&.foo.org :[gateway.foo.org]\fR
|
\fB\&.example.com :[gateway.example.com]\fR
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In the above example, the [] are used to suppress MX lookups.
|
In the above example, the [] suppress MX lookups.
|
||||||
The result would likely point to your local machine.
|
This prevents mail routing loops when your machine is primary MX
|
||||||
|
host for \fBexample.com\fR.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In the case of delivery via SMTP, one may specify
|
In the case of delivery via SMTP, one may specify
|
||||||
\fIhostname\fR:\fIservice\fR instead of just a host:
|
\fIhostname\fR:\fIservice\fR instead of just a host:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.ti +5
|
.ti +5
|
||||||
\fBfoo.org smtp:bar.org:2025\fR
|
\fBexample.com smtp:bar.example:2025\fR
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This directs mail for \fIuser\fR@\fBfoo.org\fR to host \fBbar.org\fR
|
This directs mail for \fIuser\fR@\fBexample.com\fR to host \fBbar.example\fR
|
||||||
port \fB2025\fR. Instead of a numerical port a symbolic name may be
|
port \fB2025\fR. Instead of a numerical port a symbolic name may be
|
||||||
used. Specify [] around the hostname in order to disable MX lookups.
|
used. Specify [] around the hostname if MX lookups must be disabled.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The error mailer can be used to bounce mail:
|
The error mailer can be used to bounce mail:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.ti +5
|
.ti +5
|
||||||
\fB\&.foo.org error:mail for *.foo.org is not deliverable\fR
|
\fB\&.example.com error:mail for *.example.com is not deliverable\fR
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This causes all mail for \fIuser\fR@\fIanything\fB.foo.org\fR
|
This causes all mail for \fIuser\fR@\fIanything\fB.example.com\fR
|
||||||
to be bounced.
|
to be bounced.
|
||||||
.SH "REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES"
|
.SH "REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES"
|
||||||
.na
|
.na
|
||||||
|
@@ -450,6 +450,7 @@ exec sed '
|
|||||||
s/[<bB>]*smtp-[</bB>]*\n* *[<bB>]*sink[</bB>]*(1)/<a href="smtp-sink.1.html">&<\/a>/g
|
s/[<bB>]*smtp-[</bB>]*\n* *[<bB>]*sink[</bB>]*(1)/<a href="smtp-sink.1.html">&<\/a>/g
|
||||||
s/[<bB>]*qmqp-[</bB>]*\n* *[<bB>]*source[</bB>]*(1)/<a href="qmqp-source.1.html">&<\/a>/g
|
s/[<bB>]*qmqp-[</bB>]*\n* *[<bB>]*source[</bB>]*(1)/<a href="qmqp-source.1.html">&<\/a>/g
|
||||||
s/[<bB>]*qmqp-[</bB>]*\n* *[<bB>]*sink[</bB>]*(1)/<a href="qmqp-sink.1.html">&<\/a>/g
|
s/[<bB>]*qmqp-[</bB>]*\n* *[<bB>]*sink[</bB>]*(1)/<a href="qmqp-sink.1.html">&<\/a>/g
|
||||||
|
s/[<bB>]*qshape[</bB>]*(1)/<a href="qshape.1.html">&<\/a>/g
|
||||||
s/[<bB>]*access[</bB>]*(5)/<a href="access.5.html">&<\/a>/g
|
s/[<bB>]*access[</bB>]*(5)/<a href="access.5.html">&<\/a>/g
|
||||||
s/[<bB>]*aliases[</bB>]*(5)/<a href="aliases.5.html">&<\/a>/g
|
s/[<bB>]*aliases[</bB>]*(5)/<a href="aliases.5.html">&<\/a>/g
|
||||||
s/[<bB>]*canonical[</bB>]*(5)/<a href="canonical.5.html">&<\/a>/g
|
s/[<bB>]*canonical[</bB>]*(5)/<a href="canonical.5.html">&<\/a>/g
|
||||||
@@ -594,6 +595,7 @@ exec sed '
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
# Do nice links for smtp:host:port etc.
|
# Do nice links for smtp:host:port etc.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
s/[[:<:]]\(error\):/<a href="error.8.html">\1<\/a>:/g
|
||||||
s/[[:<:]]\(smtp\):/<a href="smtp.8.html">\1<\/a>:/g
|
s/[[:<:]]\(smtp\):/<a href="smtp.8.html">\1<\/a>:/g
|
||||||
s/[[:<:]]\(lmtp\):/<a href="lmtp.8.html">\1<\/a>:/g
|
s/[[:<:]]\(lmtp\):/<a href="lmtp.8.html">\1<\/a>:/g
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@@ -118,17 +118,18 @@ on non-Postfix directories that need to be created in the process.
