(At least) openSUSE uses ~/.kde4 to store KDE4 settings.
This patch changes ~/.kde/ to ~/.kde{,4} in all abstractions.
The patch is mostly from Velery Valery, I only fixed a merge conflict
and added the kmail{,2} part in private-files-strict.
References: https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=741592
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com> for both trunk and 2.7.
abstraction does not allow write access to the user customizable
dictionaries, the personal dictionary (~/.aspell.$LANG.pws) and the
personal replacement dictionary (~/.aspell.$LANG.prepl). It also
adjusts the abstraction to add the owner modifier to the personal
dictionaries.
Bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/917859
Signed-off-by: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Acked-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
autogeneration code to include read access to the script itself for
interpreted scripts.
Nominated-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Acked-by: Christian Boltz <apparmor@cboltz.de> for the 2.7 branch
initial profile generation for python and ruby scripts to include
the respective abstractions.
Nominated-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Acked-by: Christian Boltz <apparmor@cboltz.de>
add machine script = /usr/sbin/smbldap-useradd -t 5 -w "%u"
smbd obviously needs x permissions for smbldap-useradd.
The commit also adds a new profile for usr.sbin.smbldap-useradd (based on
the audit.log from Alexis Pellicier).
Additionally, I moved the "/etc/samba/* rwk" rule next to the other
/etc-related rules in the smbd profile.
References: https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=738041
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
This is a backport of r1870 to the 2.7 branch.
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com> for 2.7
Original commit message for trunk r1870:
Merge from Simon Deziel for TFTP read-only access for dnsmasq. Fixes
LP: #905412
Acked-by: Jamie Strandboge <jamie@canonical.com>
add p11-kit abstraction (LP: #912754, LP: #912752)
From the README in the toplevel source:
"[P11-KIT] Provides a way to load and enumerate PKCS#11 modules. Provides a
standard configuration setup for installing PKCS#11 modules in such a way that
they're discoverable."
File locatations are described in [1]. There is a global configuration file in
/etc/pkcs11/pkcs11.conf. Per module configuration happens in
/etc/pkcs11/<module name>. There is also user configuration in ~/.pkcs11, but
IMO this should not be allowed in the abstraction. Example configuration can b
e
seen in the upstream documentation[2].
This will likely need to be refined as more applications use p11-kit.
[1]http://p11-glue.freedesktop.org/doc/p11-kit/config-locations.html
[2]http://p11-glue.freedesktop.org/doc/p11-kit/config-example.html
Acked-by: Jamie Strandboge <jamie@canonical.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Also add p11-kit to authentication abstraction
Acked-by: Jamie Strandboge <jamie@canonical.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Nvidia users need access to /dev/nvidia* files for various plugins
to work right. Since these are all focused around multimedia, add the
accesses to ubuntu-browsers.d/multimedia
Description: allow read of @{HOME}/.cups/client.conf and
@{HOME}/.cups/lpoptions
Bug-Ubuntu: https://launchpad.net/bugs/887992
Added owner match per Steve Beattie and lpoptions per Steve and Christian Bolt
z
Description: allow read access of /etc/python{2,3}.[0-7]*/sitecustomize.py
in python abstraction. This script is used by apport aware python application
s
Bug-Ubuntu: https://launchpad.net/bugs/860856
Acked-by: Jamie Strandboge <jamie@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <kees@ubuntu.com>
Description: updates for usr.bin.sshd example profile to work with zsh4, dash
and systems where /var/run moved to /run. Also allows read of
/etc/default/locale.
Bug-Ubuntu: https://launchpad.net/bugs/817956
Acked-by: Jamie Strandboge <jamie@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <kees@ubuntu.com>
"bzr commit" editor is open because bzr caches the modified file
and doesn't include last-minute changes in the commit :-/
In other words: the rule for /.htaccess didn't contain the audit
keyword in my last commit.
abstractions/apache2-common. Additionally, add read permissions
for /**/.htaccess and /dev/urandom to apache2-common.
The patch is based on a profile abstraction from darix. I made some
things more strict (compared to darix' profile), and OTOH added some
things that are needed on my servers.
*** BACKWARDS-INCOMPATIBLE CHANGES ***
^HANDLING_UNTRUSTED_INPUT
- don't allow *.htaccess files (the old /**.htaccess rule was too generous)
Note: this is slightly different to trunk r1895 regarding /.htaccess:
/.htaccess is still allowed in the 2.7 branch, but logged ("audit") and
has a comment saying that it will be disallowed in future versions.
entries where the comm entry has been hex-encoded. This occurs when the
binary being confined contains a space or other problematic character in
its filename. A test case is included.
When executing apparmor_status from rc functions and utils are not installed, this message is received:
AppArmor is enabled,
Install the apparmor-utils package to receive more detailed
status information here (or examine directly).
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
parser/Makefile has a number of issues.
* Some warnings are produced: "make[1]: warning: jobserver unavailable: using -j1. Add `+' to parent make rule."
* CXX is not always respected
* LDFLAGS are not always respected
modified to apply and retain $(Q) by John Johansen
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canoncial.com>
When running installing apparmor-utils from Makefile, some warnings are
generated: make[1]: warning: jobserver unavailable: using -j1. Add
`+' to parent make rule.
Use $(MAKE) instead of make
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Original openSUSE changelog entry:
Thu Jan 6 16:23:19 UTC 2011 - rhafer@suse.de
- Splitted ldap related things from nameservice into separate
profile and added some missing paths (bnc#662761)
If $DISPLAY is not set and --display is not used, aa-notify prints a
warning that notifications won't be shown (exact warning text depends if
using sudo or not).
Acked-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
requested and fails to be created. Also don't make the
warning output conditional on the showcache flag as we
should be showing warning/errors by default.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
openSUSE, which results in non-working desktop notifications in aa-notify
because $notify_exe is unable to connect to DBUS to display the message.
This patch sets the correct value for $HOME.
The code for setting $DISPLAY is still under discussion, therefore only
a TODO note is included in this commit for $DISPLAY.
Acked-By: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
rc.apparmor.suse), I noticed that "rcapparmor restart" is
totally silent.
The attached patch prints a message in __apparmor_restart().
It also replaces the hardcoded "return 0" with $?. I'm quite sure this
won't catch all errors, but it's still better than the hardcoded success
message.
Acked-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
- fix permissions for additional-log-sockets.conf (the comma in {var/,}
was at the wrong place, which broke the /var/run/ case)
- add read permissions for /sys/devices/system/cpu/online
(that was even new for Peter, but I trust him not to post faked
audit.log lines ;-)
Acked-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Fix the build so
make DEBUG=1
results in a compile with DEBUG turned on.
Also fix build errors in the compile with DEBUG is defined
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
This documentation should have been checked in as part of the patches
that added aa_is_confined and aa_get_con.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
The define for pid_t is missing in apparmor.h so that if it is included
in programs that don't also include sys/types.h the compile will break.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Subject: apparmor-profiles: Add samba config files
References: bnc#679182 bnc#666450
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
- updated to match trunk
- added changed path to nmbd profile (/var/cache/samba has moved to
/var/lib/samba on (at least) openSUSE 11.4), bnc#679182#c8
For backward compability, it also allows /var/spool/samba.
- Note: The smbd profile already contains both locations.
by Christian Boltz <apparmor@cboltz.de>
updated according to the comments from Steve Beattie
by Christian Boltz <apparmor@cboltz.de>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
- allow /var/spool/mail, not only the /var/mail symlink
- allow @{HOME}/Mail/
- allow capability fsetid, read access to /etc/lsb-release and
SuSE-release and k for /var/{lib,run}/dovecot in usr.bin.dovecot
References:
- dovecot: Added support for /var/spool/mail (bnc#691072)
- Updated dovecot profile (bnc#681267).
