[#1148] make NameChangeSender thread safe

src/lib/dhcp_ddns/ncr_io.cc

@@ -8,12 +8,18 @@
 #include <asiolink/asio_wrapper.h>
 #include <dhcp_ddns/dhcp_ddns_log.h>
 #include <dhcp_ddns/ncr_io.h>
+#include <util/multi_threading_mgr.h>
 
 #include <boost/algorithm/string/predicate.hpp>
 
+#include <mutex>
+
 namespace isc {
 namespace dhcp_ddns {
 
+using namespace isc::util;
+using namespace std;
+
 NameChangeProtocol stringToNcrProtocol(const std::string& protocol_str) {
     if (boost::iequals(protocol_str, "UDP")) {
         return (NCR_UDP);
@@ -154,7 +160,7 @@ NameChangeListener::invokeRecvHandler(const Result result,
 NameChangeSender::NameChangeSender(RequestSendHandler& send_handler,
                                    size_t send_queue_max)
     : sending_(false), send_handler_(send_handler),
-      send_queue_max_(send_queue_max), io_service_(NULL) {
+      send_queue_max_(send_queue_max), io_service_(NULL), mutex_(new mutex) {
 
     // Queue size must be big enough to hold at least 1 entry.
     setQueueMaxSize(send_queue_max);
@@ -167,18 +173,28 @@ NameChangeSender::startSending(isc::asiolink::IOService& io_service) {
         isc_throw(NcrSenderError, "NameChangeSender is already sending");
     }
 
-    // Clear send marker.
-    ncr_to_send_.reset();
-
     // Call implementation dependent open.
     try {
-        // Remember io service we're given.
-        io_service_ = &io_service;
-        open(io_service);
+        if (MultiThreadingMgr::instance().getMode()) {
+            lock_guard<mutex> lock(*mutex_);
+            startSendingInternal(io_service);
+        } else {
+            startSendingInternal(io_service);
+        }
     } catch (const isc::Exception& ex) {
         stopSending();
         isc_throw(NcrSenderOpenError, "Open failed: " << ex.what());
     }
+}
+
+void
+NameChangeSender::startSendingInternal(isc::asiolink::IOService& io_service) {
+    // Clear send marker.
+    ncr_to_send_.reset();
+
+    // Remember io service we're given.
+    io_service_ = &io_service;
+    open(io_service);
 
     // Set our status to sending.
     setSending(true);
@@ -229,10 +245,20 @@ NameChangeSender::sendRequest(NameChangeRequestPtr& ncr) {
         isc_throw(NcrSenderError, "request to send is empty");
     }
 
+    if (MultiThreadingMgr::instance().getMode()) {
+        lock_guard<mutex> lock(*mutex_);
+        sendRequestInternal(ncr);
+    } else {
+        sendRequestInternal(ncr);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+NameChangeSender::sendRequestInternal(NameChangeRequestPtr& ncr) {
     if (send_queue_.size() >= send_queue_max_) {
         isc_throw(NcrSenderQueueFull,
                   "send queue has reached maximum capacity: "
-                  << send_queue_max_ );
+                  << send_queue_max_);
     }
 
     // Put it on the queue.
@@ -267,6 +293,16 @@ NameChangeSender::sendNext() {
 
 void
 NameChangeSender::invokeSendHandler(const NameChangeSender::Result result) {
+    if (MultiThreadingMgr::instance().getMode()) {
+        lock_guard<mutex> lock(*mutex_);
+        invokeSendHandlerInternal(result);
+    } else {
+        invokeSendHandlerInternal(result);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+NameChangeSender::invokeSendHandlerInternal(const NameChangeSender::Result result) {
     // @todo reset defense timer
     if (result == SUCCESS) {
         // It shipped so pull it off the queue.
@@ -318,6 +354,16 @@ NameChangeSender::invokeSendHandler(const NameChangeSender::Result result) {
 
 void
 NameChangeSender::skipNext() {
+    if (MultiThreadingMgr::instance().getMode()) {
+        lock_guard<mutex> lock(*mutex_);
+        skipNextInternal();
+    } else {
+        skipNextInternal();
+    }
+}
+
+void
+NameChangeSender::skipNextInternal() {
     if (!send_queue_.empty()) {
         // Discards the request at the front of the queue.
         send_queue_.pop_front();
@@ -330,7 +376,12 @@ NameChangeSender::clearSendQueue() {
         isc_throw(NcrSenderError, "Cannot clear queue while sending");
     }
 
-    send_queue_.clear();
+    if (MultiThreadingMgr::instance().getMode()) {
+        lock_guard<mutex> lock(*mutex_);
+        send_queue_.clear();
+    } else {
+        send_queue_.clear();
+    }
 }
 
 void
@@ -341,19 +392,54 @@ NameChangeSender::setQueueMaxSize(const size_t new_max) {
     }
 
     send_queue_max_ = new_max;
-
 }
+
+size_t
+NameChangeSender::getQueueSize() const {
+    if (MultiThreadingMgr::instance().getMode()) {
+        lock_guard<mutex> lock(*mutex_);
+        return (getQueueSizeInternal());
+    } else {
+        return (getQueueSizeInternal());
+    }
+}
+
+size_t
+NameChangeSender::getQueueSizeInternal() const {
+    return (send_queue_.size());
+}
+
 const NameChangeRequestPtr&
 NameChangeSender::peekAt(const size_t index) const {
-    if (index >= getQueueSize()) {
+    if (MultiThreadingMgr::instance().getMode()) {
+        lock_guard<mutex> lock(*mutex_);
+        return (peekAtInternal(index));
+    } else {
+        return (peekAtInternal(index));
+    }
+}
+
+const NameChangeRequestPtr&
+NameChangeSender::peekAtInternal(const size_t index) const {
+    auto size = getQueueSizeInternal();
+    if (index >= size) {
         isc_throw(NcrSenderError,
                   "NameChangeSender::peekAt peek beyond end of queue attempted"
-                  << " index: " << index << " queue size: " << getQueueSize());
+                  << " index: " << index << " queue size: " << size);
     }
 