|
|||||||
<li> <p> Create the necessary mail_owner account and setgid_group
|
<li> <p> Create the necessary mail_owner account and setgid_group
|
||||||
group for exclusive use by Postfix. </p>
|
group for exclusive use by Postfix. </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li> <p> Execute the post-install script in the Postfix configuration
|
<li> <p> Execute the postfix command to set ownership and permission
|
||||||
directory to set ownership and permission of Postfix files and
|
of Postfix files and directories, and to update Postfix configuration
|
||||||
directories. Specify any non-default settings for mail_owner or
|
files. If necessary, specify any non-default settings for mail_owner
|
||||||
setgid_group on the post-install command line: </p>
|
or setgid_group on the postfix command line: </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<pre>
|
<pre>
|
||||||
# sh post-install upgrade-package setgid_group=xxx mail_owner=yyy
|
# postfix set-permissions upgrade-configuration \
|
||||||
|
setgid_group=xxx mail_owner=yyy
|
||||||
</pre>
|
</pre>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p> This will also update the main.cf and master.cf files if
|
<p> With Postfix versions before 2.1 you achieve the same result
|
||||||
necessary. </p>
|
by invoking the post-install script directly. </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</ul>
|
</ul>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@@ -19,16 +19,18 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<h2>Purpose of this document </h2>
|
<h2>Purpose of this document </h2>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p> This document describes the "qshape" program which helps the
|
<p> This document describes the qshape(1) program which helps the
|
||||||
administrator understand the Postfix queue message distribution
|
administrator understand the Postfix queue message distribution
|
||||||
sorted by time and by sender or recipient domain. qshape is bundled
|
sorted by time and by sender or recipient domain. qshape(1) is
|
||||||
with the Postfix 2.1 source under the "auxiliary" directory. In
|
bundled with the Postfix 2.1 source under the "auxiliary" directory.
|
||||||
order to understand the output of qshape, it useful to understand
|
|
||||||
the various Postfix queues. To this end the role of each Postfix
|
|
||||||
queue directory is described briefly in the "Background info:
|
|
||||||
Postfix queue directories" section near the end of this document.
|
|
||||||
</p>
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p> In order to understand the output of qshape(1), it useful to
|
||||||
|
understand the various Postfix queues. To this end the role of each
|
||||||
|
Postfix queue directory is described briefly in the "Background
|
||||||
|
info: Postfix queue directories" section near the end of this
|
||||||
|
document. </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p> This document covers the following topics: </p>
|
<p> This document covers the following topics: </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<ul>
|
<ul>
|
||||||
@@ -71,8 +73,8 @@ queue</a></li>
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p> When mail is draining slowly or the queue is unexpectedly large,
|
<p> When mail is draining slowly or the queue is unexpectedly large,
|
||||||
run "qshape" as the super-user (root) to help zero in on the problem.
|
run qshape(1) as the super-user (root) to help zero in on the problem.