Patch taken from openSUSE:11.4:Update:Test, file apparmor-profiles-dovecot
updated to match trunk by Christian Boltz <apparmor@cboltz.de>
Change compared to the patch posted to the ML:
- link rule instead of adding l permissions for /var/lib/dovecot and
/var/run/dovecot (as proposed by John Johansen)
Acked-By: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com> on IRC
by converting the comm(1) usage on temporary files to an embedded
awk script. On both Ubuntu and OpenSUSE, a version of awk (mawk in
Ubuntu, gawk in OpenSUSE) is either a direct or indirect dependency
on the minimal or base package set, and the original reporter also
mentioned that an awk-based solution would be palatable in a way that
converting to bash, or using perl or python here would not be.
In the embedded awk script, I've tried to avoid gawk or mawk specific
behaviors or extensions; e.g. this is the reason for the call to sort
on the output of the awk script, rather than using gawk's asort(). But
please let me know if you see anything that shouldn't be portable
across awk implementations.
An additional issue that is fixed in both scripts is handling child
profiles (e.g. hats) during reload. If child profiles are filtered
out (via grep -v '//') of the list to consider, then on reloading
a profile where a child profile has been removed or renamed, that
child profile will continue to stick around. However, if the profile
containing child profiles is removed entirely, if the initscript
attempts to unload the child profiles after the parent is removed,
this will fail because they were unloaded when the parent was unloaded.
Thus I removed any filtering of child profiles out, but do a post-awk
reverse sort which guarantees that any child profiles will be removed
before their parent is. I also added the LC_COLLATE=C (based on the
Ubuntu version) to the sort call to ensure a consistent sort order.
To restate, the problem with the existing code is that it creates
temporary files in $TMPDIR (by default /tmp) and if that partition
is full, problems with the reload action ensue. Alternate solutions
include switching the initscript to use bash and its <$() extension
or setting TMPDIR to /dev/shm/. The former is unpalatable to some
(particularly for an initscript), and for the latter, /dev/shm is
only guaranteed to exist on GNU libc based systems (glibc apparently
expects /dev/shm to exist for its POSIX shared memory implementation;
see shm_overview(7)). So to me, awk (sans GNU extensions) looks to
be the least bad option here.
Bug: https://launchpad.net/bugs/775785
to switch to a non-root user. unscd is installed as /usr/sbin/nscd
at least at openSUSE.
Original changelog entry from unscd package:
Mon Sep 7 17:30:36 CEST 2009 - pbaudis[at]suse.cz
- Provide the /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.nscd file and make it allow
for change to the nobody user [bnc#535467]
Currently the nscd package from glibc and the unscd package both contain
a usr.sbin.nscd profile which needs to maintained/updated manually.
With this patch, the profile could be moved back to the
apparmor-profiles package.
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Subject: apparmor-utils: Add support for creds and path operations
References: bnc#564316
2.6.29 introduced the path security_operations and credentials
This patch adds support for those operations to the log parser.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Resolved merge conflict and removal operation already supported by
the log parser.
Acked-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
changing. Since we arguably shouldn't be hardcoding this kind of
thing, this changes a path around to use the C preprocessor to do the
work of finding the kernel definitions.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Acked-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
instead.
Needed at least on upgraded Ubuntu machines that went from messages to
syslog recently. If this causes problems, we can easily revert it.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Acked-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
syslog, otherwise audit events will get dropped.
This runs the risk of having the kernel log wrap around, but that
is a less common case that what this solves. This is a work-around
that will go away when complain info takes a different path in the
future.
I intentionally don't allow pUx and Pux since the behaviour of those is
very unexpected (the first letter decides if the environment is cleaned
up or not - at least that's the result of the discussion in April) and
the average user won't know this.
Acked-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
profiles.
It also adds a comment to the klogd profile that capability sys_admin is
only needed for backward compatibility with older kernels.
Acked-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
the modifiers as lowercase (meaning to pass on sensitive environment
variables to the exec'ed process) even if the user told them not to
when prompted. This patch fixes the issue.
aa-notify would abort if it could not stat the logfile, as can happen
when using auditd and the directory perms for the logfile do not allow access
(x). Add raise_privileges() and drop_privileges() helper functions and adjust
get_logfile_size() and get_logfile_inode() to raise then drop privileges if the
logfile parent directory is not executable. Also adjust reopen_logfile() to use
these helpers.
When error checking in these helpers, use '$> == ...' instead of '$> = ... or
die...' since perl always dies when raising privs in this manner even though
the euid did change (and $!, $@, $^E, and $? are all the same). Not sure why
this is happening but the '==' check should be sufficient.
aa-notify would abort if it could not stat the logfile, as can happen
when using auditd and the directory perms for the logfile do not allow access
(x). Add raise_privileges() and drop_privileges() helper functions and adjust
get_logfile_size() and get_logfile_inode() to raise then drop privileges if the
logfile parent directory is not executable. Also adjust reopen_logfile() to use
these helpers.
When error checking, use '$> == ...' instead of '$> = ... or die...' since perl
always dies when raising privs in this manner even though the euid did change
(and $!, $@, $^E, and $? are all the same). Not sure why this is happening but
the '==' check should be sufficient.
- drop supplemental group privileges too. While POSIX::setgid() works nice in
that it will set both the real uid and euid, it doesn't do anything with the
supplemental groups (sigh). Instead, assign to $( and $) in a manner that
clears the supplemental groups.
in merging in the opensuse fixes to the dhclient profile. It does so
by merging them, using the profile for dhclient-script if it exists
and inheriting dhclient's profile if it does not.
Subject: apparmor-utils: Fix handling of files in /
References: bnc#397883
The separate handling of files and directories with realpath is broken.
For files e.g. /foo, $dir ends up being empty since the / is eaten by
the regex. realpath resolves an empty argument as the current directory,
resulting in an incorrect path.
There's no explanation of why the separate handling was used in the
first place.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Subject: Fix for sshd profile
References: bnc#457072
Without this patch, sshd won't work in enforce mode.
libselinux accesses /proc/filesystems to determine if it's enabled
bash won't execute
audit_control is probably from libselinux too
Updated by Christian Boltz <apparmor@cboltz.de>:
- add /proc/*/oom_adj and oom_score_adj rw
- add /var/log/btmp r
- add /var/log/lastlog k
- removed capability sys_ptrace - doesn't seem to be needed
- changed all login shells to rUx, not only bash
- removed /proc/filesystems (already part of abstractions/base)
Acked-By: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
with the following note:
ACK because I don't see a choice right now but for the 3.0 release
(next year) I'll ask you to retest and add newer audit controls.
Subject: apparmor-utils: Add check_for_apparmor helper.
This should be an alias but those get complicated quickly in perl.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Subject: apparmor-utils: setprofileflags() drops leading whitespace
References: bnc#480795
setprofileflags() drops leading whitespace for subprofiles. writeheader()
properly indents subprofiles 2 spaces per nesting level but when
genprof sets the profile to enforce mode at completion, the whitespace
is removed.
This patch adds the whitespace globbing to the regexp and uses it to
prefix the sub-profile with the correct spacing.
Reported at: https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=480795
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Allow for rlimit cpu to specified which is now supported by the kernel.
Previously the rlimit units where limited to K, M, G and would fail when
KB, MB, GB where used. Allow for both, also allow for units on lengths
of time, by specifying "seconds", "minutes", "hours".. or any unique subset
eg. "s", "sec", "m", "min", "h", "hour" ..