     return (send_queue_.at(index));
 }
 
+bool
+NameChangeSender::isSendInProgress() const {
+    if (MultiThreadingMgr::instance().getMode()) {
+        lock_guard<mutex> lock(*mutex_);
+        return ((ncr_to_send_) ? true : false);
+    } else {
+        return ((ncr_to_send_) ? true : false);
+    }
+}
 
 void
 NameChangeSender::assumeQueue(NameChangeSender& source_sender) {
@@ -372,6 +458,16 @@ NameChangeSender::assumeQueue(NameChangeSender& source_sender) {
                   " source queue count exceeds target queue max");
     }
 
+    if (MultiThreadingMgr::instance().getMode()) {
+        lock_guard<mutex> lock(*mutex_);
+        assumeQueueInternal(source_sender);
+    } else {
+        assumeQueueInternal(source_sender);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+NameChangeSender::assumeQueueInternal(NameChangeSender& source_sender) {
     if (!send_queue_.empty()) {
         isc_throw(NcrSenderError, "Cannot assume queue:"
                   " target queue is not empty");
@@ -399,6 +495,5 @@ NameChangeSender::runReadyIO() {
     io_service_->get_io_service().poll_one();
 }
 
-
-} // namespace isc::dhcp_ddns
-} // namespace isc
+}  // namespace dhcp_ddns
+}  // namespace isc

src/lib/dhcp_ddns/ncr_io.h

@@ -46,14 +46,16 @@
 /// communications that is independent of the IO layer mechanisms.  While the
 /// type and details of the IO mechanism are not relevant to either class, it
 /// is presumed to use isc::asiolink library for asynchronous event processing.
-///
 
 #include <asiolink/io_address.h>
 #include <asiolink/io_service.h>
 #include <dhcp_ddns/ncr_msg.h>
 #include <exceptions/exceptions.h>
 
+#include <boost/scoped_ptr.hpp>
+
 #include <deque>
+#include <mutex>
 
 namespace isc {
 namespace dhcp_ddns {
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ enum NameChangeProtocol {
   NCR_TCP
 };
 
-/// @brief Function which converts labels to  NameChangeProtocol enum values.
+/// @brief Function which converts text labels to @ref NameChangeProtocol enums.
 ///
 /// @param protocol_str text to convert to an enum.
 /// Valid string values: "UDP", "TCP"
@@ -79,7 +81,7 @@ enum NameChangeProtocol {
 /// enum value.
 extern NameChangeProtocol stringToNcrProtocol(const std::string& protocol_str);
 
-/// @brief Function which converts NameChangeProtocol enums to text labels.
+/// @brief Function which converts @ref NameChangeProtocol enums to text labels.
 ///
 /// @param protocol enum value to convert to label
 ///
@@ -167,10 +169,10 @@ public:
 
     /// @brief Defines the outcome of an asynchronous NCR receive
     enum Result {
-      SUCCESS,
-      TIME_OUT,
-      STOPPED,
-      ERROR
+        SUCCESS,
+        TIME_OUT,
+        STOPPED,
+        ERROR
     };
 
     /// @brief Abstract class for defining application layer receive callbacks.
@@ -179,7 +181,8 @@ public:
     /// derivation of this class to the listener constructor in order to
     /// receive NameChangeRequests.
     class RequestReceiveHandler {
-      public:
+    public:
+
         /// @brief Function operator implementing a NCR receive callback.
         ///
         /// This method allows the application to receive the inbound
@@ -190,6 +193,7 @@ public:
         /// @param ncr is a pointer to the newly received NameChangeRequest if
         /// result is NameChangeListener::SUCCESS.  It is indeterminate other
         /// wise.
+        ///
         /// @throw This method MUST NOT throw.
         virtual void operator ()(const Result result,
                                  NameChangeRequestPtr& ncr) = 0;
@@ -296,12 +300,15 @@ protected:
     virtual void doReceive() = 0;
 
 public:
+
     /// @brief Returns true if the listener is listening, false otherwise.
     ///
     /// A true value indicates that the IO source has been opened successfully,
     /// and that receive loop logic is active.  This implies that closing the
     /// IO source will interrupt that operation, resulting in a callback
     /// invocation.
+    ///
+    /// @return The listening mode.
     bool amListening() const {
         return (listening_);
     }
@@ -315,6 +322,8 @@ public:
     /// deleted while there is an IO call pending.  This can result in the
     /// IO service attempting to invoke methods on objects that are no longer
     /// valid.
+    ///
+    /// @return The pending flag.
     bool isIoPending() const {
         return (io_pending_);
     }
@@ -477,7 +486,8 @@ public:
     /// derivation of this class to the sender constructor in order to
     /// receive send outcome notifications.
     class RequestSendHandler {
-      public:
+    public:
+
         /// @brief Function operator implementing a NCR send callback.
         ///
         /// This method allows the application to receive the outcome of
@@ -504,7 +514,7 @@ public:
     /// send queue.  Once the maximum number is reached, all calls to
     /// sendRequest will fail with an exception.
     NameChangeSender(RequestSendHandler& send_handler,
-            size_t send_queue_max = MAX_QUEUE_DEFAULT);
+                     size_t send_queue_max = MAX_QUEUE_DEFAULT);
 