|
||||||
The "qshape" program displays a tabular view of the Postfix queue
|
The qshape(1) program displays a tabular view of the Postfix queue
|
||||||
contents. </p>
|
contents. </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<ul>
|
<ul>
|
||||||
@@ -217,7 +219,7 @@ $ egrep 'qmgr.*(panic|fatal|error|warning):' /var/log/maillog
|
|||||||
</blockquote>
|
</blockquote>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p> When all else fails try the Postfix mailing list for help, but
|
<p> When all else fails try the Postfix mailing list for help, but
|
||||||
please don't forget to include the top 10 or 20 lines of "qshape"
|
please don't forget to include the top 10 or 20 lines of qshape(1)
|
||||||
output. </p>
|
output. </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<h2><a name="healthy">Example 1: Healthy queue</a></h2>
|
<h2><a name="healthy">Example 1: Healthy queue</a></h2>
|
||||||
@@ -290,7 +292,7 @@ is the tail end of the time distribution, showing that short term
|
|||||||
arrival rates are moderate. Larger numbers and lower message ages
|
arrival rates are moderate. Larger numbers and lower message ages
|
||||||
are more indicative of current trouble. Old mail still going nowhere
|
are more indicative of current trouble. Old mail still going nowhere
|
||||||
is largely harmless so long as the active and incoming queues are
|
is largely harmless so long as the active and incoming queues are
|
||||||
short. We can also see that the groups.msg.com undeliverables are
|
short. We can also see that the groups.msn.com undeliverables are
|
||||||
low rate steady stream rather than a concentrated dictionary attack
|
low rate steady stream rather than a concentrated dictionary attack
|
||||||
that is now over. </p>
|
that is now over. </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -322,7 +324,7 @@ queues large and not shrinking despite very large delivery agent
|
|||||||
process limits. The thread is archived at:
|
process limits. The thread is archived at:
|
||||||
http://groups.google.com/groups?th=636626c645f5bbde </p>
|
http://groups.google.com/groups?th=636626c645f5bbde </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p> Using an older version of "qshape" it was quickly determined
|
<p> Using an older version of qshape(1) it was quickly determined
|
||||||
that all the messages were for just a few destinations: </p>
|
that all the messages were for just a few destinations: </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<blockquote>
|
<blockquote>
|
||||||
@@ -780,7 +782,7 @@ queue flushes. </p>
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<h2><a name="credits">Credits</a></h2>
|
<h2><a name="credits">Credits</a></h2>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p> The "qshape" program was developed by Victor Duchovni of Morgan
|
<p> The qshape(1) program was developed by Victor Duchovni of Morgan
|
||||||
Stanley, who also wrote the initial version of this document. </p>
|
Stanley, who also wrote the initial version of this document. </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</body>
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
@@ -105,7 +105,8 @@ to IP spoofing. </p>
|
|||||||
<i>...the usual stuff...</i>
|
<i>...the usual stuff...</i>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
/etc/postfix/access:
|
/etc/postfix/access:
|
||||||
all permit_mynetworks,reject
|
all@my.domain permit_mynetworks,reject
|
||||||
|
all@my.hostname permit_mynetworks,reject
|
||||||
</pre>
|
</pre>
|
||||||
</blockquote>
|
</blockquote>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@@ -122,13 +122,13 @@ the incoming queue. </p>
|
|||||||
in the SMTPD_PROXY_README document. This happens while Postfix
|
in the SMTPD_PROXY_README document. This happens while Postfix
|
||||||
receives mail, before it is stored in the incoming queue. </p>
|
receives mail, before it is stored in the incoming queue. </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li> <p> Require that the client sends the HELO or EHLO command
|
<li> <p> Requiring that the client sends the HELO or EHLO command
|
||||||
before sending the MAIL FROM or ETRN command. This may cause problems
|
before sending the MAIL FROM or ETRN command. This may cause problems
|
||||||
with home-grown applications that send mail. For this reason, the
|
with home-grown applications that send mail. For this reason, the
|
||||||
requirement is disabled by default ("smtpd_helo_required = no").
|
requirement is disabled by default ("smtpd_helo_required = no").
|
||||||
</p>
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li> <p> Disallow illegal syntax in MAIL FROM or RCPT TO commands.
|
<li> <p> Disallowing illegal syntax in MAIL FROM or RCPT TO commands.