NOTE:
This patch does not extend rlimits to be able to handle setting of tasks
that are confined by other profiles.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
to /etc/apparmor/parser.conf (NOTE option to allow changing this is not
provided currently).
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
create the generated_* directories themselves if they don't exist before
running the script to generate them.
Also modify the default invocation of prove to add -f, which reports the
details of failing test cases.
Changed /var/run/cups/** rw, to
/{,var/}run/cups/ rw,
/{,var/}run/cups/** rw,
as requested by Steve Beattie
With this change:
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Subject: dnsmasq: Profile fixes
References: bnc#666090 bnc#678749
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Updated to match master by
Christian Boltz <apparmor@cboltz.de>
Updated for systemd (/{,var/},run/ instead of /var/run/) by
Christian Boltz <apparmor@cboltz.de> as requested by Steve Beattie
With this change:
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
(final confirmation on IRC in #apparmor)
updated to match master by
Christian Boltz <apparmor@cboltz.de>
updated to work with systemd (/{,var/}run/ instead of /var/run)
Christian Boltz <apparmor@cboltz.de> as requested by Steve Beattie
With this change:
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Subject: dhcpd: Fix apparmor profile
References: bnc#692428
This patch adds the network rules needed, corrects the path to dhcpd.leases,
and adds the path for TSIG DNS keys.
Reported-by: Andrew Beames <suseforum@roocomputing.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
updated to match trunk by
Christian Boltz <apparmor@cboltz.de>
updated to use
/var/lib/dhcp/{db/,}dhcpd.leases* rwl,
(instead of just /var/lib/dhcp/db/dhcpd.leases* rwl) to keep the profile
Ubuntu-compatible as requested by Steve Beattie.
With this change:
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Subject: profiles: Add openssl abstraction
References: bnc#623886
Profiles that use openssl have been adding the openssl files piecemeal.
This patch creates a new openssl abstraction that can be inherited by
all profiles that use it.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Patch for
- profiles/apparmor.d/abstractions/ssl_certs
- profiles/apparmor/profiles/extras/usr.sbin.httpd2-prefork (second chunk)
updated by Christian Boltz <apparmor@cboltz.de>
(didn't apply to trunk)
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Copyright header in profiles/apparmor.d/abstractions/openssl added by
Christian Boltz <apparmor@cboltz.de>
Subject: profile: ntpd -N needs sys_nice
References: bnc#657054
ntpd -N allows the administrator to increase or decrease priority of the
ntp server. Since the profile doesn't allow it, the operation is denied.
This patch adds support for that operation.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
along with a link to the wiki page. This helps users locate profiles
that possibly already exist for the application they are attempting to
confine, and suggests they contribute the profile when they're done.
apparmor_2.6.1~rc1 to apparmor_2.6.1-rc1
apparmor_2.6.0~rc1 to apparmor_2.6.0-rc1
to be consistent with the new format and to enable mirroring to a git
repository
'~' replaced by '-'. This is needed for mirroring to git as git can't
handle '~'s embedded in tag or branch names.
Tested by setting up a separate tag_version target like so:
tag_version:
echo ${TAG_VERSION}
This patch fixes the init scripts helper functions file to
filter out the hat/child process separator as currently used
by the parser, '//' rather than what used to be used, the '^'
symbol. This fixes bugs where profiles that covered regexs (e.g.
'/usr/lib/firefox-4.0.1/firefox{,*[^s][^h]}') and thus were being
improperly filtered away and unloaded when reloading apparmor policy.
binary portions (Hurd). This patch splits up the build targets so this is
possible:
"main" becomes "arch"
"indep" is created and depends on "docs"
po building is moved from "main" to "indep"
"all" has "tests" removed (standard build practices are to "make" then
"make check" so I think "tests"/"check" should stay separate from "all").
redundant chunk is removed (this exists twice in the Makefile):
-.SILENT: check
-check: tests
"install" is split into "install-indep" and "install-arch"
"install-arch" requires "arch" and only installs the binaries
"install-indep" requires "indep" and only install non-binaries
Additionally, update the README to mention the "check" target both for the
parser and the utils.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Steve Beattie <steve@nxnw.org>
Some non-Linux systems do not define PATH_MAX (Hurd). Since I have no
interest in supporting a fully dynamic PATH_MAX in AppArmor, work around
this by just defining a static value that matches Linux's limits.h value.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
translations to be built via the LANGS make argument whitelist. For
example:
cd parser; make all install "LANGS=en_US fr"
will build and install the en_US and fr .mo files for the parser.
Allow dumping out which states where dropped during partition minimization
and which state became the partitions representative state.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
The dfa graph dump was broken by previous dfa cleanups so that the graph
transition target is the output of a pointer instead of the dfa state
number.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
This is a rather large rearrangement of how a subset of the parser global
variables are defined. Right now, there are unit tests built without
linking against parser_main.c. As a result, none of the globals defined in
parser_main.c could be used in the code that is built for unit tests
(misc, regex, symtab, variable). To get a clean build, either stubs needed
to be added to "#ifdef UNIT_TEST" blocks in each .c file, or we had to
depend on link-time optimizations that would throw out the unused routines.
First, this is a problem because all the compile-time warnings had to be
explicitly silenced, so reviewing the build logs becomes difficult on
failures, and we can potentially (in really unlucky situations) test
something that isn't actually part of the "real" parser.
Second, not all compilers will allow this kind of linking (e.g. mips gcc),
and the missing symbols at link time will fail the entire build even though
they're technically not needed.
To solve all of this, I've moved all of the global variables used in lex,
yacc, and main to parser_common.c, and adjusted the .h files. On top of
this, I made sure to fully link the tst builds so all symbols are resolved
(including aare lib) and removedonly tst build-log silencing (for now,
deferring to another future patchset to consolidate the build silencing).
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Johansen, use 'ix' instead of 'Pix' for dbus-launch since if someone happens to
define a profile for dbus-launch and it is loosely confined, then users of this
abstraction could end up launching a program via dbus-launch in a less confined
manner than intended. This sort of thing should not be possible via an
abstraction (and people are always free to profile using Pix if they prefer).
since things go extremely badly when capabilities disappear. If someone
wants to work on it, I have some initial patch attempts, but it was getting
too time-consuming, so I back-burnered the parser. A very small change was
needed to get the libraries to build, and this is it.
Description: Workaround non-Linux environments to build everything but the
parser.
Author: Kees Cook <kees@debian.org>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
- move cap_sys_module and cap_sys_rawio to "dangerous" capabilities
- sorted sdKapKeyDanger
Proposed by Seth Arnold,
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
about an actual bug in the parser; namely that when handling strings
encapsulated in quotes, that our handling of octals is busted. It
fixes this by fixing the case entries so that 3 digit octals will
get parsed correctly, rather than dropped.
It also adds a bunch of unit tests for the processquoted() function.
32bit arch, due to size_t objects being passed to fprintf with format
strings expecting longs. It does this by adjusting the fprintf rules
to expect size_t objects.
the default compilation rules when compiling C++ files, so that things
like CFLAGS et al will be honored. Without this, doing 'make DEBUG=y'
in the parser/ tree will not have its added -pg flag honored, breaking
profiling of the parser.