     /// @brief Destructor
     virtual ~NameChangeSender() {
@@ -573,13 +583,61 @@ public:
     /// @return true if the sender has at IO ready, false otherwise.
     virtual bool ioReady() = 0;
 
+private:
+
+    /// @brief Prepares the IO for transmission in a thread safe context.
+    ///
+    /// @param io_service is the IOService that will handle IO event processing.
+    void startSendingInternal(isc::asiolink::IOService & io_service);
+
+    /// @brief Queues the given request to be sent in a thread safe context.
+    ///
+    /// @param ncr is the NameChangeRequest to send.
+    ///
+    /// @throw NcrSenderQueueFull if the send queue has reached capacity.
+    void sendRequestInternal(NameChangeRequestPtr& ncr);
+
+    /// @brief Move all queued requests from a given sender into the send queue
+    /// in a thread safe context.
+    ///
+    /// @param source_sender from whom the queued messages will be taken
+    ///
+    /// @throw NcrSenderError if this sender's queue is not empty.
+    void assumeQueueInternal(NameChangeSender& source_sender);
+
+    /// @brief Calls the NCR send completion handler registered with the
+    /// sender in a thread safe context.
+    ///
+    /// @param result contains that send outcome status.
+    void invokeSendHandlerInternal(const NameChangeSender::Result result);
+
+    /// @brief Removes the request at the front of the send queue in a thread
+    /// safe context.
+    void skipNextInternal();
+
+    /// @brief Returns the number of entries currently in the send queue in a
+    /// thread safe context.
+    ///
+    /// @return the queue size.
+    size_t getQueueSizeInternal() const;
+
+    /// @brief Returns the entry at a given position in the queue in a thread
+    /// safe context.
+    ///
+    /// @return Pointer reference to the queue entry.
+    ///
+    /// @throw NcrSenderError if the given index is beyond the
+    /// end of the queue.
+    const NameChangeRequestPtr& peekAtInternal(const size_t index) const;
+
 protected:
-    /// @brief Dequeues and sends the next request on the send queue.
+
+    /// @brief Dequeues and sends the next request on the send queue in a thread
+    /// safe context.
     ///
     /// If there is already a send in progress just return. If there is not
     /// a send in progress and the send queue is not empty the grab the next
     /// message on the front of the queue and call doSend().
-    ///
     void sendNext();
 
     /// @brief Calls the NCR send completion handler registered with the
@@ -587,8 +645,8 @@ protected:
     ///
     /// This is the hook by which the sender's caller's NCR send completion
     /// handler is called.  This method MUST be invoked by the derivation's
-    /// implementation of doSend.   Note that if the send was a success,
-    /// the entry at the front of the queue is removed from the queue.
+    /// implementation of doSend.  Note that if the send was a success, the
+    /// entry at the front of the queue is removed from the queue.
     /// If not we leave it there so we can retry it.  After we invoke the
     /// handler we clear the pending ncr value and queue up the next send.
     ///
@@ -643,6 +701,7 @@ protected:
     virtual void doSend(NameChangeRequestPtr& ncr) = 0;
 
 public:
+
     /// @brief Removes the request at the front of the send queue
     ///
     /// This method can be used to avoid further retries of a failed
@@ -653,7 +712,7 @@ public:
     /// It is presumed that sends will only fail due to some sort of
     /// communications issue. In the unlikely event that a request is
     /// somehow tainted and causes an send failure based on its content,
-    /// this method provides a means to remove th message.
+    /// this method provides a means to remove the message.
     void skipNext();
 
     /// @brief Flushes all entries in the send queue
@@ -661,6 +720,7 @@ public:
     /// This method can be used to discard all of the NCRs currently in the
     /// the send queue.  Note it may not be called while the sender is in
     /// the sending state.
+    ///
     /// @throw NcrSenderError if called and sender is in sending state.
     void clearSendQueue();
 
@@ -668,6 +728,8 @@ public:
     ///
     /// A true value indicates that the IO sink has been opened successfully,
     /// and that send loop logic is active.
+    ///
+    /// @return The send mode.
     bool amSending() const {
         return (sending_);
     }
@@ -676,11 +738,13 @@ public:
     ///
     /// A true value indicates that a request is actively in the process of
     /// being delivered.
-    bool isSendInProgress() const {
-        return ((ncr_to_send_) ? true : false);
-    }
+    ///
+    /// @return The send in progress flag.
+    bool isSendInProgress() const;
 
     /// @brief Returns the maximum number of entries allowed in the send queue.
+    ///
+    /// @return The queue maximum size.
     size_t getQueueMaxSize() const  {
         return (send_queue_max_);
     }
@@ -696,13 +760,14 @@ public:
     void setQueueMaxSize(const size_t new_max);
 
     /// @brief Returns the number of entries currently in the send queue.
-    size_t getQueueSize() const {
-        return (send_queue_.size());
-    }
+    ///
+    /// @return The queue size.
+    size_t getQueueSize() const;
 