|
||||||
This may cause problems with home-grown applications that send
|
This may cause problems with home-grown applications that send
|
||||||
mail, and with ancient PC mail clients. For this reason, the
|
mail, and with ancient PC mail clients. For this reason, the
|
||||||
requirement is disabled by default ("strict_rfc821_envelopes =
|
requirement is disabled by default ("strict_rfc821_envelopes =
|
||||||
@@ -136,21 +136,21 @@ no"). </p>
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<ul>
|
<ul>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li> <p> Disallow RFC 822 address syntax (example: "MAIL FROM: the
|
<li> <p> Disallowing RFC 822 address syntax (example: "MAIL FROM: the
|
||||||
dude <dude@example.com>"). </p>
|
dude <dude@example.com>"). </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li> <p> Disallow addresses that are not enclosed with <>
|
<li> <p> Disallowing addresses that are not enclosed with <>
|
||||||
(example: "MAIL FROM: dude@example.com"). </p>
|
(example: "MAIL FROM: dude@example.com"). </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</ul>
|
</ul>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li> <p> Reject mail from a non-existent sender address. This form
|
<li> <p> Rejecting mail from a non-existent sender address. This form
|
||||||
of egress filtering helps to slow down worms and other malware, but
|
of egress filtering helps to slow down worms and other malware, but
|
||||||
may cause problems with home-grown software that sends out mail
|
may cause problems with home-grown software that sends out mail
|
||||||
software with an unreplyable address. For this reason the requirement
|
software with an unreplyable address. For this reason the requirement
|
||||||
is disabled by default ("smtpd_reject_unlisted_sender = no"). </p>
|
is disabled by default ("smtpd_reject_unlisted_sender = no"). </p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li> <p> Reject mail for a non-existent recipient address. This
|
<li> <p> Rejecting mail for a non-existent recipient address. This
|
||||||
form of ingress filtering helps to keep the mail queue free of
|
form of ingress filtering helps to keep the mail queue free of
|
||||||
undeliverable MAILER-DAEMON messages. This requirement is enabled
|
undeliverable MAILER-DAEMON messages. This requirement is enabled
|
||||||
by default ("smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient = yes"). </p>
|
by default ("smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient = yes"). </p>
|
||||||
|
@@ -1364,11 +1364,9 @@ is bounced, in order to stop a mailer loop.
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
%PARAM ignore_mx_lookup_error no
|
%PARAM ignore_mx_lookup_error no
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p>
|
<p> Ignore DNS MX lookups that produce no response. By default,
|
||||||
Ignore DNS MX lookups that produce no response. By default,
|
the Postfix SMTP client defers delivery and tries again after some
|
||||||
Postfix defers delivery and tries again after some delay. This
|
delay. This behavior is required by the SMTP standard. </p>
|
||||||
behavior is required by the SMTP standard.
|
|
||||||
</p>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p>
|
<p>
|
||||||
Specify "<b>ignore_mx_lookup_error = yes</b>" to force a DNS A record
|
Specify "<b>ignore_mx_lookup_error = yes</b>" to force a DNS A record
|
||||||
@@ -3565,12 +3563,10 @@ Skip SMTP servers that greet with a 5XX status code (go away, do
|
|||||||
not try again later).
|
not try again later).
|
||||||
</p>
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<p>
|
<p> By default, the Postfix SMTP client moves on the next mail
|
||||||
By default, Postfix moves on the next mail exchanger. Specify
|
exchanger. Specify "smtp_skip_5xx_greeting = no" if Postfix should
|
||||||
"smtp_skip_5xx_greeting = no" if Postfix should bounce the mail
|
bounce the mail immediately. The default setting is incorrect, but
|
||||||
immediately. The default setting is incorrect, but it is what a
|
it is what a lot of people expect to happen. </p>
|
||||||
lot of people expect to happen.