Basically the files will generate apparmor.vim as included in openSUSE
11.4 (and posted here before at the end of january). The only difference
is that the patch that Steve posted some days ago is already included
(patch summary: sdGlob: first character of variable name has to be
:alpha:, followed by any number of :alnum: or _)
stress tests on the parser, by dropping the maximum number of rules
each profile can have, as well as reducing the number of profiles to
generate by default to 50. It also cleans up the emitted profiles
a little, creates the profile names with the suffix .sd [1], fixes
stress.sh to actually honor the -p (alternate parser) argument, fixes
the profile flags generation to not generate duplicates flags, and
fixes the file rules to always start with a constant randomly-generated
prefix element (rather than a regex or variable) to greatly reduce
the possibility of X dominance collisions in the parser
'[[:alpha:]][[:alnum:]_]*' (i.e. a single alpha followed by any number
of alphanumerics or underscores). Unfortunately, the code that expends
variables inside a profile does not match this, it incorrectly matched
'([[:alpha:]]|_)+' (one or more alphas or underscores). This patch
corrects the behavior there as well as synchronizing the expected
variable names in the apparmor.d manpage and apparmor.vim syntax file.
It also adds unit tests and testcases to verify the behavior.
Signed-off-by: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
process does not generate local files for things in extras, and even if
it did, this one is named in a non-standard fashion (usr.bin.firefox vs.
usr.lib.firefox.firefox).
the extras directory as intended and fail the make if a parse failure
occurs. Also, set the default parser and logprof to be the intree ones;
the system ones can still be used by setting environment variables.
Finally, have the 'all' target generate the local files. Also, set the
parser base directory to the apparmor.d directory (rather than as an
added include, to avoid outside contamination from system profiles and
includes).
With these changes, make && make check should verify the profile set is
compilable and mostly consistent. (Alas, the current profiles are not
quite consistent).
built libapparmor, as well as working around libtool so that the
libapparmor library build directory does not get added as an rpath to
the module.
Bug: https://launchpad.net/bugs/737074
Split hfa into hfa and compressed_hfa files. The hfa portion focuses on
creating an manipulating hfas, while compressed_hfa is used for creating
compressed hfas that can be used/reused at run time with much less memory
usage than the full blown hfa.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Split out the aare_rule bits that encapsulate the convertion of apparmor
rules into the final compressed dfa.
This patch will not compile because of the it needs hfa to export an interface
but hfa is going to be split so just delay until hfa and transtable are
split and they can each export their own interface.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Start of splitting regexp.y into logical components instead of the mess
it is today. Split out the expr-tree and parsing components from regexp.y
int expr-tree.x and parse.y and since regexp.y no longer does parsing
rename it to hfa.cc
Some code cleanups snuck their way into this patch and since I am to
lazy to redo it, I have left them in.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
If the apparmor_parser is updated (outside of current packaging), when
doing profile loads it will use the existing cache of compiled profiles,
instead of forcing a recompile on profiles.
This can cause apparmor to load bad policy if the parser contains a bug
fix for the previous version of the parser.
This can be worked around in packaging by invalidating the cache and
forcing a profile reload when the parser is upgraded.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
attachment specification doesn't contain globbing.
eg.
# profile name and attachment the same - attaches as expected
profile /usr/lib/chromium-browser/chromium-browser
# profile without attachment specification - does not attach as expected
profile chromium-browser
# profile with name and attachment specification where the attachment specification uses globbing - attaches as expected
profile chromium-browser /usr/lib/chromium-browser/chromium-broswer*
# profile with name and attachment specification without globbing - FAILS to attach when it should
profile chromium-browser /usr/lib/chromium-browser/chromium-browser
This occurs because the xmatch_len is not set correctly for the profiles that specify
a name and an attachment specification, where the attachment specification does not
contain globbing characters.
In this situation the correct length for the xmatch_len is the length of the name, as
the shortest possible unambiguous match is the name length.
This patch does not fix a related bug where an attachment specification of ** will not
match (/**) will.
Older versions of the apparmor kernel patches didn't handle receiving
network tables of a larger size than expected.
Allow the parser to detect the kernel version and override the AF_MAX
value for those kernels.
This also replaces the hack using a hardcoded limit of 36 for kernels
missing the features flag.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
reload. For now just special-case libvirt's profiles. If more applications
use dynamic profiles, this should be generalized in some way to flag profiles
as dynamic. (LP: #702774)
reload. For now just special-case libvirt's profiles. If more applications
use dynamic profiles, this should be generalized in some way to flag profiles
as dynamic. (LP: #702774)
reload. For now just special-case libvirt's profiles. If more applications
use dynamic profiles, this should be generalized in some way to flag profiles
as dynamic.
Rename change_hat.c to kernel_interface.c to better reflect that it
is providing multiple kernel_interfaces.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
The apparmor_parser translation files where using the old subdomain_parser
domain, but the parser was binding to apparmor-parser. Create a new
apparmor-parser.pot file and remove the subdomain_parser.pot file.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Output a better failure message when a conflict of x permissions cause
policy compilation to fail. We don't have enough information available
to output which rules during the dfa compilation so just improve the
message to let people know that it means there are conflicting x modifiers
in the rules.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
portion of apparmor has gone upstream. These patches had already been
dropped from the 2.5.x tree.
The compatibility kernel patches are still provided.
Subject: apparmor-utils: Inherit flags in sub-profiles when generating profiles
References: bnc#496204
When creating profiles with cx subprofiles, genprof will set the
sub-profile in enforce mode. When genprof cycles multiple times, it
prohibits the sub-profile from working correctly.
e.g.
# Last Modified: Mon Jan 24 13:52:26 2011
#include <tunables/global>
/home/jeffm/mycat flags=(complain) {
#include <abstractions/base>
#include <abstractions/bash>
#include <abstractions/consoles>
/bin/bash ix,
/bin/cat cx,
/home/jeffm/mycat r,
profile /bin/cat {
#include <abstractions/base>
/bin/cat r,
/home/jeffm/mycat r,
}
}
This patch allows sub-profiles to inherit the flags from the parent
profile, which allows it to be created in complain mode (if appropriate).
The temporary complain flags are cleaned up at genprof completion as
expected.
This issue was reported at: https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=496204
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Bug: https://launchpad.net/bugs/707092
Subject: Subdomain.pm: Fix for null path
References: bnc#407959
When handling the following log entry, logprof will spew perl errors and
ultimately generate an invalid config: "r,"
Since there is nothing to do with a null path, just skip to the next entry.
type=APPARMOR_DENIED msg=audit(1214497030.421:39): operation="inode_permission" info="Failed name resolution - object not a valid entry" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" pid=31367 profile="/usr/sbin/httpd2-worker
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Subject: apparmor: Subdomain.pm: Fix handling of audits of unconfined processes
The version of AppArmor that was accepted into the mainline kernel
issues audit events for things like change_hat while unconfined.
Previous versions just returned -EPERM without the audit.
This results in logprof and friends spewing uninitialized value errors
when it hits events like:
type=AVC msg=audit(1291742101.899:220): apparmor="DENIED" operation="change_hat" info="unconfined" error=-1 pid=28005 comm="cron
... which happen any time an unconfined process does something with pam
when pam_apparmor is installed.
This patch skips those events.
[Note that the second half of the OpenSUSE patch had already been applied.]
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Subject: apparmor: Fix incorrect /proc/*/sys usage in usr.sbin.ntpd
References: bnc#634801
/proc/sys/kernel exists, but /proc/*/sys/kernel doesn't. This patch
fixes the profile.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Description: the Ubuntu buildds do not have the AppArmor securityfs mounted, so
the cache tests fail. This patch skips these tests if the introspection
directory is not mounted, but runs them if it is. This should allow testing of
local builds while still allowing builds on the official buildds.
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com> - both Ubuntu and
OpenSUSE were carrying patches that disabled the caching test,
though OpenSUSE's disabled it completely rather than checking. The
parser builds need to complete even when the kernel it's building on
doesn't support AppArmor or all the extensions that the parser needs
at runtime.