     /// @brief Returns the entry at a given position in the queue.
     ///
     /// Note that the entry is not removed from the queue.
+    ///
     /// @param index the index of the entry in the queue to fetch.
     /// Valid values are 0 (front of the queue) to (queue size - 1).
     ///
@@ -731,16 +796,19 @@ public:
     /// By running only one handler at time, we ensure that NCR IO activity
     /// doesn't starve other processing.  It is unclear how much of a real
     /// threat this poses but for now it is best to err on the side of caution.
-    ///
     virtual void runReadyIO();
 
 protected:
+
     /// @brief Returns a reference to the send queue.
+    ///
+    /// @return The send queue.
     SendQueue& getSendQueue() {
         return (send_queue_);
     }
 
 private:
+
     /// @brief Sets the sending indicator to the given value.
     ///
     /// Note, this method is private as it is used the base class is solely
@@ -748,7 +816,7 @@ private:
     ///
     /// @param value is the new value to assign to the indicator.
     void setSending(bool value) {
-            sending_ = value;
+        sending_ = value;
     }
 
     /// @brief Boolean indicator which tracks sending status.
@@ -771,12 +839,15 @@ private:
     /// reference.  Use a raw pointer to store it.  This value should never be
     /// exposed and is only valid while in send mode.
     asiolink::IOService* io_service_;
+
+    /// @brief The mutex used to protect internal state.
+    const boost::scoped_ptr<std::mutex> mutex_;
 };
 
 /// @brief Defines a smart pointer to an instance of a sender.
 typedef boost::shared_ptr<NameChangeSender> NameChangeSenderPtr;
 
-} // namespace isc::dhcp_ddns
-} // namespace isc
+}  // namespace dhcp_ddns
+}  // namespace isc
 
 #endif

src/lib/dhcp_ddns/tests/ncr_udp_unittests.cc

@@ -6,22 +6,26 @@
 
 #include <config.h>
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
 #include <asiolink/interval_timer.h>
 #include <dhcp_ddns/ncr_io.h>
 #include <dhcp_ddns/ncr_udp.h>
+#include <util/multi_threading_mgr.h>
 #include <util/time_utilities.h>
 #include <test_utils.h>
 
 #include <boost/asio/ip/udp.hpp>
 #include <boost/function.hpp>
 #include <boost/bind.hpp>
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
 #include <algorithm>
 
 #include <sys/select.h>
 
 using namespace std;
 using namespace isc;
+using namespace isc::util;
 using namespace isc::dhcp_ddns;
 
 namespace {
@@ -231,7 +235,7 @@ public:
 /// This test verifies that a listener can enter listening mode and
 /// receive NCRs in wire format on its UDP socket; reconstruct the
 /// NCRs and delivery them to the "application" layer.
-TEST_F(NameChangeUDPListenerTest, basicReceivetest) {
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPListenerTest, basicReceiveTests) {
     // Verify we can enter listening mode.
     ASSERT_FALSE(listener_->amListening());
     ASSERT_NO_THROW(listener_->startListening(io_service_));
@@ -283,13 +287,64 @@ public:
     int error_count_;
 };
 
+/// @brief Text fixture for testing NameChangeUDPListener
+class NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest : public virtual ::testing::Test {
+public:
+    NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest() {
+        // Disable multi-threading
+        MultiThreadingMgr::instance().setMode(false);
+    }
+
+    ~NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest() {
+        // Disable multi-threading
+        MultiThreadingMgr::instance().setMode(false);
+    }
+};
+
 /// @brief Tests the NameChangeUDPSender constructors.
 /// This test verifies that:
 /// 1. Constructing with a max queue size of 0 is not allowed
 /// 2. Given valid parameters, the sender constructor works
 /// 3. Default construction provides default max queue size
 /// 4. Construction with a custom max queue size works
-TEST(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, constructionTests) {
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, constructionTests) {
+    isc::asiolink::IOAddress ip_address(TEST_ADDRESS);
+    uint32_t port = SENDER_PORT;
+    isc::asiolink::IOService io_service;
+    SimpleSendHandler ncr_handler;
+
+    // Verify that constructing with an queue size of zero is not allowed.
+    EXPECT_THROW(NameChangeUDPSender(ip_address, port,
+        ip_address, port, FMT_JSON, ncr_handler, 0), NcrSenderError);
+
+    NameChangeSenderPtr sender;
+    // Verify that valid constructor works.
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender.reset(
+                    new NameChangeUDPSender(ip_address, port, ip_address, port,
+                                            FMT_JSON, ncr_handler)));
+
+    // Verify that send queue default max is correct.
+    size_t expected = NameChangeSender::MAX_QUEUE_DEFAULT;
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected, sender->getQueueMaxSize());
+
+    // Verify that constructor with a valid custom queue size works.
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender.reset(
+                    new NameChangeUDPSender(ip_address, port, ip_address, port,
+                                            FMT_JSON, ncr_handler, 100)));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(100, sender->getQueueMaxSize());
+}
+
+/// @brief Tests the NameChangeUDPSender constructors.
+/// This test verifies that:
+/// 1. Constructing with a max queue size of 0 is not allowed
+/// 2. Given valid parameters, the sender constructor works
+/// 3. Default construction provides default max queue size
+/// 4. Construction with a custom max queue size works
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, constructionTestsMultiThreading) {
+    // Enable multi-threading
+    MultiThreadingMgr::instance().setMode(true);
+
     isc::asiolink::IOAddress ip_address(TEST_ADDRESS);
     uint32_t port = SENDER_PORT;
     isc::asiolink::IOService io_service;
@@ -318,8 +373,135 @@ TEST(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, constructionTests) {
 }
 