|
|
||||||
</p>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
%PARAM smtp_skip_quit_response yes
|
%PARAM smtp_skip_quit_response yes
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -4443,7 +4439,8 @@ code for rejected requests (default: 554). </dd>
|
|||||||
<dt><b><a name="reject_unknown_recipient_domain">reject_unknown_recipient_domain</a></b></dt>
|
<dt><b><a name="reject_unknown_recipient_domain">reject_unknown_recipient_domain</a></b></dt>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<dd>Reject the request when the RCPT TO address has no DNS A or MX
|
<dd>Reject the request when the RCPT TO address has no DNS A or MX
|
||||||
record. <br> The unknown_address_reject_code parameter specifies
|
record and Postfix is not final destination for the recipient
|
||||||
|
address. <br> The unknown_address_reject_code parameter specifies
|
||||||
the response code for rejected requests (default: 450). The response
|
the response code for rejected requests (default: 450). The response
|
||||||
is always 450 in case of a temporary DNS error.</dd>
|
is always 450 in case of a temporary DNS error.</dd>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -4767,10 +4764,11 @@ Postfix version 2.1 and later. </dd>
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<dt><b><a name="reject_unknown_sender_domain">reject_unknown_sender_domain</a></b></dt>
|
<dt><b><a name="reject_unknown_sender_domain">reject_unknown_sender_domain</a></b></dt>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<dd>Reject the request when the MAIL FROM address has no DNS A
|
<dd>Reject the request when the MAIL FROM address has no DNS A or
|
||||||
or MX record. <br> The unknown_address_reject_code parameter
|
MX record and Postfix is not final destination for the sender
|
||||||
specifies the response code for rejected requests (default: 450).
|
address. <br> The unknown_address_reject_code parameter specifies
|
||||||
The response is always 450 in case of a temporary DNS error. </dd>
|
the response code for rejected requests (default: 450). The response
|
||||||
|
is always 450 in case of a temporary DNS error. </dd>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<dt><b><a name="reject_unlisted_sender">reject_unlisted_sender</a></b></dt>
|
<dt><b><a name="reject_unlisted_sender">reject_unlisted_sender</a></b></dt>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@@ -62,11 +62,9 @@
|
|||||||
# The \fIpattern\fR specifies an email address, a domain name, or
|
# The \fIpattern\fR specifies an email address, a domain name, or
|
||||||
# a domain name hierarchy, as described in section "TABLE LOOKUP".
|
# a domain name hierarchy, as described in section "TABLE LOOKUP".
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# The \fIresult\fR is of the form \fItransport\fB:\fInexthop\fR.
|
# The \fIresult\fR is of the form \fItransport:nexthop\fR and
|
||||||
# The \fItransport\fR field specifies a mail delivery transport
|
# specifies how or where to deliver mail. This is described in
|
||||||
# such as \fBsmtp\fR or \fBlocal\fR. The \fInexthop\fR field
|
# section "RESULT FORMAT".
|
||||||
# specifies where and how to deliver mail. More details are given
|
|
||||||
# in section "RESULT FORMAT".
|
|
||||||
# TABLE LOOKUP
|
# TABLE LOOKUP
|
||||||
# .ad
|
# .ad
|
||||||
# .fi
|
# .fi
|
||||||
@@ -99,14 +97,19 @@
|
|||||||
# RESULT FORMAT
|
# RESULT FORMAT
|
||||||
# .ad
|
# .ad
|
||||||
# .fi
|
# .fi
|
||||||
|
# The lookup result is of the form \fItransport\fB:\fInexthop\fR.
|
||||||
|
# The \fItransport\fR field specifies a mail delivery transport
|
||||||
|
# such as \fBsmtp\fR or \fBlocal\fR. The \fInexthop\fR field
|
||||||
|
# specifies where and how to deliver mail.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
# The transport field specifies the name of a mail delivery transport
|
# The transport field specifies the name of a mail delivery transport
|
||||||
# (the first name of a mail delivery service entry in the Postfix
|
# (the first name of a mail delivery service entry in the Postfix
|
||||||
# \fBmaster.cf\fR file).
|
# \fBmaster.cf\fR file).
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# The interpretation of the nexthop field is transport