Subject: apparmor-docs: Fix grammar error in techdoc.pdf
References: bnc#588235
This patch fixes a grammar error in techdoc.pdf.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Subject: apparmor-utils: Translation unification
References: bnc#586072
This patch removes small inconsistencies between identical strings to
allow for easier translation.
Reported-by: Isis Binder <isis.binder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Subject: [PATCH] apparmor-utils: cleanup after abort in genprof
References: bnc#307067
The initial generation of the base profile is required to be written out
to put the process in complain mode for observation. If the user
decides to abort the profiling session, that base profile is left
behind.
This patch removes all profiles created during the run up to an abort.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
aa-enforce and aa-complain exist to put a profile into enforce or
complain mode respectively. The /etc/apparmor.d/disable directory
already exists to drop files into it to disable profile load via
apparmor_parser (and therefore via the apparmor initscript). What
doesn't exist is aa-disable to add a file to the disable/ directory and
unload the profile. This patch does that. This version of aa-disable is
based on aa-complain (in fact doing a diff between aa-complain and
aa-disable might make review easier) and works as well as aa-enforce and
aa-complain. In other words, aa-disable has the same limitations of not
handling the specified binary properly if the specified attachment does
not match the path naming scheme (eg, the profile doesn't use the
conventional path.to.binary naming scheme, globbing is used for
attachment within the profile, etc). Also adjust documentation to
reference aa-disable.
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
This patch fixes a logprof bug where when profiles with variable
declarations at the top level (not hidden in an include) were written
back to a file, a trailing comma was being added to the declaration
statement, which is invalid apparmor policy syntax. This patch corrects
this and no longer adds the trailing comma.
Subject: apparmor: Fix network event parsing
References: bnc#665483
The upstream version of AppArmor had network mediation but it was
removed. There's a compability patch floating around that both openSUSE
and Ubuntu have applied to their kernels. Unfortunately, one part was
overlooked. The socket operation event names where changed from the
socket_ prefixed names they had when AppArmor was out-of-tree and
utils/SubDomain.pm was never updated to understand them.
This patch adds an operation-type table so that the code can just
do a optype($operation) call to discover what type of operation a
particular name refers to. It then uses this in place of the socket_
checks to decide whether an event is a network operation.
This allows genprof and logprof to work with networking rules again.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Bug: https://launchpad.net/bugs/706733
The testcases that were in place for the old style log messages have
had their expected output modified such that they are expected to
return invalid results, rather than deleting the testcases outright.
"SubDomain" in some way. This leaves only "subdomain.conf" and the
function names internally.
Additionally, I added a "make check" rule to the utils/Makefile to do a
simple "perl -c" sanity check just for good measure.
allows write to the ~/Desktop directory, which could conceivably allow writing
of .desktop files which could be clicked on and executed by the user. This is
based on the firefox base profile as included in Ubuntu. Notable features:
- allows for using the browser to navigate through directories
- allows reads from @{HOME}/Public/**
- allows writes to @{HOME}/Downloads/**
The intent of this profile is to restrict code execution, writes to $HOME
and information leaks while allowing basic web browsing and reading of
system documentation. It does not allow for plugins, extensions or other
helpers (but these can be added via the local/ mechanism).
- allow net_admin capability for DHCP server
- allow net_raw and network inet raw for ICMP pings when used as a DHCP
server
- allow read and write access to libvirt pid files for dnsmasq
See the FAQ in the dnsmasq source for details. This fixes
https://launchpad.net/bugs/697239
toolchain has gotten stricter about linking order; in short, linked
libraries need to come after the objects referring to them. Adding to
LDLIBS is the correct solution for this.
See https://wiki.ubuntu.com/NattyNarwhal/ToolchainTransition for more
details.
use by more and more applications, including empathy and evolution. It
is listed on freedesktop.org. See:
http://www.abisource.com/projects/enchant/
This abstraction gives access to enchant itself, files in the user's home
directory for enchant and various dictionaries for:
- aspell
- ispell
- hunspell
- myspell
- hspell
- zemberek
- voikko
start to use it. Additionally, the 'rw' on the @{HOME}/.config/ibus/bus/
probably only needs 'create' and 'chmod', so that could be tightened up once
those are exposed in the tools. LP: #649497.
$config->{repository}{enabled} = "no" (LP: #692406). We need to do this
since opensuse's site is down and there is no current alternative. Can
reenable once we have an alternative.
$config->{repository}{enabled} = "no" (LP: #692406). We need to do this
since opensuse's site is down and there is no current alternative. Can
reenable once we have an alternative.
When doing permission merging in the dfa minimization phase the information
about whether a rule is dominant or not has been lost so the merge of
xtransitions can not be handled correctly.
When two conflicting x transitions are merged the results are unpredicitable
and not currently detected. So default dfa minimization to set up its
initial partitions with permission hashing, this ensures that dfa states
that have different xtransitions in the minimization stage will never
be merged thus will not result in a conflict.
x permission checking is still enforced at the dfa creation phase where
the originial information is available to check whether the conflicting
permissions came from exact match or re rules so that conflict resolution
can be properly applied.
The end result is that dfa minimization does not result in a truely minimal
dfa (the minimization phase is also slightly faster).
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Currently apparmor provides the unsafe keyword to indicate an xtransition
is not scrubbing its environment variables. This can be used to be
explicit about which transition are unsafe instead of relying on people
remembering which of px Px is safe or unsafe.
Add the orthogonal keyword safe to allow specifying a transition is
safe.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
x Permissions when specified as a the start of the rule had a differnt
meaning than when they appeared at the tail of a rule.
Specifically px,cx,ux were not treated as unsafe when they appeared at
the start of the rule.
px /foo,
instead of at the tail of the rule
/foo px,
the keyword unsafe had to be used to force the rule to cause the x transitio
to be its unsafe variant.
Fix leading permissions so that they are consistent with file rules that
use trailing permissions.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Test the leading permission form of an xrule against its trailing permission
form, to verify that they are generating the same xtransition and thus
don't conflict (assumes xtransition conflict checking is working).
eg.
px /foo,
/foo px,
should generate the same rule and thus not result in any conflicts
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
All the combiniation of xtransition conflics where not well represented in
the regression test suite. Instead of relying on multiple static test
files, automatically generate all possible conflicts.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
The is_merged_x_consistend macro was incorrect in that is tested for
USER_EXEC_TYPE to determine if there was an x transition. This fails
for unconfined execs so an unconfined exec would not correctly conflict
with another exec type.
The dfa match flag table for xtransitions was not large enough and not
indexed properly for pux, and cux transitions. The index calculation did
not take into account the pux flag so that pux and px aliased to the same
location and cux and cx aliased to the same location.
This would result in the first rule being processed defining what the
transition type was for all following rules of the type following. So
if a px transition was processed first all pux, transitions in the profile
would be treated pux.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
The dfa engine uses the defines from immunix.h for permission conflict
checking, so make the build depend on it.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
During some of the dfa cleanups, the checks for conflicting xtransition
was removed. This adds the conflict checking back in and makes it part
of dfa creation.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Several of the x-trans tests where failing because of the include file was
bad. This kept the test from testing what it was supposed as the test
was expected to fail. Thus hidding a bug :(
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Add the ability to specify the name and attachment of the profile
separately. It does not allow for the attachment specification to
begin with a variable however since variables in profile names is not
currently support this shouldn't be and issue.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
clean up profile parsing by merging profile and :namespace:profile parsing
into a single rule.
This also fixes a bug where the profile keyword was not allowed to proceed
profiles with a namespace declaration.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Acked-By: Steve Beattie <sbeattie@ubuntu.com>
Short summary: Unloading of profiles with a space in the name fails,
therefore "rcapparmor stop" (or restart) causes a funny message - and
the profile is still loaded.