 /// @brief Tests NameChangeUDPSender basic send functionality
-/// This test verifies that:
-TEST(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, basicSendTests) {
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, basicSendTests) {
+    isc::asiolink::IOAddress ip_address(TEST_ADDRESS);
+    isc::asiolink::IOService io_service;
+    SimpleSendHandler ncr_handler;
+
+    // Tests are based on a list of messages, get the count now.
+    int num_msgs = sizeof(valid_msgs)/sizeof(char*);
+
+    // Create the sender, setting the queue max equal to the number of
+    // messages we will have in the list.
+    NameChangeUDPSender sender(ip_address, SENDER_PORT, ip_address,
+                               LISTENER_PORT, FMT_JSON, ncr_handler,
+                               num_msgs, true);
+
+    // Verify that we can start sending.
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender.startSending(io_service));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(sender.amSending());
+
+    // Verify that attempting to send when we already are is an error.
+    EXPECT_THROW(sender.startSending(io_service), NcrSenderError);
+
+    // Verify that we can stop sending.
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender.stopSending());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(sender.amSending());
+
+    // Verify that attempting to stop sending when we are not is ok.
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender.stopSending());
+
+    // Verify that we can re-enter sending after stopping.
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender.startSending(io_service));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(sender.amSending());
+
+    // Fetch the sender's select-fd.
+    int select_fd = sender.getSelectFd();
+
+    // Verify select_fd is valid and currently shows no ready to read.
+    ASSERT_NE(util::WatchSocket::SOCKET_NOT_VALID, select_fd);
+
+    // Make sure select_fd does evaluates to not ready via select and
+    // that ioReady() method agrees.
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, selectCheck(select_fd));
+    ASSERT_FALSE(sender.ioReady());
+
+    // Iterate over a series of messages, sending each one. Since we
+    // do not invoke IOService::run, then the messages should accumulate
+    // in the queue.
+    NameChangeRequestPtr ncr;
+    NameChangeRequestPtr ncr2;
+    for (int i = 0; i < num_msgs; i++) {
+        ASSERT_NO_THROW(ncr = NameChangeRequest::fromJSON(valid_msgs[i]));
+        EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender.sendRequest(ncr));
+        // Verify that the queue count increments in step with each send.
+        EXPECT_EQ(i+1, sender.getQueueSize());
+
+        // Verify that peekAt(i) returns the NCR we just added.
+        ASSERT_NO_THROW(ncr2 = sender.peekAt(i));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ncr2);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(*ncr == *ncr2);
+    }
+
+    // Verify that attempting to peek beyond the end of the queue, throws.
+    ASSERT_THROW(sender.peekAt(sender.getQueueSize()+1), NcrSenderError);
+
+    // Verify that attempting to send an additional message results in a
+    // queue full exception.
+    EXPECT_THROW(sender.sendRequest(ncr), NcrSenderQueueFull);
+
+    // Loop for the number of valid messages. So long as there is at least
+    // on NCR in the queue, select-fd indicate ready to read. Invoke
+    // IOService::run_one. This should complete the send of exactly one
+    // message and the queue count should decrement accordingly.
+    for (int i = num_msgs; i > 0; i--) {
+        // Make sure select_fd does evaluates to ready via select and
+        // that ioReady() method agrees.
+        ASSERT_TRUE(selectCheck(select_fd) > 0);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(sender.ioReady());
+
+        // Execute at one ready handler.
+        ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender.runReadyIO());
+
+        // Verify that the queue count decrements in step with each run.
+        EXPECT_EQ(i-1, sender.getQueueSize());
+    }
+
+    // Make sure select_fd does evaluates to not ready via select and
+    // that ioReady() method agrees.
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, selectCheck(select_fd));
+    ASSERT_FALSE(sender.ioReady());
+
+    // Verify that the queue is empty.
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, sender.getQueueSize());
+
+    // Verify that we can add back to the queue
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender.sendRequest(ncr));
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, sender.getQueueSize());
+
+    // Verify that we can remove the current entry at the front of the queue.
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender.skipNext());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, sender.getQueueSize());
+
+    // Verify that flushing the queue is not allowed in sending state.
+    EXPECT_THROW(sender.clearSendQueue(), NcrSenderError);
+
+    // Put num_msgs messages on the queue.
+    for (int i = 0; i < num_msgs; i++) {
+        ASSERT_NO_THROW(ncr = NameChangeRequest::fromJSON(valid_msgs[i]));
+        EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender.sendRequest(ncr));
+    }
+
+    // Make sure we have number of messages expected.
+    EXPECT_EQ(num_msgs, sender.getQueueSize());
+
+    // Verify that we can gracefully stop sending.
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender.stopSending());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(sender.amSending());
+
+    // Verify that the queue is preserved after leaving sending state.
+    EXPECT_EQ(num_msgs - 1, sender.getQueueSize());
+
+    // Verify that flushing the queue works when not sending.
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender.clearSendQueue());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, sender.getQueueSize());
+}
+
+/// @brief Tests NameChangeUDPSender basic send functionality
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, basicSendTestsMultiThreading) {
+    // Enable multi-threading
+    MultiThreadingMgr::instance().setMode(true);
+
     isc::asiolink::IOAddress ip_address(TEST_ADDRESS);
     isc::asiolink::IOService io_service;
     SimpleSendHandler ncr_handler;
@@ -445,7 +627,62 @@ TEST(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, basicSendTests) {
 