|
# The interpretation of the nexthop field is transport
|
||||||
# dependent. In the case of SMTP, specify \fIhost\fR:\fIservice\fR for a
|
# dependent. In the case of SMTP, specify a service on a non-default
|
||||||
# non-default server port, and use [\fIhost\fR] or [\fIhost\fR]:\fIport\fR
|
# port as \fIhost\fR:\fIservice\fR, and disable MX (mail exchanger)
|
||||||
# in order to disable MX (mail exchanger) DNS lookups. The [] form
|
# DNS lookups with [\fIhost\fR] or [\fIhost\fR]:\fIport\fR. The [] form
|
||||||
# is required when you specify an IP address instead of a hostname.
|
# is required when you specify an IP address instead of a hostname.
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# A null \fItransport\fR and null \fInexthop\fR result means "do
|
# A null \fItransport\fR and null \fInexthop\fR result means "do
|
||||||
@@ -134,52 +137,53 @@
|
|||||||
# .ti +5
|
# .ti +5
|
||||||
# \fB* smtp:outbound-relay.my.domain\fR
|
# \fB* smtp:outbound-relay.my.domain\fR
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# In order to send mail for \fBfoo.org\fR and its subdomains
|
# In order to send mail for \fBexample.com\fR and its subdomains
|
||||||
# via the \fBuucp\fR transport to the UUCP host named \fBfoo\fR:
|
# via the \fBuucp\fR transport to the UUCP host named \fBexample\fR:
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# .ti +5
|
# .ti +5
|
||||||
# \fBfoo.org uucp:foo\fR
|
# \fBexample.com uucp:example\fR
|
||||||
# .ti +5
|
# .ti +5
|
||||||
# \fB\&.foo.org uucp:foo\fR
|
# \fB\&.example.com uucp:example\fR
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# When no nexthop host name is specified, the destination domain
|
# When no nexthop host name is specified, the destination domain
|
||||||
# name is used instead. For example, the following directs mail for
|
# name is used instead. For example, the following directs mail for
|
||||||
# \fIuser\fR@\fBfoo.org\fR via the \fBslow\fR transport to a mail
|
# \fIuser\fR@\fBexample.com\fR via the \fBslow\fR transport to a mail
|
||||||
# exchanger for \fBfoo.org\fR. The \fBslow\fR transport could be
|
# exchanger for \fBexample.com\fR. The \fBslow\fR transport could be
|
||||||
# something that runs at most one delivery process at a time:
|
# configured to run at most one delivery process at a time:
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# .ti +5
|
# .ti +5
|
||||||
# \fBfoo.org slow:\fR
|
# \fBexample.com slow:\fR
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# When no transport is specified, Postfix uses the transport that
|
# When no transport is specified, Postfix uses the transport that
|
||||||
# matches the address domain class (see TRANSPORT FIELD discussion
|
# matches the address domain class (see DESCRIPTION
|
||||||
# above). The following sends all mail for \fBfoo.org\fR and its
|
# above). The following sends all mail for \fBexample.com\fR and its
|
||||||
# subdomains to host \fBgateway.foo.org\fR:
|
# subdomains to host \fBgateway.example.com\fR:
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# .ti +5
|
# .ti +5
|
||||||
# \fBfoo.org :[gateway.foo.org]\fR
|
# \fBexample.com :[gateway.example.com]\fR
|
||||||
# .ti +5
|
# .ti +5
|
||||||
# \fB\&.foo.org :[gateway.foo.org]\fR
|
# \fB\&.example.com :[gateway.example.com]\fR
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# In the above example, the [] are used to suppress MX lookups.
|
# In the above example, the [] suppress MX lookups.
|
||||||
# The result would likely point to your local machine.
|
# This prevents mail routing loops when your machine is primary MX
|
||||||
|
# host for \fBexample.com\fR.
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# In the case of delivery via SMTP, one may specify
|
# In the case of delivery via SMTP, one may specify
|
||||||
# \fIhostname\fR:\fIservice\fR instead of just a host:
|
# \fIhostname\fR:\fIservice\fR instead of just a host:
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# .ti +5
|
# .ti +5
|
||||||
# \fBfoo.org smtp:bar.org:2025\fR
|
# \fBexample.com smtp:bar.example:2025\fR
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# This directs mail for \fIuser\fR@\fBfoo.org\fR to host \fBbar.org\fR