Thanks to Christian Boltz <apparmor@cboltz.de>
parser that interact with the regex DFA generation library, and thus
need to be recompiled when the header file changes.
(This patch isn't particularly of interest to distros, as they
typically won't be doing incremental compilation.)
The other changes have made it so that using a macro really isn't justified
so rework the code to get rid of the hiddeous update_for_nodes macro.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
With the addition of the nodes field to the state we can make the work
queue, be based off of the state instead of the node, and avoid doing
the node to map lookup to get back to the state.
This means that the NodeMap is now only used for duplicate elimination.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Factoring the updating of the state transitions doesn't save on any code
but it provides a nice logical seperation and makes the dfa work_queue
loop and the updating of the state transitions easier to understand as
units.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
The match_count variable is a sum of the number of duplicates node sets
that have been encountered and discarded. Rename it to better reflect what
it is doing.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Embedding the nodes are part of the state gives fast back reference from
the state to the nodes that created it. This is useful for the state to
nodes mapping dump as it lets us output the states in order. It will also
let us avoid certain nodemap lookup in the future.
Overlay the nodes field (used only in dfa construction) with the partition
field which is only used during dfa minimization to avoid making the state
any larger.
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
commits were made (as well as a few other minor warnings elsewhere).
The Makefile change is to avoid passing -Wstrict-prototypes and
-Wnested-externs to the C++ compiler, which the compiler yells about and
then ignores.
Since we compile with -Wmissing-field-initializers I dropped the
unreferenced zero-width fields in the header structs, and then explicitly
initialized the remaining fields.
I tagged several unused function parameters to silence those warnings.
And finally, I dropped the unused filter_escapes() too.
Embedding the the partition mapping into the State structure significantly
speeds up dfa minimization, by converting rbtree finds to straight direct
references when checking for same mappings.
The overall time improvement is small but it can half the time spent in
minimization.
The nodemap.size() increases by one with each node added, every time we
add a state we label it so this provides the proper labeling without needing
a separate variable.
add short options to turn on all stats, and all progress indicators,
also allow adding "no-" prefix to dump options to allow subtracting
individual options when short options are used.
eg.
-D stats -D no-expr-simplify
Move the -O and -D options into tables, that keep the option and its
description. This will help keep the options consistent and the description
up to date, as all information is now in one place.
Previously the options, and descriptions kept getting out of sync as all
relavent parts were spread out.
help reduce peak memory usage in some cases.
Also disbale remove_unreachable, as the current dfa code isn't generating
unreachable states, and minimization removes any states that are connected
but redundant.
hold permission information. We currently keep them in a table with a
refcount so that they don't go away, until we delete the table.
We can simulate this by getting rid of the refcount, and making dup and release
virtual, and overriding it for the special accept nodes.
improves minimization performance, it can slow down total creation time and
result in larger compressed dfas.
This is because it results in the dfa not being completely minimized which
with the current O(n2) dfa table compression algorithm can result in slower
compressed dfa generation.
first hash does hashing on state just state transitions, which always results
in a performance improvement.
The second does hashing based off of accept permissions, which can create
more initial states but can result in not being able to achieve a true
minimum dfa. This can also lead to slowing down total dfa creation because
while minimization, compression can take longer if the dfa isn't completely
minimized.
permission hashing is currently required, as minimization does not accumulate
redundant Node permissions.
memory than just using the NodeSet size to short circuit comparison but it
improves on the case where compared sets have the same size. It is possible
that this will slow down small dfa generation slightly but the trade off for
large dfa's (which are the slow ones to generate) is worth it.
This results in another performance bump over using the NodeSize is NodeSet
comparison, and the amount of improvement increases with larger dfas
of pointers when it isn't necessary. This results in a nice little
performance increase in dfa creation.
This is more of a proof of concept patch, and is replaced by the next
patch which does better short circuiting via hashing
the large side, and I experimented with different ways to split this up but in
the end, anything I could do would result in a series of dependent patches
that would require all of them to be applied to get meaningful functional
changes.
The patch structural reworks the dfa so that
- there is a new State class, it takes the place of sets of nodes in the
dfa, and allows storing state information within the state
- removes the dfa transition table, which mapped sets of nodes to a
transition table, by moving the transition into the new state class
- computes dfa state permissions once (stored in the state)
- expression tree nodes are independent from a created dfa. This allows
computed expression trees, and sets of Nodes (used as protostates when
computing the dfa). To be managed independent of the dfa life time.
This will allow reducing the amount of memory used, in the future,
and will also allow separating the expression tree logic out into
its own file.
The patch has some effect on reducing peak memory usage, and computation
time. The actual amount of reduction is dependent on the number of states
in the dfa with larger saving being achieved on larger dfas. Eg. for
the test evince profile I was using it makes the parser about 7% faster with a
peak memory usage about 12% less.
This patch changes the initial partition hashing of minimization resulting
in slightly smaller dfas.
of a mix of symlinks to non-prefixed comands, and "apparmor_" prefixed
commands.
This also refactors the manpage generation slightly since we no longer
need special cases for the manpages, and drops aa-eventd from the default
list of tools to install (it also lacks a manpage).
exported in the environment. Without it, merely setting the CFLAGS
environment variable would not affect the compilation of the parser,
though it was still possible to override it by passing the variable
as an argument (e.g. make all CFLAGS="-Oinsane -Wextra-special").
It also makes the default CFLAGS for the parser consistent with
the default for the C++ dfa library, and passes the flags on to
the library.
An audit of the other bits of C showed that they either supported
CFLAGS during configure or were otherwise honoring CFLAGS when set
as environment variable.
the common/Make.rules file into common/Version so that libapparmor's
configure.in can make use of it, meaning there's one less thing to
adjust when updating the version. It also bumps the trunk version
from 2.5 to 2.5.90 in (perhaps excessively long) preparation for the
2.6.0 release, and to indicate that it's newer than the 2.5.x branch.
tarballs and converts some of the common/Make.rules targets to get
version information from bzr. As part of this, the tarball generation
creates a .stamp_rev file in the common directory which contains both
the name of the bzr repo exported from as well as the revision.
This just adds prototypes to all functions to make further cleanup
slightly easier by getting perl to complain if not enough args are
passed to a function. Perl doesn't appear to complain about this in
every case even with prototypes, which is kind of annoying.
One of the uses of eval { } wasn't checking $@ for errors, so if
something bad happened, it'd be silently ignored. This just adds in
an extra check to die if we hit a failure.
loopback mounted filesystem to operate on, to guarantee that the mount
option user_xattr is enabled (it's disabled by default on Ubuntu).
With this change, a number of the user xattr testcases that were
expected to pass but weren't started working; however, some of the
ones that were failing as expected are now passing. I've touched up
the expectations as well.
script and add an additional sleep before the parser invocation that
generates the cache file for the first time, to avoid failures in the
"Profiles are cached when requested:" test on ext3 and other filesystems
without fine-grained enough timestamps.
parsing, and precompilation of policy. This allows finding the most
recent text time stamp during parsing and this is then compared to
the cache file time stamp.
While this is slightly slower than the cache file check that only
validated against the profile file it fixes the bug where abstraction
updates do not cause the cache file to become invalid.
capability is reported by LSM_AUDIT and is just the capability number.
capname is reported by the apparmor module and is the name the kernel
knows the capability as.
For now just use capname and silently drop capability when it is found.
started. Since apparmor_notify is not installed by default and not started
by default, the act of installing and starting it implies the desire to
get messages.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/apparmor/+bug/623467
This patch adds some additional testcases to the log parsing
testsuite, to cover rejections for operations that aren't covered by
other testcase (truncate, rename_src, rename_dest, mkdir) as well
as fixing SubDomain.pm to take those operations into account when
parsing log files.