 /// @brief Tests that sending gets kick-started if the queue isn't empty
 /// when startSending is called.
-TEST(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, autoStart) {
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, autoStart) {
+    isc::asiolink::IOAddress ip_address(TEST_ADDRESS);
+    isc::asiolink::IOService io_service;
+    SimpleSendHandler ncr_handler;
+
+    // Tests are based on a list of messages, get the count now.
+    int num_msgs = sizeof(valid_msgs)/sizeof(char*);
+
+    // Create the sender, setting the queue max equal to the number of
+    // messages we will have in the list.
+    NameChangeUDPSender sender(ip_address, SENDER_PORT, ip_address,
+                               LISTENER_PORT, FMT_JSON, ncr_handler,
+                               num_msgs, true);
+
+    // Verify that we can start sending.
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender.startSending(io_service));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(sender.amSending());
+
+    // Queue up messages.
+    NameChangeRequestPtr ncr;
+    for (int i = 0; i < num_msgs; i++) {
+        ASSERT_NO_THROW(ncr = NameChangeRequest::fromJSON(valid_msgs[i]));
+        EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender.sendRequest(ncr));
+    }
+    // Make sure queue count is what we expect.
+    EXPECT_EQ(num_msgs, sender.getQueueSize());
+
+    // Stop sending.
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender.stopSending());
+    ASSERT_FALSE(sender.amSending());
+
+    // We should have completed the first message only.
+    EXPECT_EQ(--num_msgs, sender.getQueueSize());
+
+    // Restart sending.
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender.startSending(io_service));
+
+    // We should be able to loop through remaining messages and send them.
+    for (int i = num_msgs; i > 0; i--) {
+        // ioReady() should evaluate to true.
+        ASSERT_TRUE(sender.ioReady());
+
+        // Execute at one ready handler.
+        ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender.runReadyIO());
+    }
+
+    // Verify that the queue is empty.
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, sender.getQueueSize());
+}
+
+/// @brief Tests that sending gets kick-started if the queue isn't empty
+/// when startSending is called.
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, autoStartMultiThreading) {
+    // Enable multi-threading
+    MultiThreadingMgr::instance().setMode(true);
+
     isc::asiolink::IOAddress ip_address(TEST_ADDRESS);
     isc::asiolink::IOService io_service;
     SimpleSendHandler ncr_handler;
@@ -496,7 +733,45 @@ TEST(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, autoStart) {
 }
 
 /// @brief Tests NameChangeUDPSender basic send  with INADDR_ANY and port 0.
-TEST(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, anyAddressSend) {
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, anyAddressSend) {
+    isc::asiolink::IOAddress ip_address(TEST_ADDRESS);
+    isc::asiolink::IOAddress any_address("0.0.0.0");
+    isc::asiolink::IOService io_service;
+    SimpleSendHandler ncr_handler;
+
+    // Tests are based on a list of messages, get the count now.
+    int num_msgs = sizeof(valid_msgs)/sizeof(char*);
+
+    // Create the sender, setting the queue max equal to the number of
+    // messages we will have in the list.
+    NameChangeUDPSender sender(any_address, 0, ip_address, LISTENER_PORT,
+                               FMT_JSON, ncr_handler, num_msgs);
+
+    // Enter send mode.
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender.startSending(io_service));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(sender.amSending());
+
+    // Create and queue up a message.
+    NameChangeRequestPtr ncr;
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(ncr = NameChangeRequest::fromJSON(valid_msgs[0]));
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender.sendRequest(ncr));
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, sender.getQueueSize());
+
+    // Verify we have a ready IO, then execute at one ready handler.
+    ASSERT_TRUE(sender.ioReady());
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender.runReadyIO());
+
+    // Verify that sender shows no IO ready.
+    // and that the queue is empty.
+    ASSERT_FALSE(sender.ioReady());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, sender.getQueueSize());
+}
+
+/// @brief Tests NameChangeUDPSender basic send  with INADDR_ANY and port 0.
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, anyAddressSendMultiThreading) {
+    // Enable multi-threading
+    MultiThreadingMgr::instance().setMode(true);
+
     isc::asiolink::IOAddress ip_address(TEST_ADDRESS);
     isc::asiolink::IOAddress any_address("0.0.0.0");
     isc::asiolink::IOService io_service;
@@ -531,7 +806,79 @@ TEST(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, anyAddressSend) {
 }
 