|
# This directs mail for \fIuser\fR@\fBexample.com\fR to host \fBbar.example\fR
|
||||||
# port \fB2025\fR. Instead of a numerical port a symbolic name may be
|
# port \fB2025\fR. Instead of a numerical port a symbolic name may be
|
||||||
# used. Specify [] around the hostname in order to disable MX lookups.
|
# used. Specify [] around the hostname if MX lookups must be disabled.
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# The error mailer can be used to bounce mail:
|
# The error mailer can be used to bounce mail:
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# .ti +5
|
# .ti +5
|
||||||
# \fB\&.foo.org error:mail for *.foo.org is not deliverable\fR
|
# \fB\&.example.com error:mail for *.example.com is not deliverable\fR
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# This causes all mail for \fIuser\fR@\fIanything\fB.foo.org\fR
|
# This causes all mail for \fIuser\fR@\fIanything\fB.example.com\fR
|
||||||
# to be bounced.
|
# to be bounced.
|
||||||
# REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES
|
# REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES
|
||||||
# .ad
|
# .ad
|
||||||
|
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
|
|||||||
* Patches change the patchlevel and the release date. Snapshots change the
|
* Patches change the patchlevel and the release date. Snapshots change the
|
||||||
* release date only.
|
* release date only.
|
||||||
*/
|
*/
|
||||||
#define MAIL_RELEASE_DATE "20040421"
|
#define MAIL_RELEASE_DATE "20040422"
|
||||||
#define MAIL_VERSION_NUMBER "2.2"
|
#define MAIL_VERSION_NUMBER "2.2"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#define VAR_MAIL_VERSION "mail_version"
|
#define VAR_MAIL_VERSION "mail_version"
|
||||||
|
@@ -93,6 +93,10 @@
|
|||||||
/* A table that always returns its name as lookup result. For example,
|
/* A table that always returns its name as lookup result. For example,
|
||||||
/* \fBstatic:foobar\fR always returns the string \fBfoobar\fR as lookup
|
/* \fBstatic:foobar\fR always returns the string \fBfoobar\fR as lookup
|
||||||
/* result.
|
/* result.
|
||||||
|
/* .IP "\fBtcp\fR (read-only)"
|
||||||
|
/* Perform lookups using a simple request-reply protocol that is
|
||||||
|
/* described in tcp_table(5).
|
||||||
|
/* This feature is not included with Postfix 2.1.
|
||||||
/* .IP "\fBunix\fR (read-only)"
|
/* .IP "\fBunix\fR (read-only)"
|
||||||
/* A limited way to query the UNIX authentication database. The
|
/* A limited way to query the UNIX authentication database. The
|
||||||
/* following tables are implemented:
|
/* following tables are implemented:
|
||||||
|
@@ -149,6 +149,8 @@ smtpd.o: ../../include/quote_flags.h
|
|||||||
smtpd.o: ../../include/lex_822.h
|
smtpd.o: ../../include/lex_822.h
|
||||||
smtpd.o: ../../include/namadr_list.h
|
smtpd.o: ../../include/namadr_list.h
|
||||||
smtpd.o: ../../include/input_transp.h
|
smtpd.o: ../../include/input_transp.h
|
||||||
|
smtpd.o: ../../include/anvil_clnt.h
|
||||||
|
smtpd.o: ../../include/attr_clnt.h
|
||||||
smtpd.o: ../../include/mail_server.h
|
smtpd.o: ../../include/mail_server.h
|
||||||
smtpd.o: smtpd_token.h
|
smtpd.o: smtpd_token.h
|
||||||
smtpd.o: smtpd.h
|
smtpd.o: smtpd.h
|
||||||
@@ -230,6 +232,7 @@ smtpd_check.o: ../../include/verify_clnt.h
|
|||||||
smtpd_check.o: ../../include/deliver_request.h
|
smtpd_check.o: ../../include/deliver_request.h
|
||||||
smtpd_check.o: ../../include/recipient_list.h
|
smtpd_check.o: ../../include/recipient_list.h
|
||||||
smtpd_check.o: ../../include/input_transp.h
|
smtpd_check.o: ../../include/input_transp.h
|
||||||
|
smtpd_check.o: ../../include/is_header.h
|
||||||
smtpd_check.o: smtpd.h
|
smtpd_check.o: smtpd.h
|
||||||
smtpd_check.o: ../../include/mail_stream.h
|
smtpd_check.o: ../../include/mail_stream.h
|
||||||
smtpd_check.o: smtpd_sasl_glue.h
|
smtpd_check.o: smtpd_sasl_glue.h
|
||||||
|
Reference in New Issue
Block a user