The operations link, unlink, and possibly setattr still need to be
covered by SubDomain.pm
kernel when the hat that was passed does not exist in the profile (but
other hats exist). It also removes the very old EPERM case, which hasn't
been accurate for a while. (LP: #619521)
this results in
Unable to open output file - Success
to be output to standard error.
This occurs because despite specifying kernel_load = 0, the kernel load
parts are still being done, and failing.
- create profiles/apparmor.d/local/README to explain it all
- adjust shipped profiles in profiles/apparmor.d to include the local changes
- adjust profiles/Makefile for local files
- add profiles/local/README
- adjust profiles/apparmor.d/{bin,sbin,usr}* to include a file from local/
- adjust profiles/apparmor.d/{bin,sbin,usr}* for for copyright, some whitespace
and svn conventions
the testsuite. It looks like coredump mediation may have been removed,
since it is rather a corner-case, so I have currently marked it as XFAIL.
In hooking it back up, the "prologue.inc" was reviewed, dead code dropped,
and the "image=" argument changed to correctly handle the imageperms
syntax used elsewhere. It was working in other tests out of coincidence.
tree. It is limited in that it doesn't currently handle the permissions of a rule.
conversion output presents an aare -> prce conversion followed by 1 or more expression
tree rules, governed by what the rule does.
eg.
aare: /** -> /[^/\x00][^\x00]*
rule: /[^/\x00][^\x00]* -> /[^\0000/]([^\0000])*
eg.
echo "/foo { /** rwlkmix, } " | ./apparmor_parser -QT -D rule-exprs -D expr-tree
aare: /foo -> /foo
aare: /** -> /[^/\x00][^\x00]*
rule: /[^/\x00][^\x00]* -> /[^\0000/]([^\0000])*
rule: /[^/\x00][^\x00]*\x00/[^/].* -> /[^\0000/]([^\0000])*\0000/[^/](.)*
DFA: Expression Tree
(/[^\0000/]([^\0000])*(((((((((((((<513>|<2>)|<4>)|<8>)|<16>)|<32>)|<64>)|<8404992>)|<32768>)|<65536>)|<131072>)|<262144>)|<524288>)|<1048576>)|/[^\0000/]([^\0000])*\0000/[^/](.)*((<16>|<32>)|<262144>))
This simple example shows many things
1. The profile name under goes pcre conversion. But since no regular expressions where found
it doesn't generate any expr rules
2. /** is converted into the pcre expression /[^\0000/]([^\0000])*
3. The pcre expression /[^\0000/]([^\0000])* is converted into two rules that are then
converted into expression trees.
The reason for this can not be seen by the output as this is actually triggered by
permissions separation for the rule. In this case the link permission is separated
into what is shown as the second rule: statement.
4. DFA: Expression Tree dump shows how these rules are combined together
You will notice that the rule conversion statement is fairly redundant currently as it just
show pcre to expression tree pcre. This will change when direct aare parsing occurs,
but currently serves to verify the pcre conversion step.
It is not the prettiest patch, as its touching some ugly code that is schedule to be cleaned
up/replaced. eg. convert_aaregex_to_pcre is going to replaced with native parse conversion
from an aare straight to the expression tree, and dfaflag passing will become part of the
rule set.
It changes the table resizing so that there is always sufficient
high entries in the table, preventing bounds violations from
occurring.
Previously the resize allocation was always based on the character
set range for a state, which could be more or less than actually
required, and packing would waste some space when over allocation
was done.
As a result this patch in general results in slightly smaller
transition tables even though it enforcing the minimum required
padding to avoid bounds violations.
are computed and stored in a map, that is not cleaned up. This means that the labeling
is retained across different dfas.
Move the labeling into expr node as this takes less memory than using a map and will
also separates node labeling so its per dfa instead of global. In addition this means
the labeling is cleanedup/freed when the expr tree is freed without any extra work.
each expression tree node and then used as input to create the dfa states.
Currently they are not being freed until the nodes are destroyed, but the information
is no longer needed once the dfa has been created. Cleaning them up early reduces
peak memory usage.
* a non-include related syntax error (errors/modefail.sd)
* multiple successful includes followed by a failed include
(errors/multi_include.sd)
It also fixes two issues with the parser's line counting:
* the count began at 0 (demonstrated by the first testcase's error
being reporting on one line less than it should be), and
* an extra line increment when includes were detected (demonstrated
by the second testcase's error being reported at a line beyond the
correct linenumber.
The existing testcases did not catch these because they were all
based on the first include in the file failing and so the start of
the count from 0 counteracted the extra counted line.
paths. Secondly, the /lib64 -> /lib symlink would mean the
/lib64/ld-linux symlink would incorrectly be generated as
/lib64/ld-N.NN.so which still has a symlink in its path, and thus
apparmor wouldn't permit the access. Fixing by having readlink
canonicalize the entire path.
ack thppt.
when auditd logs get rotated)
- use getgrnam() with setgid when dropping to nobody_group
- add '-u USER' option to drop to this user when running priviliged but
not under sudo. Useful for starting when logged in as root.
- add a read access check before get_logfile_inode() so we don't have to
wait for the timeout in get_logfile_inode()
- set euid only when dropping privileges, instead of using POSIX::setuid()
which sets uid, euid and saved id when starting privileged
- create send_message() function which fork/execs so that we can set the
real uid before calling notify-send (notify-send looks at the real uid
when trying to connect to dbus)
- adjust reopen_logfile() to raise privileges (via euid) before accessing
logfile when $< != $>. Drop them again after open().
- also check for inode change
- update size to use stat
- treat logfile_size like logfile_inode
- update logfile_size and logfile_inode in reopen_logfile()
- add -f option to optionally specify the logfile
- when polling, check to see if the logfile size decreased, and if so, reopen
it. Currently this only works if you can read the file after dropping
privileges
tests. I don't like the solution because it exposes a data structure
definition outside of the only file that should know it's layout.
Also, fixed the Makefile to fail the build when one of the unit test
programs fails. :-(
# Copyright (C) 2006 SuSE Linux Products GmbH, Nuernberg
# This file is distributed under the same license as the package.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: apparmorapplet\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2007-02-06 14:27-0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-02-06 08:04\n"
"Last-Translator: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: src/apparmor-applet.c:244
msgid "AppArmorApplet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\nit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n(at your option) any later version."
msgstr "AppArmorApplet برنامج مجاني؛ يمكنك إعادة توزيعه و/أو تعديله\nبموجب بنود رخصة GNU العمومية الذي\nنشرته مؤسسة البرمجيات الحرة، إما من الإصدار الثاني من الرخصة، أو\n)وفقًا لاختيارك) أي إصدار أحدث."
# Copyright (C) 2006 SuSE Linux Products GmbH, Nuernberg
# This file is distributed under the same license as the package.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: apparmorapplet\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2007-02-06 14:27-0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-02-05 14:25\n"
"Last-Translator: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: src/apparmor-applet.c:244
msgid "AppArmorApplet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\nit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n(at your option) any later version."
msgstr "AppArmorApplet je svobodný software; můžete ho dále šířit a/nebo\nupravit za podmínek stanovených licencí GNU General Public License,\npublikované organizací Free Software Foundation; buď verze 2\ntéto licence, nebo (podle vaší volby) jakékoli pozdější verze."