 /// @brief Test the NameChangeSender::assumeQueue method.
-TEST(NameChangeSender, assumeQueue) {
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, assumeQueue) {
+    isc::asiolink::IOAddress ip_address(TEST_ADDRESS);
+    uint32_t port = SENDER_PORT;
+    isc::asiolink::IOService io_service;
+    SimpleSendHandler ncr_handler;
+    NameChangeRequestPtr ncr;
+
+    // Tests are based on a list of messages, get the count now.
+    int num_msgs = sizeof(valid_msgs)/sizeof(char*);
+
+    // Create two senders with queue max equal to the number of
+    // messages we will have in the list.
+    NameChangeUDPSender sender1(ip_address, port, ip_address, port,
+                               FMT_JSON, ncr_handler, num_msgs);
+
+    NameChangeUDPSender sender2(ip_address, port+1, ip_address, port,
+                                FMT_JSON, ncr_handler, num_msgs);
+
+    // Place sender1 into send mode and queue up messages.
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender1.startSending(io_service));
+    for (int i = 0; i < num_msgs; i++) {
+        ASSERT_NO_THROW(ncr = NameChangeRequest::fromJSON(valid_msgs[i]));
+        ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender1.sendRequest(ncr));
+    }
+
+    // Make sure sender1's queue count is as expected.
+    ASSERT_EQ(num_msgs, sender1.getQueueSize());
+
+    // Verify sender1 is sending, sender2 is not.
+    ASSERT_TRUE(sender1.amSending());
+    ASSERT_FALSE(sender2.amSending());
+
+    // Transfer from sender1 to sender2 should fail because
+    // sender1 is in send mode.
+    ASSERT_THROW(sender2.assumeQueue(sender1), NcrSenderError);
+
+    // Take sender1 out of send mode.
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender1.stopSending());
+    ASSERT_FALSE(sender1.amSending());
+    // Stopping should have completed the first message.
+    --num_msgs;
+    EXPECT_EQ(num_msgs, sender1.getQueueSize());
+
+    // Transfer should succeed. Verify sender1 has none,
+    // and sender2 has num_msgs queued.
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender2.assumeQueue(sender1));
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, sender1.getQueueSize());
+    EXPECT_EQ(num_msgs, sender2.getQueueSize());
+
+    // Reduce sender1's max queue size.
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender1.setQueueMaxSize(num_msgs - 1));
+
+    // Transfer should fail as sender1's queue is not large enough.
+    ASSERT_THROW(sender1.assumeQueue(sender2), NcrSenderError);
+
+    // Place sender1 into send mode and queue up a message.
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender1.startSending(io_service));
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(ncr = NameChangeRequest::fromJSON(valid_msgs[0]));
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender1.sendRequest(ncr));
+
+    // Take sender1 out of send mode.
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender1.stopSending());
+
+    // Try to transfer from sender1 to sender2. This should fail
+    // as sender2's queue is not empty.
+    ASSERT_THROW(sender2.assumeQueue(sender1), NcrSenderError);
+}
+
+/// @brief Test the NameChangeSender::assumeQueue method.
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, assumeQueueMultiThreading) {
+    // Enable multi-threading
+    MultiThreadingMgr::instance().setMode(true);
+
     isc::asiolink::IOAddress ip_address(TEST_ADDRESS);
     uint32_t port = SENDER_PORT;
     isc::asiolink::IOService io_service;
@@ -634,6 +981,13 @@ public:
         test_timer_.setup(boost::bind(&NameChangeUDPTest::testTimeoutHandler,
                                       this),
                           TEST_TIMEOUT);
+        // Disble multi-threading
+        MultiThreadingMgr::instance().setMode(false);
+    }
+
+    ~NameChangeUDPTest() {
+        // Disble multi-threading
+        MultiThreadingMgr::instance().setMode(false);
     }
 
     void reset_results() {
@@ -670,7 +1024,63 @@ public:
 /// Conducts a "round-trip" test using a sender to transmit a set of valid
 /// NCRs to a listener.  The test verifies that what was sent matches what
 /// was received both in quantity and in content.
-TEST_F (NameChangeUDPTest, roundTripTest) {
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPTest, roundTripTest) {
+    // Place the listener into listening state.
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(listener_->startListening(io_service_));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(listener_->amListening());
+
+    // Get the number of messages in the list of test messages.
+    int num_msgs = sizeof(valid_msgs)/sizeof(char*);
+
+    // Place the sender into sending state.
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender_->startSending(io_service_));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(sender_->amSending());
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < num_msgs; i++) {
+        NameChangeRequestPtr ncr;
+        ASSERT_NO_THROW(ncr = NameChangeRequest::fromJSON(valid_msgs[i]));
+        sender_->sendRequest(ncr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(i+1, sender_->getQueueSize());
+    }
+
+    // Execute callbacks until we have sent and received all of messages.
+    while (sender_->getQueueSize() > 0 || (received_ncrs_.size() < num_msgs)) {
+        EXPECT_NO_THROW(io_service_.run_one());
+    }
+
+    // Send queue should be empty.
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, sender_->getQueueSize());
+
+    // We should have the same number of sends and receives as we do messages.
+    ASSERT_EQ(num_msgs, sent_ncrs_.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(num_msgs, received_ncrs_.size());
+
+    // Verify that what we sent matches what we received.
+    for (int i = 0; i < num_msgs; i++) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE (checkSendVsReceived(sent_ncrs_[i], received_ncrs_[i]));
+    }
+
+    // Verify that we can gracefully stop listening.
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(listener_->stopListening());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(listener_->amListening());
+
+    // Verify that IO pending is false, after cancel event occurs.
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(io_service_.run_one());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(listener_->isIoPending());
+
+    // Verify that we can gracefully stop sending.
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(sender_->stopSending());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(sender_->amSending());
+}
+
+/// @brief Uses a sender and listener to test UDP-based NCR delivery
+/// Conducts a "round-trip" test using a sender to transmit a set of valid
+/// NCRs to a listener.  The test verifies that what was sent matches what
+/// was received both in quantity and in content.
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPTest, roundTripTestMultiThreading) {
+    // Enable multi-threading
+    MultiThreadingMgr::instance().setMode(true);
+
     // Place the listener into listening state.
     ASSERT_NO_THROW(listener_->startListening(io_service_));
     EXPECT_TRUE(listener_->amListening());
@@ -721,7 +1131,42 @@ TEST_F (NameChangeUDPTest, roundTripTest) {
 