#: src/preferences_dialog.c:31
msgid "AppArmor Desktop Preferences"
msgstr "Nastavení modulu AppArmor pro pracovní stanici"
# Copyright (C) 2006 SuSE Linux Products GmbH, Nuernberg
# This file is distributed under the same license as the package.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: apparmorapplet\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2007-02-06 14:27-0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-02-05 13:38\n"
"Last-Translator: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: src/apparmor-applet.c:244
msgid "AppArmorApplet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\nit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n(at your option) any later version."
msgstr "AppAmorApplet ist freie Software, Sie können sie gemäß der Bestimmungen\nder GNU General Public License (in der von\nder Free Software Foundation veröffentlichten Form) weiter verteilen und/oder bearbeiten. Dies gilt für Version 2 der Lizenz bzw.\neine beliebige höhere Version (nach Ihrem Ermessen)."
# Copyright (C) 2006 SuSE Linux Products GmbH, Nuernberg
# This file is distributed under the same license as the package.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: apparmorapplet\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2007-02-06 14:27-0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-02-04 14:32\n"
"Last-Translator: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: src/apparmor-applet.c:244
msgid "AppArmorApplet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\nit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n(at your option) any later version."
msgstr "AppArmorApplet es un programa libre. Puede redistribuirlo y\nmodificarlo bajo los términos de la Licencia Pública General GNU,\ntal como la publica la Free Software Foundation, ya sea la versión 2\nde la licencia o cualquier versión posterior que elija."
#: src/preferences_dialog.c:31
msgid "AppArmor Desktop Preferences"
msgstr "Preferencias de AppArmor para el escritorio"
# Copyright (C) 2006 SuSE Linux Products GmbH, Nuernberg
# This file is distributed under the same license as the package.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: apparmorapplet\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2007-02-06 14:27-0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-02-04 15:43\n"
"Last-Translator: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: src/apparmor-applet.c:244
msgid "AppArmorApplet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\nit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n(at your option) any later version."
msgstr "L'applet AppArmor est un logiciel libre que vous pouvez \ndistribuer et/ou modifier conformément aux termes de la Licence Publique\nGénérale GNU, tel que publié par la Free Software Foundation \n(version 2 de la license ou toute autre version ultérieure, le cas échéant)."
# Copyright (C) 2006 SuSE Linux Products GmbH, Nuernberg
# This file is distributed under the same license as the package.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: apparmorapplet\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2007-02-06 14:27-0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-02-05 10:11\n"
"Last-Translator: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: src/apparmor-applet.c:244
msgid "AppArmorApplet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\nit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n(at your option) any later version."
msgstr "AppArmorApplet è un software gratuito. È possibile ridistribuirlo e/o\nmodificarlo sotto i termini della GNU General Public Licence\npubblicati dalla Free Software Foundation: versione 2\ndella licenza oppure, a scelta, una versione successiva."
# Copyright (C) 2006 SuSE Linux Products GmbH, Nuernberg
# This file is distributed under the same license as the package.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: apparmorapplet\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2007-02-06 14:27-0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-02-04 15:11\n"
"Last-Translator: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: src/apparmor-applet.c:244
msgid "AppArmorApplet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\nit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n(at your option) any later version."
msgstr "AppArmorアプレットはフリーソフトウェアです。これを、Free Software\nFoundationが公開しているGNU General Public License(バージョン2か、希望によっては\nそれ以降のバージョンのうちどれか)の定める条件の下で再配布および/または変更することが\nできます。"
# Copyright (C) 2006 SuSE Linux Products GmbH, Nuernberg
# This file is distributed under the same license as the package.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: apparmorapplet\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2007-02-06 14:27-0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-02-04 15:02\n"
"Last-Translator: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: src/apparmor-applet.c:244
msgid "AppArmorApplet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\nit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n(at your option) any later version."
msgstr "AppArmorApplet은 무료 소프트웨어이며, 배포하거나\nFSF(Free Software Foundation)에서 발행한 GNU GPL(General Public License: 버전 2 또는 (사용자 재량으로)\n이후 버전) 약관 하에서 수정할 수 있습니다. "
# Copyright (C) 2006 SuSE Linux Products GmbH, Nuernberg
# This file is distributed under the same license as the package.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: apparmorapplet\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2007-02-06 14:27-0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-02-05 08:00\n"
"Last-Translator: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: src/apparmor-applet.c:244
msgid "AppArmorApplet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\nit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n(at your option) any later version."
msgstr "AppArmorApplet is vrije software; u mag het herdistribueren en/of\naanpassen onder de voorwaarden van de GNU General Public License, zoals\ngepubliceerd door de Free Software Foundation; versie 2 van de\nlicentie of (naar uw believen) een latere versie."
# Copyright (C) 2006 SuSE Linux Products GmbH, Nuernberg
# This file is distributed under the same license as the package.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: apparmorapplet\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2007-02-06 14:27-0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-02-05 09:28\n"
"Last-Translator: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: src/apparmor-applet.c:244
msgid "AppArmorApplet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\nit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n(at your option) any later version."
msgstr "O applet AppArmor é um software livre; você pode redistribuí-lo e/ou modificá-lo\nseguindo os termos da licença GNU General Public License (GPL) tal como\npublicada pela Free Software Foundation; na versão 2 da licença ou\n(por sua opção) qualquer versão posterior."
#: src/preferences_dialog.c:31
msgid "AppArmor Desktop Preferences"
msgstr "Preferências de Área de Trabalho do AppArmor"
# Copyright (C) 2006 SuSE Linux Products GmbH, Nuernberg
# This file is distributed under the same license as the package.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: apparmorapplet\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2007-02-06 14:27-0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-02-05 08:14\n"
"Last-Translator: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: src/apparmor-applet.c:244
msgid "AppArmorApplet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\nit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n(at your option) any later version."
msgstr "AppArmorApplet является свободно распространяемым ПО; его можно распространять и/или изменять\nв рамках условий GNU General Public License, опубликованной Free Software Foundation\n (второй версии либо выше, на Ваше усмотрение)."
# Copyright (C) 2006 SuSE Linux Products GmbH, Nuernberg
# This file is distributed under the same license as the package.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: apparmorapplet\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2007-02-06 14:27-0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-02-05 07:23\n"
"Last-Translator: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: src/apparmor-applet.c:244
msgid "AppArmorApplet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\nit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n(at your option) any later version."
msgstr "AppArmorApplet är gratisprogramvara. Du får distribuera den och/eller\nändra den enligt villkoren i GNU General Public License\nfrån Free Software Foundation (version 2 eller senare)."
# Copyright (C) 2006 SuSE Linux Products GmbH, Nuernberg
# This file is distributed under the same license as the package.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: apparmorapplet\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2007-02-06 14:27-0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-02-05 09:53\n"
"Last-Translator: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: src/apparmor-applet.c:244
msgid "AppArmorApplet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\nit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n(at your option) any later version."
msgstr "AppArmorApplet 是自由软件；您可以根据自由软件基金会\n发布的 GNU 通用公共许可证（第 2 版或您选择的任何更高版本）\n的条款重新分发和/或\n修改它。"
# Copyright (C) 2006 SuSE Linux Products GmbH, Nuernberg
# This file is distributed under the same license as the package.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: apparmorapplet\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2007-02-06 14:27-0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-02-04 15:44\n"
"Last-Translator: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Novell Language <language@novell.com>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: src/apparmor-applet.c:244
msgid "AppArmorApplet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\nit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n(at your option) any later version."
msgstr "AppArmorApplet 是一個自由軟體，您可以在 GNU 通用公共授權\n(GNU General Public License) 條款規定之下任意散佈和/或進行修改。\nGNU 通用公共授權是由自由軟體基金會 (Free Software Foundation)\n發行，您可以選擇第二版或 (自行選擇) 更新的版本。"
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