 // Tests error handling of a failure to mark the watch socket ready, when
 // sendRequest() is called.
-TEST(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, watchClosedBeforeSendRequest) {
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, watchClosedBeforeSendRequest) {
+    isc::asiolink::IOAddress ip_address(TEST_ADDRESS);
+    isc::asiolink::IOService io_service;
+    SimpleSendHandler ncr_handler;
+
+    // Create the sender and put into send mode.
+    NameChangeUDPSender sender(ip_address, 0, ip_address, LISTENER_PORT,
+                               FMT_JSON, ncr_handler, 100, true);
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender.startSending(io_service));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(sender.amSending());
+
+    // Create an NCR.
+    NameChangeRequestPtr ncr;
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(ncr = NameChangeRequest::fromJSON(valid_msgs[0]));
+
+    // Tamper with the watch socket by closing the select-fd.
+    close(sender.getSelectFd());
+
+    // Send should fail as we interfered by closing the select-fd.
+    ASSERT_THROW(sender.sendRequest(ncr), util::WatchSocketError);
+
+    // Verify we didn't invoke the handler.
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, ncr_handler.pass_count_);
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, ncr_handler.error_count_);
+
+    // Request remains in the queue. Technically it was sent but its
+    // completion handler won't get called.
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, sender.getQueueSize());
+}
+
+// Tests error handling of a failure to mark the watch socket ready, when
+// sendRequest() is called.
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, watchClosedBeforeSendRequestMultiThreading) {
+    // Enable multi-threading
+    MultiThreadingMgr::instance().setMode(true);
+
     isc::asiolink::IOAddress ip_address(TEST_ADDRESS);
     isc::asiolink::IOService io_service;
     SimpleSendHandler ncr_handler;
@@ -753,7 +1198,7 @@ TEST(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, watchClosedBeforeSendRequest) {
 
 // Tests error handling of a failure to mark the watch socket ready, when
 // sendNext() is called during completion handling.
-TEST(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, watchClosedAfterSendRequest) {
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, watchClosedAfterSendRequest) {
     isc::asiolink::IOAddress ip_address(TEST_ADDRESS);
     isc::asiolink::IOService io_service;
     SimpleSendHandler ncr_handler;
@@ -790,9 +1235,103 @@ TEST(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, watchClosedAfterSendRequest) {
     EXPECT_EQ(1, sender.getQueueSize());
 }
 
+// Tests error handling of a failure to mark the watch socket ready, when
+// sendNext() is called during completion handling.
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, watchClosedAfterSendRequestMultiThreading) {
+    // Enable multi-threading
+    MultiThreadingMgr::instance().setMode(true);
+
+    isc::asiolink::IOAddress ip_address(TEST_ADDRESS);
+    isc::asiolink::IOService io_service;
+    SimpleSendHandler ncr_handler;
+
+    // Create the sender and put into send mode.
+    NameChangeUDPSender sender(ip_address, 0, ip_address, LISTENER_PORT,
+                               FMT_JSON, ncr_handler, 100, true);
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender.startSending(io_service));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(sender.amSending());
+
+    // Build and queue up 2 messages.  No handlers will get called yet.
+    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+        NameChangeRequestPtr ncr;
+        ASSERT_NO_THROW(ncr = NameChangeRequest::fromJSON(valid_msgs[i]));
+        sender.sendRequest(ncr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(i+1, sender.getQueueSize());
+    }
+
+    // Tamper with the watch socket by closing the select-fd.
+    close (sender.getSelectFd());
+
+    // Run one handler. This should execute the send completion handler
+    // after sending the first message.  Doing completion handling, we will
+    // attempt to queue the second message which should fail.
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender.runReadyIO());
+
+    // Verify handler got called twice. First request should have be sent
+    // without error, second call should have failed to send due to watch
+    // socket markReady failure.
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, ncr_handler.pass_count_);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, ncr_handler.error_count_);
+
+    // The second request should still be in the queue.
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, sender.getQueueSize());
+}
+
+
 // Tests error handling of a failure to clear the watch socket during
 // completion handling.
-TEST(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, watchSocketBadRead) {
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, watchSocketBadRead) {
+    isc::asiolink::IOAddress ip_address(TEST_ADDRESS);
+    isc::asiolink::IOService io_service;
+    SimpleSendHandler ncr_handler;
+
+    // Create the sender and put into send mode.
+    NameChangeUDPSender sender(ip_address, 0, ip_address, LISTENER_PORT,
+                               FMT_JSON, ncr_handler, 100, true);
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender.startSending(io_service));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(sender.amSending());
+
+    // Build and queue up 2 messages.  No handlers will get called yet.
+    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+        NameChangeRequestPtr ncr;
+        ASSERT_NO_THROW(ncr = NameChangeRequest::fromJSON(valid_msgs[i]));
+        sender.sendRequest(ncr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(i+1, sender.getQueueSize());
+    }
+
+    // Fetch the sender's select-fd.
+    int select_fd = sender.getSelectFd();
+
+    // Verify that select_fd appears ready.
+    ASSERT_TRUE(selectCheck(select_fd) > 0);
+
+    // Interfere by reading part of the marker from the select-fd.
+    uint32_t buf = 0;
+    ASSERT_EQ((read (select_fd, &buf, 1)), 1);
+    ASSERT_NE(util::WatchSocket::MARKER, buf);
+
+    // Run one handler. This should execute the send completion handler
+    // after sending the message.  Doing completion handling clearing the
+    // watch socket should fail, which will close the socket, but not
+    // result in a throw.
+    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sender.runReadyIO());
+
+    // Verify handler got called twice. First request should have be sent
+    // without error, second call should have failed to send due to watch
+    // socket markReady failure.
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, ncr_handler.pass_count_);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, ncr_handler.error_count_);
+
+    // The second request should still be in the queue.
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, sender.getQueueSize());
+}
+
+// Tests error handling of a failure to clear the watch socket during
+// completion handling.
+TEST_F(NameChangeUDPSenderBasicTest, watchSocketBadReadMultiThreading) {
+    // Enable multi-threading
+    MultiThreadingMgr::instance().setMode(true);
+
     isc::asiolink::IOAddress ip_address(TEST_ADDRESS);
     isc::asiolink::IOService io_service;
     SimpleSendHandler ncr_handler;